Mechanism of Wumeiwan in Treatment of Emotional Disorders Based on Secrets for Auxiliary Cultivation Life / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Wumeiwan are recorded in the Jueyin chapter of Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases （《伤寒杂病论》）， and many doctors in the past dynasties believed that they had the effects of calming intestinal ascarid by warming Zang organs. The clinical application was limited. Since KE Qin， a doctor in the Qing dynasty， proposed that Wumeiwan were the primary prescription against Jueyin diseases， Wumeiwan have been valued by doctors， and their clinical application has also been expanded. The syndrome indicated for Wumeiwan is attributed， not only to the ascarid internal harassment， but to the abnormal Qi movement of wind and wood in Jueyin and the dysfunction of Yin and Yang. According to the functions of six meridians based on the theory of "open-close axis" in Huangdi's Internal Classic （《黄帝内经》） and the original texts of Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases， Yinshu refers to Jueyin. Wumeiwan， the primary prescription against Jueyin diseases， have the function of connecting Yin and Yang， and they can treat diseases caused by Qi disturbance of Jueyin and cold and heat in complexity. Sharing the same resource， the Secrets for Auxiliary Cultivation Life： The Essential Method of Using Herbal Medicine for the Differential Treatment of the Five Zang Organs （《辅行诀五脏用药法要》） and Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases both consult Models of the Classic of Decoction （《汤液经方》）. The formulation rules of tonic/purgative and collapse-saving prescriptions in Secrets for Auxiliary Cultivation Life follow the recorded "Tang Ye Jing Fa Tu" （an image revealing the compatibility principles of Chinese herbal drugs） and are closely related to the five elements theory. By exploring the formulation rules in "Tang Ye Jing Fa Tu" and the five elements of drugs， this study analyzed Wumeiwan and proved that Wumeiwan mainly acted on the liver， spleen， and heart. According to the Five Zang-organs Storing Spirit theory from Huangdi's Internal Classic， the above three organs are closely related to emotional adjustment. Therefore， the treatment of emotional disorders caused by qi disturbance of Jueyin and cold and heat in complexity with Wumeiwan is supported by evidence. At the end of this article， the reports on the treatment of emotional disorders with Wumeiwan in recent years were listed and reviewed. This article provides new ideas for the clinical application of Wumeiwan in the treatment of emotional disorders and expands the application range.

Research ideas of core formulas-syndromes based on disease-syndrome-treatment combination / 中国中药杂志

The relationship between disease and syndrome is a research focus in integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine. Depending on the focus, the disease-syndrome combination for treatment is manifested as the different treatment methods for the same disease and the same treatment method for different diseases based on the syndrome, and different treatment methods for the same syndrome and the same treatment method for different syndromes based on the disease. The mainstream model is the combination of di-sease identification in modern medicine with syndrome identification and core pathogenesis in traditional Chinese medicine. However, current research on the combination of disease and syndrome and core pathogenesis tends to focus on the heterogeneity between disease and syndrome and the separation of syndrome and treatment. Therefore, the study proposed the research idea and model of core formulas-syndromes(CFS). According to the theory of formula-syndrome correspondence, the research idea of CFS deepens the research on core pathogenesis, which aims to summarize the core formulas and syndromes for diseases. The research fields include diagnostic criteria for the indications of formulas, distribution patterns of formulas and syndromes for diseases, the evolution of medicinal-syndrome based on formulas-syndromes, formula combination law based on formulas-syndromes, and the dynamic evolution of formulas-syndromes. Through the summary of ancient classics, clinical experience, and medical records, and with the methods of expert consultation, factor analysis, and clustering analysis, research on the diagnostic criteria for the indications of formulas aims to explore the diagnosis information such as the diseases, symptoms, signs, and pathophysiology. The research on the distribution patterns of formulas and syndromes for diseases tends to summarize the specific types of formulas and syndromes for the diseases through literature research and clinical cross-sectional studies based on the establishment of diagnostic criteria for the indications of formulas. The research on the evolution of medicinal-syndrome aims to clarify the medicinal-syndrome law through literature and clinical research. The formula combination law refers to the fact that the core prescriptions for a disease often appear in combination with other prescriptions on a regular basis. The dynamic evolution of formulas-syndromes refers to the continuous transformation and change of formulas and syndromes in the process of disease development with changes in time and space. The CFS is conducive to the unification of disease, syndrome and treatment and to the deepening of the research model of disease and syndrome integration.

Clinical application of Chaihu Jia Longgu Muli Decoction based on modern pathophysiology mechanism / 中国中药杂志

Chaihu Jia Longgu Muli Decoction was firstly recorded in Treatise on Cold Damage(ZHANG Zhong-jing, Eastern Han dynasty). According to this medical classic, it is originally used in the treatment of the Shaoyang and Yangming syndrome. Based on the modern pathophysiological mechanism, this study interpreted the classic provisions of Chaihu Jia Longgu Muli Decoction. Original records of "chest fullness" "annoyance" "shock" "difficult urination" "delirium" "heavy body and failing to turn over" all have profound pathophysiological basis, involving disorders in cardiovascular, respiratory, nervous, and mental systems. This formula is widely used, which can be applied to treat epilepsy, cerebral arteriosclerosis, cerebral infarction, and other cerebrovascular diseases, hypertension, arrhythmia, and other cardiovascular diseases, insomnia, constipation, anxiety, depression, cardiac neurosis and other acute and chronic diseases as well as diseases in psychosomatic medicine. The clinical indications include Bupleuri Radix-targeted syndrome such as fullness and discomfort in chest and hypochondrium, bitter taste mouth, dry throat, and dizziness, the insomnia, anxiety, depression, susceptibility to fright, upset, dreamfulness and other psychiatric symptoms, red tongue, thick and yellow tongue coating, and wiry hard and powerful pulse. This formula was found to be used in combination with other formulas, such as Gualou Xiebai Decoction, Wendan Decoction, Zhizhu Pills, Juzhijiang Decoction, Suanzaoren Decoction, and Banxia Baizhu Tianma Decoction.

Connotation of Xiao Chaihu Decoction combined with Maxing Shigan Decoction based on severe cases and modern pathophysiological mechanism and application for severe pulmonary infection and acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in critical care medicine / 中国中药杂志

Xiao Chaihu Decoction combined with Maxing Shigan Decoction is a classic herbal formula. All of them are derived from Treatise on Cold Damage(Shang Han Lun) by ZHANG Zhong-jing. This combination has the effects of harmonizing lesser yang, relieving exterior syndrome, clearing lung heat, and relieving panting. It is mainly used for treating the disease involving the triple-Yang combination of diseases and accumulation of pathogenic heat in the lung. Xiao Chaihu Decoction combined with Maxing Shigan Decoction is a classic combination for the treatment of exogenous diseases involving the triple-Yang combination. They are commonly used in exogenous diseases, especially in the north of China. This combination is also the main treatment strategy for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) accompanied by fever and cough. Maxing Shigan Decoction is a classical herbal formula for treating the syndrome of phlegm-heat obstructing the lung. "Dyspnea after sweating" suggests the accumulation of pathogenic heat in the lung. Patients with mild symptoms may develop cough and asthma along with forehead sweating, and those in critical severe may develop whole-body sweating, especially the front chest. Modern medicine believes that the above situation is related to lung infection. "Mild fever" refers to syndromes rather than pathogenesis. It does not mean that the heat syndrome is not heavy, instead, it suggests that severe heat and inflammation have occurred. The indications of Xiao Chaihu Decoction combined with Maxing Shigan Decoction are as follows.(1) In terms of diseases, it is suitable for the treatment of viral pneumonia, bronchopneumonia, lobar pneumonia, mycoplasma pneumonia, COVID-19 infection, measles with pneumonia, severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS), avian influenza, H1N1 influenza, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with acute exacerbation, pertussis, and other influenza and pneumonia.(2) In terms of syndromes, it can be used for the syndromes of bitter mouth, dry pharynx, vertigo, loss of appetite, vexation, vomiting, and fullness and discomfort in the chest and hypochondrium. It can also be used to treat alternate attacks of chill and fever and different degrees of fever, as well as chest tightness, cough, asthma, expectoration, dry mouth, wanting cold drinks, feeling agitated, sweating, yellow urine, dry stool, red tongue, yellow or white fur, and floating, smooth, and powerful pulse, especially the right wrist pulse.

Connotation， Key Scientific Issues， and System Building of Classical Herbal Formulae for Critical Care Medicine / 中国实验方剂学杂志

In contemporary clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， there is a strong emphasis on treating chronic difficult diseases and preventing diseases before they occur （"pre-disease" treatment）. However， the treatment of critical care medicine has not received as much attention and is even facing a trend of diminishing influence in the field of emergency medicine and critical care. Critical care medicine refers to a class of diseases that are characterized by rapid onset， severity， quick progression， and high mortality rates in clinical practice. The growth and development of renowned TCM experts throughout history have invariably been honed through practical experiences in managing critical care medicine. Treatise on Cold Damage （《伤寒论》） is a dedicated work for treating critical care medicine， and the classic prescriptions in Treatise on Cold Damage are particularly central to the treatment of these diseases. In the current clinical context， it is important to break through the prevailing mindset that the strengths of TCM lie solely in treating chronic diseases and maintenance-type illnesses， identify the entry point of TCM in the clinical advantages in the field of critical care medicine， explore the interdisciplinary relationship between Treatise on Cold Damage and critical care medicine， enhance the ability to treat critical care medicine using classic prescriptions， establish a disciplinary system for prescription-based treatment of critical care medicine， reveal clinical evidence for prescription-based treatment of these diseases， and elevate the contribution of TCM in the domain of critical care medicine. These have become a strong call and demand in contemporary TCM clinical practice. Regarding key scientific issues， the system of using classic prescriptions to treat critical care medicine encompasses traditional core theories such as the nature of cold damage， the essence of the six meridians， the implications of specific clauses， and the dosages of classic prescriptions. In the context of future academic inheritance and system construction， it is recommended to focus on clinical challenges， break away from the current limitations of traditional classical disciplinary systems， such as their singular patterns and weak innovative and translational capabilities， suggest defining diseases in critical care medicine responding specifically to TCM， advocate a research model based on combining disease mechanisms with pathology and combining medicinal properties with pharmacology， establish a comprehensive multidisciplinary thinking mode， and encourage collaborative innovative research among medical， educational， research， and manufacturing institutions. This will help chart the path and address key aspects of constructing a comprehensive system for prescription-based treatment of critical care medicine.

Analysis ofZhangZhong-jing’s Acupuncture-moxibustion Treatment Characteristics and Academic Thought / 上海针灸杂志

This article sorts out and analyzes acupuncture-moxibustion items inTreatise on Cold Damage DiseasesandSynopsis of Prescriptions of the Golden Chamberand proposes regularities in application of and the characteristic ofZhangZhong-jing’s acupuncture and moxibustion. Acupuncture was often used for unblocking and regulating meridional qi and clearing and purging excessive heat. Moxibustion was often used for warming yang and remedying deficiency or dispersing and unblocking yang qi. Because of convenient operation, acupuncture-moxibustion therapy was often used to treatdangerous and serious diseases. Acupuncture and moxibustion were often combined with herbal prescriptions and other therapeutic methods to improve therapeutic effects, especially on difficult and complicated diseases.ZhangZhong-jing’s guiding thought ofacupuncture-moxibustion treatment first advocates treatment of diseases from the root and meanwhile, pays attention to treatment of both symptoms and causes of diseases. Secondarily, it emphasizes acupuncture-moxibustion treatment based on syndrome differentiation and especially values pulse condition, meridians and acupuncture points. It has abundant contents in treating the same disease with different methods and often selects specific acupoints. Thirdly, it favours preventive treatment of diseases, andwhether prevention of diseases before they arise or prevention of diseases from exacerbating was embodied in his acupuncture-moxibustion treatment.