Discussion on syndrome differentiation and treatment of acupuncture-moxibustion encephalopathy based on Shi's Xingnao Kaiqiao theory / 国际中医中药杂志

By exploring the core ideas of the "Xingnao Kaiqiao" theory, analyzing the relationship between the "Xingnao Kaiqiao" theory and the TCM encephalopathy, and exploring the necessity of acupuncture for the treatment of TCM encephalopathy, in order to clarify how to diagnose and treat brain diseases in acupuncture and moxibustion. The "Xingnao Kaiqiao" is the core of the theory of the "Tiaoshen", the acupuncture of "Xingnao Kaiqiao" was based on the principle of "Xingnao","Xingshen" and "Tiaoshen", the idea of the "Tiaoshen" was inseparable from the diagnosis and treatment of the TCM encephalopathy. Based on the special features of acupuncture therapy and complexity and particularity of TCM encephalopathy, acupuncture and moxibustion treatment of encephalopathy was supposed to have their own unique system of syndrome differentiation and treatment. During the practice of acupuncture, the diagnosis and treatment of TCM encephalopathy should be based on "brain", "Xingnao Tiaoshen" as a general rule, adding and subtracting from the main points of the "Xingnao Kaiqiao", and the different brain diseases are matched with appropriate treatments.

Intravenous ultrasound for evaluating atherosclerotic plaque characteristics of different type traditional Chinese medicine syndrome of coronary heart disease / 中国医学影像技术

Objective To observe characteristics of atherosclerotic plaque of coronary heart disease(CHD)with different traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome type based on intravenous ultrasound(IVUS).Methods Data of 116 CHD patients were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into syndrome of blood stasis due to qi deficiency(n=33),syndrome of blockade of phlegm-turbidity(n=42)as well as syndrome of intermin-gled phlegm and blood stasis(n=41)according to TCM syndrome differentiation.IVUS was performed to compare lesion vessel and plaque characteristics among different syndromic types of CHD.Results The lipid pool area,extravascular elastic membrane area,remodeling index,plaque eccentricity index of CHD with syndrome of blood stasis due to qi deficiency were all larger than those of syndrome of blockade of phlegm-turbidity as well as syndrome of intermin-gled phlegm and blood stasis(all P＜0.05).The proportion of fibrous-fatty within plaques of syndrome of blood stasis due to qi deficiency was bigger than that of syndrome of intermin-gled phlegm and blood stasis(P＜0.05).The lipid pool area,extravascular elastic membrane area and plaque eccentricity index of CHD of syndrome of blockade of phlegm-turbidity were smaller than,while the proportion of necrotic core within plaques was bigger than those of syndrome of intermin-gled phlegm and blood stasis(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Atherosclerotic plaque characteristics in CHD with different TCM syndrome types were different,and the plaque stability of syndrome of blood stasis due to qi deficiency was the worst.

Study on the Treatment of Post-Stroke Depression by Five Elements Music Concrete Hypnosis Technique Based on the Thought of Modulating the Spirit / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective]To elaborate the significance of modulating the spirit and the mechanism of five elements music concrete hypnosis technique,so as to provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of clinical post-stroke depression.[Methods]From the perspective of"modulating the spirit",this paper expounds the significance of five elements music concrete hypnosis technique in"modulating the spirit"by studying ancient and modern literature,explores its mechanism of action,and introduces five elements music concrete hypnosis technique in detail,and finally analyzes it combining with the clinical trial results.[Results]"Those who have the spirit prosper,those who are absent-minded die",modulating the spirit plays an important role in the treatment of clinical diseases,especially in the treatment of psychosomatic diseases.Five elements music concrete hypnosis technique plays a role in regulating the spirit by vibrating viscera,deducing concrete thinking,condensing breath and gathering Qi.The clinical application has achieved satisfactory results.[Conclusion]Five elements music concrete hypnosis technique in the treatment of post-stroke depression fully embodies the thought of"regulating the spirit"of traditional Chinese medicine,and its curative effect is considerable,which is worthy of further exploration and promotion.

JIA Yingjie's Experience in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Esophageal Cancer / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective]To summarize the clinical experience of Professor JIA Yingjie,a renowned traditional Chinese medicine practitioner in the treatment of esophageal cancer.[Methods]Through clinical following up,collect and analyze Professor JIA's understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of esophageal cancer and related medication,and a case of was attached as evidence.[Results]Professor JIA believes that the pathogenesis of esophageal cancer can be summarized as"phlegm coagulation and Qi stagnation"in the early stage,"primitive deficiency"in the late stage as a whole,"phlegm and blood stasis intermingle,Qi and blood stasis obstruct the diaphragm"in local areas,phlegm,Qi,and blood stasis solidify and poison transform into cancer turbidity,and block and form tumors.Clinical differentiation and treatment should always focus on"Qi",with a particular emphasis on regulating the"Qi mechanism".The lungs,spleen and liver are in sync,and dynamic differentiation and treatment should be carried out based on the characteristics of the patient's tongue and pulse.Medication should emphasize the use of"strengthening the body resistance righting"and"dispelling pathogenic factors"to achieve the dissipation of blood stasis,the elimination of cancer toxins and the opening of the diaphragm.[Conclusion]Based on the characteristics of esophageal cancer and the patient's physical constitution,Professor JIA combines disease and syndrome differentiation in treating esophageal cancer,providing a certain reference value and new path for clinical medication.

Treatment of Respiratory Diseases with Banxia Houputang： A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Respiratory diseases are common， frequently-occurring clinical diseases. As the prevalence rate is increasing year by year， they have become a problem that seriously affects public health. The diseases are mainly located in the lung by traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome differentiation. Lung governs Qi and controls breathing and is also an organ for the storage of phlegm. Clinically， phlegm and Qi are often used for the treatment. Banxia Houputang （BHT）， originated from Synopsis of the Golden Chamber （《金匮要略》）， was used to treat plum-stone Ai （globus hystericus） at first. It is composed of Rhizoma Pinelliae， Cortex Magnoliae Offcinalis， Poria， Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens， and Folium Perillae， and treats diseases with the core pathogensis of mutual obstruction of phlegm and Qi. BHT has the effects of moving Qi， dissipating mass， descending adverse Qi， and resolving phlegm， which basically correspond to the pathological characteristics of the lungs. Clinical studies have confirmed that modified BHT can be used either alone or in combination with western medicine to treat chronic pharyngitis， asthma， chronic obstructive pulmonary disease， pneumonia， obstructive sleep apnea， upper airway cough syndrome and other respiratory diseases， with significant effects. It effectively improves the symptoms and signs of the diseases and reduces the recurrence rate. Basic research has shown that BHT plays anti-inflammatory， anti-oxidative stress， anti-apoptotic， autophagy-regulating， and iron overload-regulating roles by regulating the targets in multiple pathways. This paper， by combing the relevant literature in recent years， conducted a systematic review on BHT from the three aspects of syndrome analysis， clinical treatment research and mechanism research， with a view to providing theoretical basis and reference for the mechanism research of BHT in treating respiratory diseases and for expanding its clinical application.

Effect of acupuncture combined with low frequency rTMS on comorbid mild-to-moderate depressive disorder and insomnia: a randomized controlled trial / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the impacts of acupuncture on depressive mood and sleep quality in patients with comorbid mild-to-moderate depressive disorder and insomnia, and explore its effect mechanism.@*METHODS@#A total of 60 patients with comorbid mild-to-moderate depressive disorder and insomnia were randomly divided into an observation group (30 cases, 1 case dropped off) and a control group (30 cases, 2 cases dropped off). In the observation group, acupuncture and low frequency repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) were combined for the intervention. Acupuncture was applied to Baihui (GV 20), Yintang (GV 24+), Neiguan (PC 6) and Yanglingquan (GB 34), etc., the needles were retained for 30 min; and the intradermal needles were embedded at Xinshu (BL 15) and Danshu (BL 19) for 2 days. After acupuncture, the rTMS was delivered at the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (R-DLPFC), with 1 Hz and 80% of movement threshold, lasting 30 min in each treatment. In the control group, the sham-acupuncture was adopted, combined with low frequency rTMS. The acupoint selection and manipulation were the same as the observation group. In the two groups, acupuncture was given once every two days, 3 times weekly; while, rTMS was operated once daily, for consecutive 5 days a week. The duration of treatment consisted of 4 weeks. Hamilton depression scale-17 (HAMD-17) and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) scores were observed before and after treatment, as well as 1 month after the treatment completion (follow-up period) separately. Besides, the levels of nerve growth factor (BDNF) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the serum were detected before and after treatment in the two groups.@*RESULTS@#After treatment and in follow-up, the HAMD-17 scores were lower than those before treatment in the two groups (P<0.05), and the scores in the observation group were lower than the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the total scores and the scores of each factor of PSQI were reduced in the two groups in comparison with those before treatment except for the score of sleep efficiency in the control group (P<0.05); the total PSQI score and the scores for sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep efficiency and daytime dysfunction in the observation group were all lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). In the follow-up, except for the scores of sleep duration and sleep efficiency in the control group, the total PSQI score and the scores of all the other factors were reduced compared with those before treatment in the two groups (P<0.05); the total PSQI score and the scores of sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, sleep efficiency and daytime dysfunction in the observation group were lower than the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of serum BDNF and GABA were increased in comparison with those before treatment in the observation group (P<0.05), and the level of serum BDNF was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Acupuncture relieves depressive mood and improves sleep quality in patients with comorbid mild-to-moderate depressive disorder and insomnia. The effect mechanism may be related to the regulation of BDNF and GABA levels and the promotion of brain neurological function recovery.

Exploring acupuncture treatment strategies for snoring based on meridian theory / 中国针灸

Starting from the perspective of meridian theory, this article briefly analyzes the meridian pathophysiology of snoring and the relationship between snoring and meridian theory. It proposes that acupuncture treatment for snoring should focus on regulating qi from the shaoyang meridians, harmonizing the spirit by the governor vessel, resolving phlegm through the three yang meridians, and harmonizing qi and blood from the yangming meridians. Additionally, attention is placed on both the root cause and the symptoms, the theory of "four seas". The ultimate goal is to promote the flow of meridian and qi-blood, improve symptoms such as nighttime snoring, poor sleep quality, and daytime sleepiness, and achieve the desired outcome of stopping snoring and ensuring restful sleep.

Research Progress of Chinese Medicine on Generalized Anxiety Disorder / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

Generalized Anxiety Disorder(GAD)is a common mental illness with anxiety as its main clinical symptom.Its prevalence is increasing year by year,and it has the risk of chronic disability,which seriously affects human physical and mental health.This article mainly from the etiology and pathogenesis,syndrome differentiation and treatment method has combed the GAD′s research progress of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),the results show that the occurrence of GAD may be a stimulus such as poor social life events,applies to susceptible individuals,heart and other internal viscera function disorder,further produce sputum,drinks,water,dampness,blood stasis,fire as the main etiology and pathogenesis,pathological factors.The syndrome differentiation types are mainly heart and kidney non-communication type,liver stagnation and fire type,phlegm and fire on the disturbance type,heart and spleen deficiency type,heart and gallbladder qi deficiency and Yin deficiency internal heat type.Treatment mainly include syndrome differentiation and treatment,acupuncture and massage,etc.,the clinical curative effect is distinct,and the forward curative effect is superior to western medicine treatment,but there is also a lack of objective and syndromes curative effect evaluation standard,lack of the mechanism and system of TCM in the treatment of GAD targets into issues of scientific research,in order to optimization and the pathogenesis of GAD for the future of the diagnosis and treatment to provide reference for further studies.

Analysis of Professor LAO Changhui's Experience in Differentiating and Treating Postinfective Cough / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective]To review and summarize the academic experience of Professor LAO Changhui in the treatment of postinfective cough.[Methods]By clinical shadowing,recording medical cases and reviewing literature,the clinical experience of Professor LAO in the treatment of postinfective cough was summarized from three aspects:etiology and pathogenesis,clinical treatment,feeding and nursing.Two medical records were attached to support it.[Results]Professor LAO believes that the postinfective cough belongs to the category of cough in traditional Chinese medicine and the key of differentiation lies in external and internal injury.The treatment should be carried out according to the physiological characteristics of lung"preferring moist,hating dryness and not resistant to cold",and prescription should be based on pathological products and functions of Zang-Fu organs.Xuanfei Huatan Decoction and Shegan Mahuang Decoction were the main prescriptions for patients whose postinfective cough was caused by external factors;while Liujunzi Decoction was the main prescription for patients whose postinfective cough caused by internal injury.This article also discussed dietary therapy for cough after infection.In the first case cited,Professor LAO identified it as phlegmatic hygrosis syndrome,and used Shegan Mahuang Decoction.By warming the lung and evaporating fluid,the lung can restore the function of dispersiveness.In the second case,Professor LAO identified it as liver depression and Qi stagnation,and used Banxia Xiexin Decoction.By soothing the liver and regulating Qi,balancing cold and heat,making the Qi movement normal,all symptoms were relieved.[Conclusion]Professor LAO focuses on the differentiation of external and internal injuries in the treatment of postinfective cough,emphasizes the combination of disease and syndrome differentiation,adds or subtracts drugs according to the pathological products of patients and the function of Zang-Fu organs,pays attention to diet care,and has achieved stable clinical efficacy,which is convenient for clinical application and promotion.

Traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation and treatment of Graves disease complicated by pancytopenia / 中国基层医药

Pancytopenia is one of the serious complications of Graves disease, and its clinical treatment is quite challenging. Based on traditional Chinese medicine theory and combining with literature reports and clinical practice in China, we discuss the etiology, pathogenesis, and syndromes-based treatment of pancytopenia, hoping to open up new treatment approaches, guide clinical practice, and improve treatment effectiveness.

Treatment of Patients with Mediate-Risk Pure Ground Glass Pulmonary Nodules Based on the State Theory：A Prospective Randomize-controlled Clinical Observation / 中医杂志

ObjectiveTo observe the clinical efficacy and safety of treating mediate-risk pure ground glass pulmonary nodules （pGGNs） based on the state theory. MethodsA prospective clinical randomized controlled trial was used. Totally 141 cases of mediate-risk pGGNs were divided into treatment group （92 cases） and control group （49 cases） according to the random table method. The treatment group was given the basic Sanjie Formula （基础散结方） orally with modification according to the identification of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） state， 1 dose per day， 3 months as a course of treatment.Three months after the treatment patients were checked by CT. Patients who were clinically judged as cure， moderate to low risk， and turned to surgical resection do not carry out a second course of treatment，and the rest of the patients continued to complete the second courses. Patients in the control group did not receive any treatment and were only followed up periodically. Patients in both groups received a CT review 3 months and 6 months after enrolled. Comprehensive curative effect was evaluated according to the reduction rate of the area of pulmonary nodules shown in chest CT， to further explore the clinical effective difference for patients at different TCM state； the risk of malignancy index （Mayo score） was calculated by Mayo model at enrollment and 3 months and 6 months after enrolled. Adverse events were monitored continuously during the study. ResultsDuring the follow-up， 8 cases in the treatment group and 7 cases in the control group were lost. A total of 126 cases completed the whole process， including 84 cases in the treatment group and 42 cases in the control group. The total effective rates at 3 months and 6 months of the treatment group were 46.15% （30/65） and 45.71% （32/70） in the treatment group， while the total effective rates at 3 months and 6 months in the control group were 12.5% （4/32） and 10.00% （4/40）. Compared with the control group， the comprehensive curative effect of 3 months and 6 months of enrollment in treatment group was significantly better than that in corresponding control group （P＜0.01）. The pulmonary nodule area and Mayo score in the treatment group decreased after 3 and 6 months of enrollment （P＜0.01）. In contrast， there was no statistically significant difference in nodule area between pre- and post-enrollment time points in the control group （P＞0.05）， and probability of Mayo risk increased in the control group after 6 months of enrollment compared to pre-enrollment （P＜0.05）. Among the 84 patients in the treatment group， there were 15 cases of qi deficiency state， 7 cases of yin deficiency state， 5 cases of yang deficiency state， 20 cases of qi depression state， 32 cases of damp-heat state， and 5 cases of harmonious state； the difference in the distribution of the total clinical effective rate of the patients with different TCM states after treatment was statistically significant （P＜0.05）， and the total effective rate of two-by-two comparison of qi depression state was higher （13/20，65.00%） than that of the total effective rate of damp-heat state （8/32，25.00%， P＜0.00833）. There were no significant changes in blood routine， urine routine， liver function and kidney function in both groups， and no adverse events occurred. ConclusionTreating mediate-risk pGGNs based on the state theory can effectively reduce the area of pulmonary nodules and inhibit the growth of malignant risk of pulmonary nodules.

Clinical study on the comprehensive treatment of diet and Chinese medicine on type 2 diabetes mellitus based on pattern differentiation / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To explore the effectiveness and safety of comprehensive treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) based on syndrome differentiation and diet.Methods:Prospective clinical study. A total of 147 patients with T2DM from September 2021 to August 2022 who met the inclusion criteria were included in the self-controlled trial. On the basis of diet and exercise intervention, the subjects were treated and observed with comprehensive treatment based on syndrome differentiation for 120 days. The main outcome indicators including TCM symptom score, fasting blood glucose (FPG), 2 hPG, HbA1c , Fasting insulin (FINS), C-peptide(C-PR), and the secondary outcome indicators including blood lipid (TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C), blood pressure, and safety indicators were performed before and after treatment.Results:After treatment, the FPG of subjects decreased from (8.75±2.26) mmol/L to (7.05±1.23) mmol/L, 2 hPG decreased from (10.75±3.01) mmol/L to (7.07±0.78) mmol/L, HbA1c decreased from (6.82±1.47)% to (5.49±0.63)%, and FINS decreased from (15.4±9.33) μIU/ml to (8.82±7.28) μIU/ml, C-PR decreases from (1.95±0.91) nmol/L to (1.72±1.53) nmol/L, SBP decreased from (137.51±17.94) mmHg to (125.79±7.57) mmHg, DBP decreased from (82.85±9.65) mmHg to (77.54±6.21) mmHg,TG decreased from (1.57±1.04) mmol/L to (1.25±1.24) mmol/L, HDL-C increased from　(1.48±0.41) mmol/L to (1.66±0.46)mmol/L. The above differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The comprehensive treatment of T2DM based on syndrome differentiation and diet can significantly reduce the blood glucose indicators including FPG, 2 hPG, HbA1c, FINS and C-PR, and benefit blood pressure and blood lipids with no adverse reactions.

Clinical research progress of Traditional Chinese Medicine treating precancerous lesions of gastric cancer with syndrome differentiation / 国际中医中药杂志

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has certain advantages in the treatment of precancerous lesions of gastric cancer (PLGC) based on the holistic concept and the thought of syndrome differentiation. Currently, it is generally divided into 6 kinds of syndromes: liver and stomach qi stagnation syndrome, liver and stomach heat stagnation syndrome, spleen and stomach weakness syndrome (including spleen and stomach qi deficiency syndrome with coldness), spleen and stomach damp heat syndrome, stomach yin deficiency syndrome and blood stasis in stomach collateral syndrome. Clinically, the doctor should treat PLGC patients according to different syndrome types by using Chinese medicine prescription, which could improve the gastric mucosal pathological state, gastroscopy and clinical symptoms, to rehibit the development of precancerous lesions, reduce the incidence rate of gastric cancer. In the future, the doctors shouldreach the consensus of treating PLGC with TCM diagnosis, and focus on the research of TCM compounds or monomers with obvious curative effect, increase the times of follow-up, and evaluate the long-term curative effect.

Impact of Yuyetang on Cognitive Impairment of Rats with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Based on Regulation of Ghrelin Level / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo observe the regulatory effect of Yuyetang on Ghrelin level in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM）-induced cognitive impairment （DCI） and explore the pathway in the prevention and treatment of DCI. MethodThe T2DM model was induced in rats by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin （STZ） combined with the high-fat and high-sugar diet （STZ）. The model rats were divided into model group， metformin group （200 mg·kg-1）， and low-，medium-， and high-dose Yuyetang groups（4.575，9.15， 18.3 g·kg-1）according to the blood glucose， with 10 rats in each group. A normal group was also set up. The rats were administered with corresponding drugs by gavage for 30 days， and the body weight and blood glucose of the rats in each group were observed and recorded. After drug intervention， the learning and memory abilities of rats were tested by the Morris water maze. After the test， the whole brains of rats were sampled for hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining to observe the pathological changes in the hippocampal CA1 region， and the expression of Ghrelin in gastric tissues and hippocampal CA1 region was detected by immunohistochemistry. ResultCompared with the normal group ， the model group showed increased blood glucose（P<0.01），reduced body weight（P<0.01），prolonged escape latency（P<0.05，P<0.01）， shortened retention time and movement distance in the target area，decreased number of platform crossings（P<0.01）， abnormal morphology and structure of cells with disordered arrangement and reduced number in the hippocampal CA1 region， and decreased expression of Ghrelin in the serum，hippocampal CA1 region， and gastric tissues（P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the medium- and high-dose Yuyetang groups showed increased body weight， while all Yuyetang groups showed reduced blood glucose（P<0.01）， shortened escape latency （P<0.05）， prolonged retention time and movement distance in the target area，increased platform crossings （P<0.05， P<0.01）， improved morphology and structure of cells， increased number of normal cell in the hippocampal CA1 region， and elevated Ghrelin levels in the serum， gastric tissues， and hippocampal CA1 region（P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionYuyetang can effectively improve the cognitive ability of DCI rats， and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of Ghrelin levels in the serum， hippocampal CA1 region， and gastric tissues.

Treating children's tic disorder based on " visceral theory" from lung, liver and spleen / 国际中医中药杂志

The pathogenesis of tic disorder in children is closely related to the dysfunction of the internal organs, especially the lung, spleen and liver. The main causes of tic disorder caused by visceral disorders are as follows: lung guard is the main cause of the disease, liver wind is the key to the pathogenesis and spleen deficiency and wind phlegm are the pathological basis. At the same time, the lung, liver, and spleen are mutually restrictive and affect each other. The main manifestations are that if the lung is affected by evil, the wood will punish the gold; if the spleen is insufficiency and the liver is hyperactive, the earth deficiency will be leading to over-restriction by wood. Based on the understanding of the related theories about viscera's disease and viscera's generation, we pay attention to distinguish the etiology and pathogenesis of the viscera, and we treat tic disorders based on syndrome differentiation of lung, liver and spleen with curative effect.

Overview of clinical researches on treating benign prostatic hyperplasia by acupuncture and moxibustion / 国际中医中药杂志

Acupuncture for Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) pays attention to the syndrome differentiation theory, but also emphasizes the differentiation of the meridians, to obtain the better effective. At present, the clinical treatment of BPH is mainly based on deep acupuncture with filiform needle, electroacupuncture, warm acupuncture and moxibustion and comprehensive treatment of acupuncture and moxibustion, especially the comprehensive treatment of warm acupuncture combined with needle, Traditional Chinese Medicine and western medicine. Acupuncture treatment of BPH can reduce the prostate volume of patients, improve their lower urinary tract symptoms, improve their quality of life, without sever adverse events. BPH patients are often accompanied by emotional problems. It is suggested that acupuncture "treating spirit" should be further developed in clinical treatment to promote the application of acupuncture in the treatment of this disease.

Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy Based on Theory of Generation and Restriction Among Five Elements / 中国实验方剂学杂志

The theory of generation and restriction among five elements， as one of the basic theories in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， reveals that treating disease should focus on the root. Since its first record in Huangdi's Internal Classic （Huang Di Nei Jing）， this theory has been covered in many chapters of Synopsis of the Golden Chamber （Jin Gui Yao Lue） and further developed by physicians of later generations， allowing it to serve as a guide for clinical treatment of various diseases. Diabetic nephropathy （DN） is one of the most common complications of diabetes and also a main risk factor for death and disability by virtue of the long-term disease course and complex symptoms. At present， no specific drug is available in western medicine. Considering the close relationship of its complicated etiology and pathogenesis with the five zang organs， DN treatment should focus not only on the kidney， but also other zang organs. Guided by the theory of generation and restriction among five elements， this article believes that DN mainly results from kidney deficiency combined with spleen deficiency and its dysfunction in regulating the water passage. In addition， the exuberance of heart fire and the failure of liver to govern the free flow of Qi are also responsible for the occurrence of DN. Clinically， the therapeutic methods proposed based on theory of generation and restriction among five elements are recommended for DN treatment after the differentiation of actual manifestations into specific syndromes. Specifically， the method of replenishing Huo to nourish Tu is applicable to DN patients with spleen and kidney yang deficiency， the method of nourishing Shui to moisten Mu to those with liver and kidney yin deficiency， the method of mutual generation between Jin and Shui to those with lung and kidney yin deficiency， the method of banking up Tu to generate Jin to those with lung and spleen Qi deficiency， the method of purging the heart and tonifying the kidney to those with non-interaction between heart and kidney， and the method of banking up Tu to control Shui to those with spleen deficiency and fluid retention. Such timely and effective interventions are conducive to delaying the development of DN to end-stage renal disease （ESRD） and improving the clinical outcomes. This article discusses the application of the theory of generation and restriction among five elements in TCM to DN treatment， aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the future application of such new diagnosis and treatment ideas.

Cognition of traditional Chinese medicine properties and thinking of clinical rational use of drug / 中国中药杂志

This paper discusses the rational use of traditional Chinese medicine based on chemical composition, body state and biological effect. The essence and connotations of traditional Chinese medicine are explained by modern scientific theory and technical means, and the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of diseases is defined in modern medicine language, which is conducive to promoting rational and safe clinical use of drugs. Based on the chemical composition of traditional Chinese medicine,the selected genuine medicinal materials were collected and processed in a standardized way, and then used in the combination with other traditional Chinese medicines, with the aim to improve the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine in clinical indications, increase the advantages, eliminate the disadvantages, and adapt to flexible and safe clinical drug demands. Based on the body state elements, clinical diagnosis and treatment shall be patient-centered, and doctors shall distinguish the differences of pathogenesis, symptoms and diseases, and consider the drug contraindications of special groups. According to the " dose-effect-toxicity" relationship, doctors shall select the appropriate dosage form, control the drug dosage, balance the benefits and risks of drugs, and carry out appropriate medical treatment. Based on the biological effect elements and the regulatory mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine on the target and pathway of disease, traditional Chinese medicine shall strengthen the precise positioning, provide accurate treatment; evaluate the safety of traditional Chinese medicine combination, explore the adverse reaction mechanism, strengthen the clinical safety monitoring of traditional Chinese medicine, and guide the clinical rational use of drugs, in the expectation of ensuring the safe use of traditional Chinese medicine and maximize the clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine.

Novel coronavirus pneumonia in the primary general hospital of treatment based on traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation and prevention / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective@#To observe the curative effect of TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment for novel coronavirus pneumonia (novel coronavirus pneumonia, NCP) patients and the preventive effect for Chinese medical staff.@*Methods@#A total of 62 NCP suspected patients admitted in 2020 were treated with TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment, as well as our hospital medical staff with No.1-4 hospital prescription.@*Results@#After taking traditional Chinese medicine, 16 out of 25 NCP suspected patients with phlegm heat stagnating lung syndrome were discharged to home for isolation observation, 4 patients hospitalized for observation, and 5 patients confirmed with NCP. For 15 patients with phlegm dampness accumulating lung syndrome, 7 patients were discharged to home for isolation observation, 3 patients were hospitalized for observation and 5 patients have been confirmed. For 18 patients with spleen stomach disharmony syndrome, 15 patients were discharged to home for isolation observation, 1 patient was hospitalized for observation and 2 patients have been confirmed. For 4 patients with Qi deficiency and dampness stagnation syndrome were discharged to home for isolation observation, 1 patient was hospitalized for observation, and two have been confirmed. The duration of taking traditional Chinese medicine was 1 to 20 days from admission to be discharged. The doctors and nurses who took the prescription of TCM for 12 to 15 days have been prevented from NCP infection.@*Conclusions@#The clinical effect and the preventive effect of TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment for NCP have been proved to be satisfactory. TCM can go into the primary hospital for treatment and prevention on NCP.

International Clinical Practice Guideline of Traditional Chinese Medicine ‧ Viral Myocarditis / 中国实验方剂学杂志

At present, viral myocarditis is still an important problem to be solved in clinical practice. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has unique advantages in the treatment of this disease. However, there is still a lack of relevant clinical practice guidelines to standardize and guide the diagnosis and treatment of this disease by TCM. Within the framework of relevant laws, regulations and technical guidance documents, International Clinical Practice Guideline of Traditional Chinese Medicine·Viral Myocarditis was developed by consensus of experts through the classification of evidences and recommendation of opinions based on relevant clinical research evidences at home and abroad in recent years. This guideline introduces the diagnosis, etiology, pathogenesis, syndrome differentiation and treatment, acupuncture treatment, prevention and rehabilitation of viral myocarditis. And it will provide guidance for clinicians of TCM and integrated Chinese and western medicine engaged in the prevention and treatment of viral myocarditis.