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[Objective]To summarize the experience in treating malignant tumors based on the syndrome differentiation of the six meridians and the usage characteristics of classic formulas in the Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases.[Methods]Based on the analysis of the disease classification method of"six channels differentiation of syndromes"in Treatise on Febrile Diseases and Miscellaneous Diseases and the process of malignant tumor onset,advance and prognosis is dynamized and the possibility of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of malignant tumors by"preventing the disease before it changes"is explored.At the same time,the common clinical strategies for the treatment of malignant tumor adverse reactions are listed,the modern application of classic formulas in the treatment of malignant tumor according to the clinical characteristics of the disease and literature research is summarized.[Results]As a positioning method in the process of disease development,the differentiation of six meridians can indicate the depth of the disease and the state of the struggle between positive and evil Qi during the development of malignant tumors,providing theoretical reference for the formation mechanism,site of onset,and prognosis of malignant tumors.Classic formulas have the characteristics of clinical universality,standardization of addition and subtraction methods,and comprehensive participation in anti-tumor treatment,reflecting the potential advantages of traditional Chinese medicine in treating malignant tumors.Classical formulas have practical value in treating cancer fever,cancer pain,radiation inflammation,nerve damage,digestive tract reaction and so on.[Conclusion]The application of classic formulas can effectively improve the quality of life of patients with malignant tumors,with the characteristics of full process,overall,and flexibility.The role of classic formulas in the treatment of malignant tumors is worth further exploration.
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Scutellariae Radix， Coptidis Rhizoma， and Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex are three commonly used Chinese herbal medicines， and their application in classic famous prescriptions cannot be fully explained by the triple energizer classification method. This study reviewed the ancient materia medica works and elaborated on the functions of the three herbal medicines before the Song dynasty and after the Jin dynasty. The works before the Song dynasty mainly introduced the diseases treated by the three herbal medicines according to the Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica（《神农本草经》）， and the works after the Jin dynasty mainly expounded the indications of the three medicines in the Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica according to the new medical theory. Although all the three herbal medicines can treat heat syndrome， digestive system diseases， skin and mucosa diseases， they act on different targets. Scutellariae Radix can regulate Qi stagnation and reverse caused by the fire syndrome. Coptidis Rhizoma can treat excess fire and purulent bloody stool caused by the deficiency of Zang-fu organs. Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex mainly treats the diseases of the intestine and reproductive system and can kill parasites. In addition， this paper summarized the descriptions about the functions of Scutellariae Radix in eliminating blood blockage， Coptidis Rhizoma in protecting the intestine， and Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex in clearing the liver in ancient books. According to the sentences in the Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases（《伤寒杂病论》）， the application of Scutellariae Radix in Chaihu prescriptions， Coptidis Rhizoma in Baitouweng Decoction， and Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex in Zhizi Baipi Decoction confirms to the indications of the three medicines in the materia medica works before the Song Dynasty. The existing clinical and pharmacological research results confirm the indications of the three herbal medicines in the ancient works. The clinical application of the three medicines should refer to the materia medicia works before the Song dynasty， so as to achieve precise medication.
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Shaoyao Gancaotang, first seen in Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases, is composed of Paeoniae Radix Alba and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle in equal proportion.It has the functions of preserving Yin to nourish blood, harmonizing liver and spleen, relieving spasm and pain.This formula is applied in leg and foot spasm and abdominal pain caused by blood deficiency, body fluid consuming and the unmoistened muscles and veins.It has been highly praised and used by medical experts throughout the ages and has extended its application scope.Modern pharmacological studies have shown that Shaoyao Gancaotang has significant effects in antispasmodic, analgesic, antitussive and other areas, and is used to treat spastic diseases, painful diseases, inflammatory diseases and so on.This paper will systematically elaborate the historical evolution, compatibility analysis, pharmacological and pharmacodynamic studies, modern clinical application of Shaoyao Gancaotang, in order to provide theoretical basis and reference for the development of this famous classical formula.
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"If slight diarrhoea, replacing Ephedra with Daphninae"under the article 40 of Treatise on Febrile Diseasesis is controversial. There are two different opions in all physicians, one explaination it is in line with Zhang Zhongjing but without the evidence about"replacing Ephedra with Daphninae"; the other is that Daphninae is too strong to apply in diarrhoea. According to the analysis on Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases, the slight diarrhoea is the phenomenon of Vital qi exorcism. The reason why replacing Ephedra owing to exogenous evil disappearance, the construction of Daphninae Pinellia ternate and Paeony is to expell the water on the leaving way. And we draw a conclusion that the function of Paeony in Xiaoqinglong decoction is inclined to be expelling Water Qi.
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Objective]To explore the relationship between Yin-wei theory and clinical practice ,and to discuss how to apply Yin-wei theory to solve practical problems in clinical situation.[Methods]We start from the Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) classics Nei Jing(the Canon of Internal Medicine) and Nan Jing(Canon On Eighty-One Difficult Issues),combined with Zhang Zhongjing’s application of Guizhi decoction in his book“Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases”to explore the cause and effect of Yin-wei theory and to comprehensively analyze its underlying thought .[Results]We found that Guizhi decoction in the“Treatise on Febrile Diseases”was not only applied in the chapter Taiyang disease,but also involved in other four chapters of Shaoyin disease and the chapter of cholera disease.In“Synopsis of Golden Chamber”,Guizhi decoction was used to treat vomitus gravidarum and affection by cold after delivery,while in Zhongjing’s practice,Guizhi decoction derived formula was widely used in the treatment of consumptive internal injuries miscellaneous disease,indicating that many internal injuries miscellaneous diseases were closely related to external infection .Tonic medicines were rarely seen alone in classical consumptive disease treatment.[Conclusion]Practice has proven that deep learning and understanding of Yin-wei theory has great guiding significance for us to put knowledge in TCM classic theories into clinical practice .Yin-wei theory opens an important window to learn“Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases”and trains clinical thinking,which is worth further discussion.