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ObjectiveTo observe the effect of augmented reality training based on enriched environment on walking dysfunction after stroke. MethodsFrom January, 2021 to June, 2022, 36 stroke patients in the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School were randomly divided into control group (n = 18) and experimental group (n = 18). Both groups received conventional rehabilitation treatment. The control group was supplemented with conventional walking training, and the experimental group was supplemented with augmented reality training based on enriched environment, for four weeks. They were assessed with Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT), 10-meter walk test (10MWT) and Barthel Index (BI) before and after treatment, and the gait parameter was compared. ResultsNo adverse event occurred during treatment. After treatment, the BBS score, TUGT time, 10MWT speed, BI, gait speed, gait frequency and the proportion of single-leg support on the affected side significantly improved in both groups (|t| > 5.161, P < 0.001). All the above indexes were better in the experimental group than in the control group (|t| > 2.106, P < 0.05), except for BI (t = 1.099, P = 0.282). ConclusionAugmented reality training based on enriched environment could improve the walking function of paitents after stroke, which is better than conventional walking training.
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ObjectiveTo explore the effects of different intensity of wearable lower limb rehabilitation robot-assisted training on walking function, lower limb motor function, balance function and functional independence of stroke patients. MethodsFrom November, 2021 to December, 2022, 60 stroke patients hospitalized in Beijing Bo'ai Hospital were randomly divided into control group (n = 20), observation group 1 (n = 20) and observation group 2 (n = 20). All the groups received routine rehabilitation, while the control group received routine walking training 30 minutes a day, the observation group 1 received wearable lower limb rehabilitation robot-assisted training 30 minutes a day, and the observation group 2 received wearable lower limb rehabilitation robot-assisted training 60 minutes a day, for four weeks. They were assessed with Functional Ambulation Category scale (FAC), Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Lower Extremities (FMA-LE), Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Rivermead Mobility Index (RMI) before and after treatment. ResultsOne case in the observation group 1 and three cases in the observation group 2 dropped down. The FAC, FMA-LE, BBS and RMI scores improved in all the three groups after treatment (|Z| > 3.448, |t| > 8.102, P < 0.001), and there was no significant difference in all the indexes among the three groups (|H| < 4.643, F = 1.454, P > 0.05); however, the improvement of BBS score was more in the observation group 1 than in the control group (P < 0.05), and the improvement of all the indexes was more in the observation group 2 than in the control group (P < 0.05). ConclusionThe wearable lower limb rehabilitation robot-assisted training may promote the recovery of walking function, lower limb motor function, balance function and functional independence of stroke patients, and high-intensity training seems to be more effective.
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ObjectiveTo explore the clinical efficacy of three-dimensional motion platform training on balance and walking function of stroke patients. MethodsFrom August, 2021 to August, 2022, 80 stroke patients from Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University were selected and randomly divided into control group (n = 40) and experimental group (n = 40). The control group received routine rehabilitation training, and the experimental group received three-dimensional motion platform training on the basis of routine rehabilitation training. Before and four weeks after treatment, the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Functional Ambulation Category (FAC) and 3D gait analysis (step speed, step frequency, percentage of standing phases on the affected side, percentage of double support phase) were used to assess the balance and walking function of patients. ResultsFour weeks after treatment, the scores of BBS, FAC, and step speed, step frequency, percentage of standing phases on the affected side and percentage of double support phase significantly improved in both groups (|t| > 4.423, |Z| > 5.292, P < 0.001), and they were better in the experimental group than in the control group (|t| > 3.748, |Z| = 2.646, P < 0.05). ConclusionThree-dimensional motion platform training could facilitate to improve the balance and walking function of stroke patients.
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PURPOSE: This study examined the effects of a spiral elastic band for the walking function on patients with chronic stroke. METHODS: Twenty one chronic stroke patients were recruited and divided randomly into the experimental group and control group. Both groups performed mat exercises and gait training three times a week for four weeks, and gait training was applied to the experimental group with additional spinal elastic bands. RESULTS: The results of this research were as follows. The 10MWT measurements showed that the velocities within and between the groups decreased significantly, and the results of TUG showed significant decreases in velocities after the interventions in both the control group and experimental group. On the other hand, there were no significant differences between the control and experimental group. The FRT measurements showed significantly increased stride lengths within and between the groups. The measurements of the stride length, stride velocity, cadence, and step length showed significant improvement within the groups, but there was no significant difference between the groups. The measurement of stance showed that the non-paralytic patients had a significant increase in the rates within the groups and a significant difference was observed between the groups. CONCLUSION: Spiral elastic bands are an effective intervention method for rehabilitation programs to enhance the walking function in the clinical field. A treatment needs to be developed for patients with walking problems due to various disorders by investigating the action mechanism of spiral elastic bands.
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Humanos , Ejercicio Físico , Marcha , Mano , Métodos , Rehabilitación , Accidente Cerebrovascular , CaminataRESUMEN
Objective To study the design and fabricating method of orthosis for patients with leg length discrepancy. Methods Ischial weight bearing orthosis with prosthetic feet was made through efforts from weight,beauty and durabili-ty.The fabrication process included taking a negative plaster cast,modifying the positive model,forming,align-ment,and fitting the device to the patients. Results The orthosis was compensated for the patients'height with good appearance and convenience wearing. Conclusion Ischial weight bearing orthosis with prosthetic feet can help patients reconstruct walking function,therefore can be recommended.
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@#Objective To research the effects of somatic sense interactive game Kinect on balance and walking function in stroke patients.Methods 40 patients with stroke were divided into control group (n=20) and experimental group (n=20), who accepted conventional rehabilitation and additional somatic sense interactive game Kinect. They were evaluated with gait analysis, Berg Balance Scale, Holden Walking Function Rating Scale and Barthel Index before and after treatment. Results Both groups improved in all the indices after 4 weeks of treatment (P<0.001), and improved more in the experimental group than in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion The somatic sense interactive game Kinect could further improve the balance and walking function of stroke patients.
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Objective To explore the effects of sole desensitization physical therapy on standing balance and walking function among recovering stroke patients.MethodsStroke patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomly assigned to the observation group (40 cases) or the control group (40 cases). All patients received traditional rehabilitation. In addition, the observation group received sole densensitization physical therapy. The total course of treatment lasted for 1 month. The Berg balance scale (BBS) and Holden's functional ambulation classification (FAC) were used to evaluate balance and walking ability before and after treatment. The Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA) was used to assess the motor function of the affected ankle, and footprint analysis was used to measure and record any changes in time and distance walked and to analyze improvements in gait.ResultsAfter the sole desensitization training, the BBS (37.41 ± 8.14), FAC ( 3.91 ±0.92) and FMA motor function (6.42 ± 1.12) results of the observation group were all significantly better than before training. Walking time and distance also improved.ConclusionsSole desensitization can affect foot proprioception. As a result, stroke patients' soles adapt to the surroundings, recover their ability to provide physiological support and promote improved motor function of the ankle.Sole desensitization can thus improve the standing balance and walking of stroke patients.
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@# Lower extremity exoskeleton system is a kind of human-machine robot, which combines the artificial intelligence with the power of mechanism. Recent years, the field of lower extremity exoskeleton robots have rapidly evolved and development of relevant technologies have dramatically increased these robots available for facilitating human walking function that could only be imagined a few years ago. Some technologies are so new that they lack the scientific evidence that would justify their use in the real setting. This paper presents an over view of design configurations, control methods and simulation test used for lower extremity exoskeleton robots. Further research efforts are required in order to incorporate many of the new technologies described in this review to promote the development of the lower extremity exoskeleton robots.
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@#ObjectiveTo observe the effect of early partial body weight support on walking ability for stroke patients with hemiplegia.Methods60 stroke patients were divided into 3 groups, receiving conventional early rehabilitation: group A (20 cases) received conventional rehabilitation for 8 weeks; group B (20 cases) received 2 weeks conventional rehabilitaion and 6 weeks partial body weight support; group C (20 cases) received 5 weeks conventional rehabilitaion and 3 weeks partial body weight support. Fugl-Meyer Assessment(FMA), Barther Index(BI) and Berg Balance Scale(BBS) were used to assess the effect before and after treatment.ResultsThe socres of FMA, BI and BBS improved in walking function after the treatment(P<0.05). Comparing with groups A and C, group B improved more significantly after treatment (P<0.05), and group C was better than group A (P<0.05). ConclusionPartial body weight support can improve walking function of hemiplegic patients at early stage.
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@#Objective To study the design and fabricating method, biomechanical effect and practicablity of the orthosis for patients suffering from large femoral bone defect and leg length discrepancy and study the effect of the orthosis on patients' equilibrium, walking function and gait. Methods By four stages we finally made ischial weight bearing orthosis with prosthetic feet, and then analysed its biomechanical effect and efficiency, evaluated balance and walking function of patients.Results The orthosis, according with principle of biomechanics, realized patients' wish of walking without crutch. The energy consumption and balanced capacity of patients wearing orthosis were much better while walking distance parameters came close to normal. Conclusion Ischial weight bearing orthosis with prosthetic feet can help patients reconstruct walking function, therefore can be recommended.
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Objective To explore the value of an advanced reciprocating gait orthosis (ARGO) combined with comprehensive rehabilitation treatment in rehabliltating complete spinal cord injury (SCI) patients. Methods Twelve patients with complete SCI at the T4~L2 level were fitted with an ARGO. Before and after fitting the ARGO,comprehensive rehabilitative excecises were conducted. After training, ambulation was evaluated, and competence in the activities of daily living was evaluated using the Barthel index and Functional Independence Measure. Results The patients' ambulation improved markedly after fitting the ARGO and training. Barthel index and FIM scres improved significantly. All 12 patients achieved therapeutic or functional ambulation. Conclusion With the aid of an ARGO, patients suffering from complete SCI below the T4 level can achieve functional walking and improve their quality of life.
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@#ObjectiveTo study the effect of Rehabilitative Ankle-Foot Orthoses training program on walking function of hemiplegic patients after stroke .Methods95 patients were randomly divided into two groups: observed group (49 cases) and control group (46 cases). The patients of control group were trained by routine rehabilitation training program, the patients of observed group were trained by Rehabilitative Ankle-Foot Orthoses and routine rehabilitation training program.ResultsAfter training, either observed group or control group showed significant improvement at walking function and ADL(P<0.01), but the improvement on observed group were more marked than coutrol group(P<0.01 and P<0.05). ConclusionsThe ability of walking in acute stroke patients were obviously improved, and the degree of the disability of them was decreased by Rehabilitative Ankle-Foot Orthoses.
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@# In this paper a series of gait quantitative assessment indexes:phase symmetry index,verti-cal force symmetry index,equilibrium function index,and brake and drive function indexes are obtainedwith VICON 3-dimensinal movement analysis system according to the results that 40 amputees,50 cerebralpalsy patients, 31 hemiplegia patients and 19 paraplegia are evaluated and the differences between the nor-mal and the abnormal(p<0.001)found with these indexes. The quantitative assessment methed of walk-ing function not only provides rehabilitation level of patients and for checking therapeutical effects,but alsolaies the foundation of gait analysis to standardization and practicalization further.