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Objective To evaluate the agreement between contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging and histopathology in rabbit model of abdominal aortic atherosclerosis (AS)in early and development period.Methods Twenty-four healthy Japanese white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups:control group,hypercholesterolemic diet group for 8 weeks and 16 weeks (each for 8 rabbits).Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography for abdominal aorta was performed using sonicated perfluorocarbon albumin contrast agent.Imaging characteristics of abdominal aorta plaque of rabbits were monitored by two-dimensional mode,ultrasound visual grades were analyzed quantitatively before and after injection of contrast agent.Histopathologic changes were observed by HE staining.Results Contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging allowed early detection of AS and showed gradual progression of atherosclerosis over time.After contrast agent injected,intimal indentification and plaques checking-out ratio were improved.The ultrasound visual grades were increased after contrast imaging in hypercholesterolemic diet group for 8 weeks [(2.26± 0.27)vs.(1.79 ±0.25)] and 16 weeks [(3.54 ±0.43) vs.(3.20 ±0.25)] (all P＜0.05).The plaque detection rate was improved after contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging than before angiography in hypercholesterolemic diet group for 8 weeks [77.8％ (7/9) vs.55.6％ (5/9)] and 16 weeks [88.2％ (15/17) vs.70.6％ (12/17)](P ＞ 0.05).The imaging of ultrasound agreed well with pathological examination results.Conclusions Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography can effectively improve intimal and plaque imaging,and increase the detection accuracy of early and progressive pathology.
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Objective To investigate the effect of ultrasound-guided transverses abdominis plane (TAP)block on the efficacy of postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy. Methods Sixty ASA Ⅰ - Ⅱ patients scheduled for abdominal hysterectomy under general anesthesia were randomly divided into 2groups (n = 30 each): ropivacaine group (group R) and normal saline (group NS). After induction of anesthesia,ultrasound-guided bilateral TAP block was performed, and 0.375% ropivacaine 40 ml was injected in group R,while the equal volume of normal saline was used instead in group NS. The patients received patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) with sufentanil after operation. The VAS score was maintained ≤ 3, the level of sedation was evaluated with Ramsay sedation score, and the comfort level was evaluated with Bruggrmann comfort scale (BCS) score at 2, 6, 8, 12 and 24 h after operation. The hemodynamic parameters were recorded. The consumption of sufentanil during operation and within 24 h after operation, the number of successfully delivered doses ( D1 )and the number of attempts ( D2 ) within 24 h after operation were recorded. D1/D2 was calculated. The adverse reactions were also recorded. Results SP, DP, HR, SpO2 and RR were in the normal range and there was no significant differences between the two groups ( P ＞ 0.05). The consumption of sufentanil were significantly lower,while the BCS score and D1/D2 higher in group R than in group NS (P ＜ 0.05). There were no adverse reactions in both groups. Conclusion Ultrasound-guided TAP block reduces the perioperative sufentanil consumption and enhances the efficacy of postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy.