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Background:Among corneal diseases, microbial keratitis is a major blinding disease.Objectives: To study the disease pattern and aetiology, to evaluate drug use pattern and the therapeutic outcome in Infectious Keratitis patients.Material And Methods:Prospective observational follow up study was carried out for 16 weeks. IEC permission and Written Informed Consent fr om the patients were taken before hand. Patients above 18 years of age and of either gender presenting to Outpatient department of Ophthalmology and diagnosed with Infectious Keratitis were included in the study. Patient's demographic details, diagnosis and the complete prescription were recorded in a case record form.Result:A total of 150 patients wereenrolled. Infectious Keratitis was prevalent in age group of 61–70 years (39.33%). Bacterial keratitis (52%) was the most common type followed by fungal (42%) and Viral keratitis (5%). A total of 17(11.33%) patients needed surgical intervention. At the last follow up 61(40.66%) patients had improved vision. There was a significant statistical difference found between age groups of <65 years and >65years for keratitis outcome. Improvement in vision (p=0.0264) & slit lamp findings (p=0.0148) were seen in younger age group.Conclusion:Bacterial keratitis was the most common cause of Infectious keratitis. Trauma was the commonest factor found majority of cases. Younger age group had better visual outcome.
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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is associated with hallmark pathologies including extracellular Aβ protein deposition in extracellular senile plaques and vessels, and intraneuronal tau deposition as neurofibrillary tangles. The current study comprises the oxidative modifications associated with the pathological lesions of neuronal damage characterized AD. The repeated exposure to aluminum and heavy metals, mutations in a number of chromosomes and genes, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, obesity and brain injury, are the major causes for these modifications. There is clearly a need for the identification and development of panels of biomarkers for accurate diagnosis and early detection of sporadic AD. Thus, a collection of the most globally manifested expeditious diagnostic tools for early detection of AD is outlined in this review. Also, a survey of the vast clinically approved therapeutic modalities for restricting and even treating the symptoms of AD is summarized. These arguments provide useful information in both understanding pathogenesis as well as accessing the novel treatment approaches for AD.
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Psychiatric management of patients with breast cancer, as well as women's emotional reactions to all phases of breast cancer, were reviewed. These patients face two major losses; one is the physical loss of part of the body and a threat to life, and the other is the loss of femininity. The patients are also likely to suffer from various psychiatric problems including anxiety and depression. Oncologists should be alert to each patient's emotional reactions and potential psychiatric problems, and if necessary, should refer them to a psychiatrist. A combination of psychotherapeutic, behavioural, and pharmacologic techniques is available for the care of patients with breast cancer. Psychotherapeutic modalities include individual therapy, family therapy, group therapy, and self-help treatment. The author divided individual therapy into general and specific treatment. General treatment deals with a crisis-intervention and cognitive-behavioral approach, whereas specific treatment deals with issues relevant to patients with breast cancer. Some of the therapeutic processes were illustrated in a case report. These guidelines will contribute to the relief and prevention of emotional suffering stemming from an encounter with the most common form of cancer in women. Also, proper and effective care for patients with breast cancer requires combined use of a variety of therapeutic modalities as well as a multi-disciplinary approach including psychiatric care.