Double root anatomical variations in a single patient: endodontic treatment and rehabilitation of a three-rooted first premolar: case report / Variaciones anatómicas de raíces dobles en un solo paciente: tratamiento endodóntico y rehabilitación de un primer premolar trirradicular: reporte de caso

Abnormal interaction between oral epithelium and underlying mesenchematic tissue during odontogenesis could result in teeth with an anatomical variation. First maxilar premolar has such variable root canal morphology. However, (0.2-6% of cases) a three-rooted premolar is particularly uncommon. First mandibular premolar frequently has one root and one single canal (75% of cases), however, a tooth with two canals and two separate roots could be found (19.5-22.5%). Execution of an accurate diagnosis of root canal system is essential to perform a successful endodontic treatment and tooth rehabilitation. This article describes diagnosis, endodontic treatment and rehabilitation (means single crown) of a maxillary three-rooted and three-canal first premolar, and a non-endodontically treated mandibular first premolar with two canals and two independent roots in a single patient.

La interacción anormal entre el epitelio oral y el tejido mesenquimático subyacente durante la odontogénesis puede resultar en la formación de un diente con una variación anatómica. El primer premolar maxilar posee una anatomía relativamente variable, sin embargo, es especialmente poco frecuente (0,2% a 6% de los casos) la presencia de este diente con tres raíces y tres canales radiculares. El primer premolar mandibular posee frecuentemente una raíz y un canal radicular (75% de los casos) y es bastante más infrecuente encontrar este diente con dos raíces y dos canales radiculares (19.5 a 22.5%). Un diagnóstico acabado y preciso de es fundamental para lograr un exitoso tratamiento de endodoncia y posterior rehabilitación. Este artículo describe el diagnóstico, tratamiento de endodoncia y rehabilitación (mediante prótesis fija singular) de un primer premolar maxilar con tres raíces y tres canales radiculares, además el reporte de un caso de un primer premolar mandibular biradicular con dos canales radiculares. Ambos se presentan en un mismo paciente.

Root-crown ratios of permanent teeth in Malay patients attending HUSM Dental Clinic

The objectives of this study were to determine the normal mean value of the root-crown (R/C ratios) in Malay patients and their variations by gender and dental arch from orthopantomogram radiographs (OPGs). Two thousand nine hundred and twenty teeth with fully developed roots were measured from 112 OPGs. Subjects with history of maxillofacial trauma or orthodontic therapy were excluded. The mean age of the subjects was 19.1 (SD 2.08) years old for males while females 18.9 (SD 2.19) years old in the range from 15 to 22 years old. The intra-examiner reproducibility of the assessment method was good (Intraclass correlation coefficient 0.81). Results of this study showed that there was no significant difference between R/C ratios of males and females groups. However, the ratios of the antagonist teeth for both males and females were significantly greater in the mandible than in the maxilla (p<0.05 for right and left lateral incisors and right first premolars in male; p<0.001 for all other teeth). In both gender, the highest R/C ratio was mandibular second premolars and the lowest R/C ratio were maxillary central incisors. The rootcrown ratio could be used as a baseline data and reference to help in orthodontic diagnosis, treatment planning and prognosis as well as evaluation developmental root deficiency.