RESUMEN
The tumor microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is complex, leading to the high heterogeneity, occurrence and development of HCC. Exosomes are one of the most important components of HCC tumor microenvironment. Exosomes are membranous vesicles with the diameter about 40~160 nm, consisting with protein, nucleic acid and other substances, and can carry out signal transmission between cells. The information regulation of HCC-derived exosomes in the tumor microenvironment has a significant impact on the malignant biological behavior of HCC. In recent years, studies on the role of exosomes in the detection, treatment and prognosis of HCC have been made in-depth. This review focused on the role of exosomes in the biological process of HCC microenvironment, and discusses the research progress of exosomes in the HCC angiogenesis, metastasis, epithelial-mesenchymal transformation and immune regulation and so on.
RESUMEN
Los aceleradores y los detectores utilizados en las investigaciones en física de partículas sirven y han servido desde hace más de 100 años para la detección y cura de enfermedades. Gracias a los avances en la física experimental de partículas, se han desarrollado a lo largo de los años aceleradores más potentes y sistemas de detección más precisos y sofisticados. Estos, conjuntamente con los modernos sistemas de cómputo, han permitido aplicaciones hasta hace poco tiempo impensadas en la medicina. En este trabajo se esboza la historia de estos instrumentos, sus principios de funcionamiento y sus ventajas en las aplicaciones médicas, especialmente en el campo de la detección y tratamiento de tumores.
Accelerators and detectors used in particle physics research have been used for more than 100 years for detection and cure of diseases. Thanks to the progress in experimental particle physics, more powerful accelerators and more precise and sophisticated systems have been developed. These, together with modern computation systems have enabled applications in medicine not even thought of until recently. This work outlines the history of these instruments, their working principles and advantages for health applications, especially in the field of tumor detection and treatment.
Os aceleradores e os detectores utilizados nas pesquisas em física de partículas servem e têm servido já faz mais de 100 anos para a detecção e cura de doenças. Devido aos avanços na física experimental de partículas, aceleradores mais potentes e sistemas de detecção mais precisos e sofisticados têm sido desenvolvidos ao longo dos anos. Eles, junto com os modernos sistemas de cômputo, permitiram aplicações até pouco tempo atrás impensadas em medicina. Neste trabalho esboçamos a história destes instrumentos, seus princípios de funcionamento e suas vantagens nas aplicações médicas, especialmente no campo da detecção e tratamento de tumores.