RESUMEN
Resumen OBJETIVO: Evaluar la asociación entre los hallazgos quirúrgicos y la intensidad del dolor posoperatorio y su reacción a los analgésicos en pacientes intervenidas para esterilización quirúrgica. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional, analítico, de tipo cohorte retrospectiva efectuado en una institución del Oriente colombiano en mujeres mayores de 18 años que optaron por la esterilización quirúrgica por vía laparoscópica como método de planificación familiar. Las variables cuantitativas se analizaron en medidas de tendencia central y las nominales en porcentajes. Se comparó el antecedente de dolor pélvico con la severidad del dolor posquirúrgico, con ajuste de las variables de confusión. RESULTADOS: Se estudiaron 141 pacientes con límites de edad de 25 y 34 años. El antecedente de dolor pélvico se evidenció en el 26.2%. Durante la cirugía el 29.7% resultaron con síndrome adherencial moderado de la pared abdominal hacia el útero, circunstancia que se asoció con el antecedente de dolor pélvico en un 29.7%. En la evaluación del dolor posquirúrgico, el 48.2% sufrió dolor moderado. En 95% de las pacientes el dolor se logró controlar con 500 mg de paracetamol cada 6 horas, sin requerir opioides. CONCLUSIONES: El síndrome adherencial moderado se asoció con el antecedente de dolor pélvico crónico y cesárea previa. No hubo relación significativa entre el dolor posoperatorio y los hallazgos quirúrgicos. El dolor a las 72 horas fue leve y moderado en 46.1 y 48.2%, respectivamente. En este estudio el procedimiento laparoscópico no se asoció con aumento del dolor, que se controló con analgesia convencional, lo que ratifica una ventaja importante de este tipo de procedimiento.
Abstract OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between surgical findings and postoperative pain intensity and its reaction to analgesics in women who underwent surgical sterilization. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Observational, analytical, retrospective cohort study carried out in an institution in eastern Colombia in women over 18 years of age who opted for laparoscopic surgical sterilization as a method of family planning. Quantitative variables were analyzed as measures of central tendency and nominal variables as percentages. The history of pelvic pain was compared with the severity of postoperative pain, with adjustment for confounding variables. RESULTS: We studied 141 patients with age limits of 25 and 34 years. A history of pelvic pain was evident in 26.2%. During surgery 29.7% had moderate adhesive syndrome of the abdominal wall towards the uterus, which was associated with a history of pelvic pain in 29.7%. In the evaluation of postoperative pain, 48.2% suffered moderate pain. In 95% of the patient's pain was controlled with 500 mg of paracetamol every 6 hours, without requiring opioids. CONCLUSIONS: Moderate adhesive syndrome was associated with a history of chronic pelvic pain and previous cesarean section. There was no significant relationship between postoperative pain and surgical findings. Pain at 72 hours was mild and moderate in 46.1 and 48.2% respectively. In this study the laparoscopic procedure was not associated with increased pain, which was controlled with conventional analgesia, which confirms an important advantage of this type of procedure.
RESUMEN
A população de cães e gatos errantes é um problema grave de saúde pública e bem estar animal e a gonadectomia pré-puberal a partir de seis semanas de idade é a base para controle populacional efetivo. Os efeitos benéficos e maléficos são discutidos nesta revisão, auxiliando o médico veterinário a obter conhecimento e fundamentação científica para análise crítica do tema, propagação dessa prática e conscientização de proprietários.
Stray dogs and cats is a serious problem to public health and animal welfare. Prepubertal gonadectomy from six weeks of age is a solution to effective pet overpopulation control. The benefits and adverse effects of this procedure are discussed in this paper, allowing the veterinarians to obtain knowledge and scientific basis to critical analysis to the topic, practice spread and owner awareness.