RESUMEN
RESUMEN El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo valorar las concepciones éticas y políticas del pensamiento martiano en sus cartas testamentos y sus potencialidades para el fortalecimiento de valores en los estudiantes de la Educación Superior. En el trabajo se abordan consideraciones teóricas acerca de la carta como tipología textual y del epistolario martiano, con énfasis en sus cartas testamentos. Se parte de los resultados de un proyecto de investigación en la que fueron aplicadas técnicas investigativas como la revisión bibliográfica y los procedimientos inherentes al análisis léxico semántico.
ABSTRACT The present work aims to assess the ethical and political conceptions of Marti's thought in his letters testaments and their potential for strengthening values in students of Higher Education. The paper addresses theoretical considerations about the letter as textual typology and Marti letters, with emphasis on his letters testaments. It is based on the results of an investigation project in which investigative techniques were applied, such as the bibliographic tracking and the procedures inherent to the semantic lexical analysis.
RESUMEN
We conducted cohort study of 170 patients with advanced cancer who admitted to the Palliative care department of NCC, Hope, Green Home and Grace Hospices. Bad news was informed before the hospitalization by Robert Buckman 6 steps. Psychological reactions of patients were observedimmediately after breaking bad news, after 30 minutes, after one day and after a week.Immediate psychological reactions of patients after breaking bad news was different: 25% of patientssat quietly withdraw into themselves and think about something, 24.2% - sighed heavily and stared in disbelief, 21% - cried or had watering eyes, 14.8% - felt mental relief and were thankful for telling truth, 12% - looked very sad and depressed, 9.7%- looked in fear and worrying. Psychological reaction like crying, fear, worrying were more common within female patients, and psychological reactions like withdraw into themselves and think about something were more common for male patients. After 30minutes patients started ask questions, 80% of patients want talk about treatment (asked questions about possibility for treatment abroad, about palliative treatment, and other therapeutic options), 30% of patients asked about prognosis, 29% of patients asked about possible complications, 19% of patients expressed their anger to family members, because they did not tell truth to them, 4 % ofpatients still expressed disbelief to bad news and they told that they are enough strong to fight with disease or they can find other treatment option. After 7 days 85% of patients were psychologicallycomfortable, because they accepted diagnosis and prognosis, 74 % of patients had very good communication with family, and 65% of them experienced psychosocial rehabilitation, 44%- prepared testament, 30% - finished uncompleted job.First several minutes after breaking bad news patients experienced severe psychological reactions, but after several days they came to psychosocial rehabilitation, for this reason we have to inform to patients truth about diagnosis and prognosis.
RESUMEN
O artigo se propõe a refletir acerca da legalidade da manifestação antecipada de vontade, instituída no Brasil por meio da Resolução nº. 1.995/12 do Conselho Federal de Medicina, em face da omissão legislativa e considerando a possível vinculação dos médicos e familiares de pacientes terminais ao Testamento Vital. Analisa a constitucionalidade dessas diretivas e, por conseguinte, a constitucionalidade da própria Resolução à luz do novo paradigma constitucional brasileiro.
The article seeks to reflect on the legality of the early manifestation of will, established in Brazil through Resolution No. 1.995/12 of the Federal Council of Medicine in the face of the legislative omission and considering the possible linkage of physicians and relatives of terminally ill patients in drafting the Last Will and Testament. It examines the constitutionality of these policies and, therefore, the constitutionality of the resolution itself in light of the new Brazilian constitutional paradigm.