Desafios e mudanças no processo de trabalho das equipes de saúde da família no cenário pandêmico: relato de experiência / Challenges and changes in the work process of family health teams in the pandemic scenario: experience report

O presente estudo tem por objetivo realizar um relato de experiência demonstrando a percepção de discentes do curso de odontologia na sua participação na prática da atenção primária à saúde (APS), vivenciadas em um cenário pandêmico e com base no combate a enfrentamentos e desafios impostos no processo de trabalho das equipes de saúde da família. Este estudo trata - se de relato de experiência, de caráter descritivo e retrospectivo, associado à uma pesquisa bibliográfica para que trousse o embasamento teórico necessário para a descrição do relato de experiência vivenciado. No decorrer da pandemia, a Equipe de saúde da família exerceu importante papel e atuou na linha de prevenção e controle desta, sendo uma das maiores ferramentas de apoio. Na odontologia, a atuação da equipe de saúde bucal devido a fatores de risco inerentes à esta modalidade de ocupação, ficou limitada em seu exercício. O conhecimento de muitos dos profissionais da rede pública foi colocado em questão, assim como sua vivência, limitações e o medo de contrair a doença. Os profissionais da equipe de saúde, mostraram que o trabalho interprofissional e um bom relacionamento aumentou o incentivo e a responsabilidade de equipe.

This study aims to carry out an experience report demonstrating the perception of students of the dentistry course in their participation in the practice of primary health care (PHC), experienced in a pandemic scenario and based on the fight against confrontations and challenges imposed on the work process of family health teams. This study is an experience report, descriptive and retrospective, associated with bibliographical research to bring the necessary theoretical basis for the description of the lived experience report. During the pandemic, the Family Health Team played an important role and acted in the line of prevention and control of this, being one of the greatest support tools. In dentistry, the performance of the oral health team, due to risk factors inherent to this type of occupation, was limited in its exercise. The knowledge of many public health professionals was questioned, as well as their experience, limitations and fear of contracting the disease. Health team professionals showed that interprofessional work and a good relationship increased team incentive and responsibility.

Desafios relacionados ao clima organizacional da equipe de enfermagem de um hospital público - percepção dos enfermeiros / Challenges related to the organizational climate of the nursing team in a public hospital - nurses' perception

Resumo O ambiente organizacional está relacionado com o grau de motivação de seus colaboradores. Essa percepção é essencialmente sentida, não se vê e nem se toca, mas tem uma existência real. Este estudo objetiva identificar as dificuldades e potencialidades relacionadas ao clima organizacional dos servidores de enfermagem de um hospital público do Distrito Federal. Metodologicamente foi realizado um estudo descritivo e exploratório caracterizado por uma abordagem qualitativa. A análise de conteúdo temática conduziu a três dimensões interpretativas: ambiente e condições de trabalho; comunicação, relacionamento interpessoal e fluxos de trabalho; e motivação para a melhoria do ambiente de trabalho. Os resultados apontam para um déficit de recursos humanos, escassez de recursos materiais, insumos, estrutura física precária, além de problemas de relacionamento interpessoal, como a (des)valorização do profissional enfermeiro e da enfermagem. Os desafios postos para os gestores estão para além da dimensão técnica e estrutural, da complexidade tecnológica dos equipamentos sem manutenção, desdobra-se pela dimensão humana, pelos sentimentos e pelas necessidades não atendidas (de valorização) da enfermagem, que precisa ser cuidada, valorizada, ouvida e vista no seu processo de cuidar.

Abstract The organizational climate is related to the degree of motivation of its employees. This perception is essentially felt, it is neither seen nor touched, but it is real. This study aims to identify difficulties and potentialities related to the organizational climate of the nursing staff at a public hospital in the Federal District. Methodologically, a descriptive and exploratory study was carried out characterized by a qualitative approach. The thematic content analysis led to three interpretative dimensions: environment and working conditions; communication, interpersonal relationship and work flows; motivation to improve the work environment. The results indicate a deficit of human resources, scarcity of material resources, supplies, precarious physical structure, in addition to interpersonal relationship problems, such as the (de)valuation of professional nurses and nursing. The challenges posed to managers go beyond the technical and structural dimension, the technological complexity of equipment without maintenance, as it unfolds through the human dimension, feelings and unmet needs (of appreciation) of nursing, which needs to be cared for, valued, heard and seen in their care process.

Estratégias adotadas pelos profissionais de enfermagem a partir da violência sofrida na urgência e emergência / Strategies adopted by nursing professionals based on the violence suffered in urgency and emergency / Estrategias adoptadas por los profesionales de enfermería basadas en la violencia sufrida en urgencia y emergencia

Objetivo: identificar os significados e estratégias adotadas pelos profissionais de enfermagem em situações de violência em uma unidade de urgência e emergência. Método: estudo descritivo, qualitativo, tendo como suporte teórico-conceitual o interacionismo simbólico, que utilizou um grupo focal de oito profissionais da equipe de enfermagem de um serviço de urgência e emergência hospitalar. Resultados: os significados foram complexos e as estratégias adotadas foram tolerância à violência para manter o controle no ambiente de trabalho, gerenciamento de conflito, tentando aplacar a situação de violência, buscar a segurança de terceiros e adotar um posicionamento de afastamento do atendimento ao paciente/acompanhante agressor. Conclusão: a violência significou diversas concepções frequentemente negativas, e as estratégias adotadas pelos profissionais de enfermagem evidenciam a tentativa de evitar o sofrimento perpetuado pelos pacientes no serviço de urgência e emergência hospitalar. Os diversos atores sociais devem sinergicamente propiciar meios para a proteção dos profissionais.

Objective: To identify the strategies adopted and meanings constructed by nursing professionals exposed to violence in an urgency and emergency unit. Method:A descriptive, qualitative study based on symbolic interactionism was conducted with eight nursing professionals from a hospital urgency and emergency service by means of a focus group. Results: The meanings were complex and the strategies adopted were tolerance towards violence to maintain control in the workplace, conflict management seeking to placate the situation, seek the safety of third parties and withdrawal from caring for the offending patient/companion. Conclusion: Violence was often conceptualized negatively and the strategies adopted by nursing professionals show an attempt to avoid the harm perpetrated by emergency patients. The various social actors implicated should synergistically provide means for protecting professionals

Objetivo: identificar los significados y estrategias adoptadas por los profesionales de enfermería en situación de violencia en una unidad de urgencia y emergencia. Método:estudio descriptivo, cualitativo, con interaccionismo simbólico como marco teórico y conceptual, que utilizó un grupo focal formado por ocho profesionales del equipo de enfermería de un servicio de urgencia y emergencia hospitalaria. Resultados: los significados fueron complejos, y las estrategias adoptadas se centraron en la tolerancia a la violencia para mantener el control en el ambiente de trabajo, el manejo de conflictos buscando aplacar la situación de violencia, la búsqueda de seguridad de terceros y la adopción de una posición de retiro de la atención al paciente/acompañante infractor. Conclusión: la violencia significó varias concepciones que muchas veces son negativas, y las estrategias adoptadas por los profesionales de enfermería muestran el intento de evitar el sufrimiento perpetuado por los pacientes en el servicio de emergencia hospitalaria. Los diversos actores sociales deben proporcionar sinérgicamente medios para la protección de los profesionales

Telework: job satisfaction during work from home among IT professionals in India: a cross sectional study

Background: The untoward events of COVID-19 led to the enforcement of work from home (WFH) for nearly every wage earner across the globe. One of the several fields that saw its implications was the IT sector. We conducted the following study to understand how the IT techies have been affected by the shift in their workspace- from their cubicles at work to the tables at home and the implications of this shift on their general and mental health. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in January 2021. A Google form was circulated among IT professionals. Sample size was calculated by universal sampling technique. Data collected was entered in MS Excel and analysed using SPSS version 26. Results: Among the 47 received responses, the mean age group of the study sample was 20-30 years. 73.9% felt that personal obligations interrupted their work which led to increased frustration. There is also a rise in the incidences of backpain and eyestrain. The mean stress score of the study sample was 17.85±5.729 and though 80.9% felt they had a comfortable place at home to work, 62.52% of them wished to return to their workplace. Conclusions: Better innovative strategies need to be thought of and implemented to help employees have an efficient work-life balance.

Environmental health practice and quality of Nursing care: a protocol for systematic review

OBJECTIVE: To systematically synthesize studies that analyze the relationship between a healthy practice environment and quality of nursing care in hospital settings; to identify the most commonly used instruments to assess nurses' perceptions of a healthy practice environment; to identify the most commonly used instruments to assess nurses' perceptions of quality of nursing care. METHOD: A systematic literature review will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The literature search will be conducted in the principal databases. Review of international scientific articles published in the last ten years, accessed through the database of the Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, on nurses' perceptions of the influence of the environment on healthy nursing practice and quality of care. Inclusion: Articles published after 2012 in Portuguese, Spanish, and English. The identified, selected and included studies will be highlighted for the selection process using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P). If possible, quantitative data will be pooled into a meta-analysis using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument (MASTARI).

Propylene glycol monomethyl ether isomers in workplace air determined by solvent desorption-gas chromatography / 环境与职业医学

Background Propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PGME) is a widely used organic solvent. It exists in the form of two isomers in the workplace, which will cause adverse effects such as eye and upper respiratory tract irritation in workers. However, there is still a lack of standard detection methods for simultaneous detection of two isomers of PGME in China. Objective To establish a solvent desorption-gas chromatographic method for two isomers of PGME [1-methoxy-2-propanol (α-PGME), 2-methoxy-1-propanol (β-PGME)] in workplace air. Methods A method of solvent desorption-gas chromatography for α-PGME and β-PGME in workplace air were proposed. Air samples were collected with solvent desorption activated carbon tubes, desorbed using a desorption solution of dichloromethane/methanol (85:15), and then separated on a free fatty acid phase (FFAP) fused silica capillary chromatography column , detected with a flame ionization detector (FID), and quantified by peak area. Standard evaluation protocol was followed to obtain key indicators: standard curve, limit of detection, lower limit of quantification, relative standard deviation (RSD) that measures precision, and spiked recovery of sample solutions that measures accuracy. Desorption efficiency, sampling efficiency, and adsorption capacity tests were conducted, sample stability was evaluated using spiked activated carbon tube preservation test, and interference test was also assessed. The developed method was then applied to field air sample testing. Results In this method, using dichloromethane/methanol (85:15) as the sample desorption solution, the quantitative detection ranges of α-PGME and β-PGME were 0.95-923.0 μg·mL−1 and 0.97-912.0 μg·mL−1 with both correlation coefficients of 0.999 9, the method limits of detection were 0.28 µg·mL−1 and 0.29 µg·mL−1, and the lower limits of quantification were 0.95 µg·mL−1 and 0.97 µg·mL1, respectively. The lowest concentrations detected were both 0.19 mg·m−3, and the lowest concentrations quantified were 0.63 mg·m−3 and 0.65 mg·m−3, respectively, under the conditions of sampling volume of 1.5 L and the volume of desorption solution of 1.0 mL. The intra-batch precisions for α-PGME and β-PGME were 2.8%-4.9% and 2.8%-5.1%, the inter-batch precisions were 4.2%-5.7% and 4.5%-5.9%, the spiked recoveries were 98.8%-100.3% and 96.4%-102.9%, and the desorption efficiencies were 92.7%-97.3% and 92.2%-98.1%, respectively. The average sampling efficiency was 100%, and the samples could be stored at room temperature (25-30 ℃) for at least 7 d and at 4 ℃ for at least 15 d. The adsorption capacities of the activated carbon sampling tube for α-PGME and β-PGME were greater than 13.9 mg and 2.7 mg (100 mg of activated carbon adsorbent), respectively. Possible co-existing components in workplace did not interfere with the determination of α-PGME and β-PGME. The short-time exposure concentrations of α-PGME and β-PGME in the spray painting unit of an automobile manufacturing company were determined to be 18.69 mg·m−3 and 2.19 mg·m−3, and the time-weighted average concentrations were 6.03 mg·m−3 and 1.08 mg·m−3 respectively. Conclusion This method is accurate, precise and suitable for on-site monitoring of the two isomers of PGME in workplace air.

Analyzing the monitoring results of occupational hazards in the workplace of key industries in Guangdong Province, 2020-2023 / 中国职业医学

ObjectiveTo understand the monitoring result of occupational hazard in the workplace of key industries in Guangdong Province from 2020 to 2023. Methods The data of occupational hazards in the workplace of 20 key industries in Guangdong Province from 2020 to 2023 were collected from the “Workplace Occupational Hazard Monitoring System” of the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control System subsystem. The monitoring result of occupational hazard factors, occupational health training, occupational health examination, occupational protection, detection of occupational hazardous agents such as dust, chemical substances and noise were analyzed. Results A total of 13 058 enterprises from key industries were recruited as the monitoring subjects in Guangdong Province. There were 290 large-, 1 342 medium-, 7 635 small-, and 3 791 micro-enterprises, with small and micro-enterprises accounting for 58.5% and 29.0% of the total, respectively. A total of 7 542 enterprises exceeded the national standard in the detection of occupational hazards, with a rate of 57.8%. A total of 1 942 517 workers from 13 058 enterprises were recruited, with 835 567 workers were exposed to occupational hazards, with a rate of 43.0%. The rate of occupational health training for enterprise leaders, occupational health management personnel, and workers was 71.9%, 73.8%, and 86.5%, respectively. The abnormal rate of occupational health examinations for workers exposed to noise, dust, and chemical agents was 2.0%, 0.6%, and 1.0%, respectively. The distribution rate of dust masks, anti-poisoning masks or face masks, and noise prevention earplugs or earmuffs was 83.3%, 71.3%, and 77.8%, respectively. The rate of installation of dust prevention facilities, anti-poisoning facilities, and noise prevention facilities was 85.6%, 81.2%, and 50.1%, respectively. The rate of exceeded the national standard of dust, noise in the worksites/types and workplaces showed a decreasing trend year by year (all P<0.01), while the rate of exceeded the national standard of chemical agents in worksites/types and workplaces showed an increasing trend year by year in various occupational hazards (all P<0.01). Conclusion Occupational hazards in the workplace of key industries in Guangdong Province are relatively common. The proportion of workers exposed to occupational hazards is relatively high. It is necessary to further improve the use of noise prevention facilities and protective equipment, strengthen occupational health training for enterprises throughout the province and regularly monitor occupational hazards to reduce the risk of occupational diseases.

Analysis on spectrum characteristics of high-intensity noise in key industries in Guangdong Province / 中国职业医学

ObjectiveTo analyze the spectrum distribution characteristics of high-intensity productive noise in key industries in Guangdong Province. Methods A total of 2 806 enterprises in 21 prefecture-level cities in Guangdong Province were selected as the study subjects using the stratified sampling method. On-site investigations were conducted in workplaces. Noise in workplaces and work-sites, and the noise spectrum of the workplaces with sound pressure level ≥85.0 dB(A) were detected. Results The noise of a total of 23 076 workplaces and 20 969 work sites from 30 key industries were monitored. The median (M) and 25th and 75th percentiles (P25, P75) of workplace sound pressure level were 82.3 (78.6, 86.5) dB(A). The rate of the noise exceeded national standard was 30.4%. The sound pressure level M (P25, P75) of work-site was 78.6 (70.0, 83.5) dB(A). The rate of the noise exceeded national standard was 18.0%. Workplace noise and work site noise were positively correlated (Spearman correlation coefficient=0.86, P<0.01). The rate of the noise exceeded national standard was 46.5% in key work sites where the rate of noise exceeded the national standard was ≥25.0%, and corresponding rate of the workplace noise exceeded national standard was 58.1%. The noise spectrum result of 5 636 workplaces sound pressure level>85.0 dB(A) showed that most of the noise source was from grinding machines (441 cases), and the highest average sound pressure level of noise source was from screening machines [93.0 dB(A)]. Cluster analysis results showed that the main noise sources could be divided into three categories, including wideband noise with levels >80.0 dB in all frequency bands except 8 000.0 Hz, medium-high-frequency noise with the highest sound pressure level at 1 000.0, 2 000.0, and 4 000.0 Hz and low frequencies <75.0 dB, and medium-low-frequency noise below 500.0 Hz with sound pressure level >85.0 dB. Conclusion The rate of the noise exceeded national standard in workplace of key industries in Guangdong Province is high, involving a wide range of industries, with high sound pressure levels and obvious spectrum characteristics of corresponding noise sources. Corresponding noise control strategies can be formulated based on different spectrum characteristics and magnitudes.

Analysis of current status of radiation protection in non-medical radiation workplaces in Yantai, China, 2022 / 中国辐射卫生

Objective To investigate the current status of radiation protection in non-medical radiation workplaces in Yantai, China, and to provide a scientific basis for occupational health management in non-medical radiation workplaces. Methods Non-medical radiation workplaces in Yantai were investigated using a questionnaire survey in 2022, including radiation source term, occupational health examination, personal dose monitoring, personal protective equipment, and radiation protection testing workplaces. Data were entered by a double-entry method and then analyzed. Results There were 56 non-medical radiation workplaces in Yantai, covering manufacturing, nonferrous metal ore mining, nuclear power plant, transportation, and technical services. There were 0 Class I radiation device, 150 Class II radiation devices, and 10 Class III radiation devices; there were 80 Class I radiation sources, 16 Class II radiation sources, 14 Class III radiation sources, 62 Class IV radiation sources, and 135 Class V radiation sources. There were 998 radiation workers, with an occupational health examination rate and personal dose monitoring rate of 98.3%. Among the 56 non-medical radiation workplaces, 47 (83.9%) were equipped with radiation protection monitoring instruments, 24 (51.1%) workplaces had verified the radiation protection monitoring instruments, with 2017 personal dose monitoring instruments and 2327 personal protective equipment in place, 42 (75%) workplaces carried out occupational health assessments, 44 (78.6%) workplaces carried out self-detection, and 53 (94.6%) workplaces carried out entrusting detections (monitoring pass rate: 100% [53/53]). The declaration rate of occupational hazard items was 87.5% (49/56). Conclusion There is still a gap between the current status and the requirements in the national regulations and standards regarding radiation protection in non-medical radiation workplaces. Therefore, the supervision and management of non-medical radiation workplaces should be further strengthened, especially the configuration and verification of radiation protection monitoring instruments.

Prevalence, pattern and factors associated with workplace violence against healthcare workers in Nigeria: A systematic review

Objective:This study aimed to describe the prevalence, pattern, and predictors of WPVagainst HCWs in Nigeria. Methods:Asystematic review was conducted using pre-defined keywords. The review was performed in line with the PRISMAguidelines on PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science. The population, intervention, comparator, and outcome (PICO) elements for this study were as follows: Population:Nigerian Healthcare workers; Intervention: Exposure to WPV; Comparator: Non-exposure to WPV; Outcome: Mental and Physical health outcomes of exposure to WPV. Of the 18,140 articles retrieved, 15 cross-sectional studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. In all, 3,245 HCWs were included, and consisted majorly of nurses and doctors. Results:The overall prevalence of WPV(Physical > Verbal/Psychological > Sexual) against HCWs ranged between 39.1%-100%. The predictors of WPVare younger ages (AOR = 2.513, p = 0.012), working in psychiatric unit (AOR = 11.182, p = 0.006), and increased frequency of interaction with patients, and mostly perpetrated by patients and their relatives. Many health facilities lacked a formal reporting system and policies to protect HCWs from WPV. Conclusion:WPVagainst HCWs is a public health problem in Nigeria with dire implications on HCWs; the victims, and the aggressor. Administrators of health facilities should design protocols for WPVreporting, recognition, and management. Patient and 'relatives' education on the 'facilities' policy against WPVshould be undertaken, while orientation sessions on the risk factors for HCWs are scheduled.

Promoting mental health in the workplace: web software development and validation / Promoción de la salud mental en el ambiente laboral: desarrollo y validación de un software web / Promoção da saúde mental no ambiente laboral: desenvolvimento e validação de um web software

Objective to develop and validate the content and technical aspects of a web software program for promoting mental health in the workplace. Method: applied methodological study and technological development, carried out in three stages: 1) Umbrella review development; 2) Web software development; 3) Content and technical validation carried out by 14 judges. The data was submitted to descriptive statistical analysis and calculation of the content validity index. Results: based on the guidelines' recommendations, information was defined and extracted in order to develop the web software consisting of the following dimensions: mental health education, support among coworkers, promotion strategies and mental health self-assessment. For the technical development, the objectives, general functions and technological infrastructure were defined. After development and functional testing, the version was made available for content and technical validation by judges. The overall content validity index was 0.98 and for the technical aspects it was 0.97. Conclusion: the agreement between the judges in relation to the content and technical aspects, as well as the suggestions incorporated, demonstrated the potential for using web software to promote mental health in the workplace.

Objetivo desarrollar y validar el contenido y los aspectos técnicos de un software web para promover la salud mental en el lugar de trabajo. Método: estudio metodológico aplicado y de desarrollo tecnológico, realizado en tres etapas: 1) Desarrollo de la umbrella review ; 2) Desarrollo del software web ; 3) Validación de contenido y técnica realizada por 14 jueces. Los datos fueron sometidos a análisis estadístico descriptivo y cálculo del índice de validez de contenido. Resultados: a partir de las recomendaciones de las directrices, se definió y extrajo información para desarrollar el software web que consta de las siguientes dimensiones: educación en salud mental, apoyo entre compañeros de trabajo, estrategias de promoción y autoevaluación de la salud mental. Para el desarrollo técnico se definieron los objetivos, las funciones generales y la infraestructura tecnológica. Después del desarrollo y las pruebas funcionales, la versión estaba lista para que los jueces realizaran la validación técnica y de contenido. El índice de validez de contenido global fue de 0,98 y para los aspectos técnicos fue de 0,97. Conclusión: la concordancia entre los jueces sobre el contenido y los aspectos técnicos, al igual que las sugerencias incorporadas, demostraron el potencial del uso del software web para promover la salud mental en el lugar de trabajo.

Objetivo desenvolver e validar o conteúdo e os aspectos técnicos de um web software para a promoção da saúde mental no ambiente laboral. Método: estudo metodológico aplicado e de desenvolvimento tecnológico, realizado em três etapas: 1) Desenvolvimento de umbrella review ; 2) Desenvolvimento de web software ; 3) Validação do conteúdo e técnica realizada por 14 juízes. Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística descritiva e cálculo do índice de validade de conteúdo. Resultados: a partir das recomendações de diretrizes, foram definidas e extraídas as informações para elaborar o web software constituído nas seguintes dimensões: educação em saúde mental, apoio entre os colegas de trabalho, estratégias de promoção e autoavaliação da saúde mental. Para o desenvolvimento técnico, definiram-se os objetivos, as funções gerais e a infraestrutura tecnológica . Após o desenvolvimento e testes de funcionamento, foi disponibilizada a versão para a validação de conteúdo e técnica por juízes. O índice de validade de conteúdo global foi de 0,98 e, para os aspectos técnicos, foi de 0,97. Conclusão: a concordância entre os juízes em relação ao conteúdo e aos aspectos técnicos, bem como as sugestões incorporadas, demonstraram o potencial de uso do web software na promoção da saúde mental no ambiente laboral.

Temporal trend and magnitude of previdenciary benefits for workplace accidents in Brazil / Tendência temporal e magnitude dos benefícios previdenciários de natureza acidentária no Brasil

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the temporal trend and magnitude of national indicators of previdenciary benefits for workplace accidents issued and granted by the Social Security of Brazil. Methods: Secondary data from Social Security from 2008 to 2019 were used. The trend and percentage variation of the indicators were estimated through Prais-Winsten generalized linear regression. Results: A total of 9,220,372 previdenciary benefits for workplace accidents were issued by the Social Security of Brazil in the period, costing approximately R$ 8.4 billion and representing about 2.0% of the net value of all benefits paid. None of the categories of previdenciary benefits for workplace accidents showed an increasing trend. The highest variation in the benefits granted and issued for workplace accidents occurred in temporary disability benefit (B91), with an annual percentage variation of -54.00% and -29.29%, respectively. Conclusion: A reduction in magnitude and an overall decreasing trend were observed in the historical series of national indicators of benefits granted and benefits issued related to workplace accidents in Brazil from 2008 to 2019.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a tendência temporal e a magnitude dos indicadores nacionais de benefícios previdenciários emitidos e concedidos por acidentes do trabalho pela Previdência Social do Brasil. Métodos: Foram utilizados dados secundários da Previdência Social de 2008 a 2019. A tendência e variação percentual dos indicadores foram estimadas por meio de regressão linear generalizada de Prais-Winsten. Resultados: Um total de 9.220.372 benefícios previdenciários por acidentes do trabalho foi emitido pela Previdência Social do Brasil no período, custando aproximadamente R$ 8,4 bilhões e representando cerca de 2,0% do valor líquido de todos os benefícios pagos. Nenhuma das categorias de incapacidades relacionadas a acidentes do trabalho apresentou tendência de aumento. A maior variação nos benefícios concedidos e emitidos por acidentes do trabalho ocorreu no auxílio por incapacidade temporária (B91), com variação percentual anual de -29,29% e -54,00%, nessa ordem. Conclusão: Verificou-se redução na magnitude e tendência global decrescente em relação as séries históricas dos indicadores nacionais de benefícios concedidos e emitidos de natureza acidentária no Brasil, de 2008 a 2019.

The nursing practice environment in a university hospital during the covid-19 pandemic / Ambiente de la práctica profesional de la enfermería en un hospital universitario frente al covid-19 / Ambiente da prática profissional da enfermagem em hospital universitário frente à covid-19

ABSTRACT Objective: to assess the environment of nursing professional practice during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: cross-sectional study addressing a sample comprising nursing workers from a university hospital. The Brazilian version of the Practice Environment Scale was used, with 24 items distributed into five subscales. The analyses were performed in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 25; the statistical significance was set at 5% (p≤0.05), and the internal consistency was assessed with Cronbach's alpha. Results: 243 workers participated in the study: 62.1% of nursing technicians and aides and 37.9% of nurses. The mean score on the Practice Environment Scale was 2.58 (standard deviation=0.69). Three of the five subscales were poorly assessed: "Nursing foundations for quality of care" (mean 2.58 and SD ± 0.73), "Nursing manager, ability, leadership, and support of nurses" (mean 2.74 and SD ± 0.82), and "Collegial nurse-physician relations" (mean 2.78 and SD ± 0.76). The perception of the professionals who received training to care for Covid-19 patients was more favorable than those who did not receive any training. Conclusion: The nursing work environment during the pandemic was considered mixed; therefore, improvements are required to make nursing working conditions as adequate as possible.

RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar el ambiente de la práctica profesional de la enfermería durante la pandemia del COVID-19. Método: estudio transversal, realizado en una muestra constituida por el equipo de enfermería que actuaba en un hospital universitario. Se utilizó la escalaPractice Environment Scale(versión brasileña) con 24 ítems distribuidos en cinco subescalas. Los análisis fueron realizados en elStatistical Package for the Social Sciences, versión 25, y se aplicó una significancia estadística de 5% (p≤0,05). La consistencia interna del instrumento fue evaluada con el Alfa de Cronbach. Resultados: participaron de la investigación 243 profesionales, siendo 62,1% técnicos y auxiliares de enfermería y 37,9% enfermeros. La media del puntaje para laPractice Environment Scalefue de 2,58 (Desviación Estándar = 0,69). Los participantes consideraron tres de las cinco subescalas favorables: "Fundamentos de enfermería orientados para la calidad del cuidado" (media 2,58 e DE ± 0,73); "Habilidad, liderazgo y soporte de los coordinadores/supervisores de enfermería a los enfermeros/equipo de enfermería" (media 2,74 y DE ± 0,82) y "Relaciones de compañerismo entre enfermeros y médicos" (media 2,78 y DE ± 0,76). Los profesionales capacitados para el cuidado de los pacientes con Covid-19 tuvieron una percepción más favorable en relación a aquellos que no lo fueron. Conclusión: el ambiente de trabajo de la enfermería fue considerado mixto, en la pandemia, por tanto, necesita de mejorías para que las condiciones de trabajo de la enfermería sean las más adecuadas posibles.

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar o ambiente da prática profissional da enfermagem durante a pandemia da Covid-19. Método: estudo transversal, conduzido em uma amostra constituída pela equipe de enfermagem que atuava em um hospital universitário. Utilizou-se a escala Practice Environment Scale (versão brasileira) com 24 itens distribuídos em cinco subescalas. As análises foram realizadas no Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, versão 25, e aplicou-se significância estatística de 5% (p≤0,05). A consistência interna do instrumento foi avaliada pelo alfa de Cronbach. Resultados: participaram da pesquisa 243 profissionais, sendo 62,1% técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem e 37,9% enfermeiros. A média do escore para a Practice Environment Scale foi de 2,58 (desvio-padrão = 0,69) e os participantes consideraram três das cinco subescalas favoráveis: "Fundamentos de enfermagem voltados para a qualidade do cuidado" (média 2,58 e dp ± 0,73); "Habilidade, liderança e suporte dos coordenadores/supervisores de enfermagem aos enfermeiros/equipe de enfermagem" (média 2,74 e dp ± 0,82) e "Relações colegiais entre enfermeiros e médicos" (média 2,78 e dp ± 0,76). Os profissionais capacitados para o cuidado dos pacientes com COVID-19 tiveram percepção mais favorável em relação àqueles que não o foram. Conclusão: o ambiente de trabalho da enfermagem foi considerado misto, na pandemia, portanto, necessita de melhorias para que as condições de trabalho da enfermagem sejam as mais adequadas possíveis.

Construção de uma escala de avaliação do ambiente de trabalho na atenção primária à saúde / Construcción de una escala de evaluación del ambiente laboral en la atención primaria de salud / Construction of an assessment scale for the work environment in primary health care

Resumo Objetivo Descrever as etapas da construção de uma escala para avaliar o ambiente de trabalho na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS). Método Estudo metodológico com cinco etapas: estabelecimento da estrutura conceitual; construção das questões e da escala de respostas; estruturação; validade do conteúdo com especialistas; e análise semântica com profissionais de saúde. Resultados A construção da estrutura conceitual com revisão de literatura e a análise dos pesquisadores, especialistas e profissionais de saúde, finalizou a escala com 36 questões. O ambiente de trabalho é influenciado por condições de trabalho, questões de administração e gestão, saúde do trabalhador, cargas de trabalho, valorização e motivação, violência e estratégias para um ambiente de trabalho saudável. Foi realizado o Índice de Validade de Conteúdo (IVC) e Porcentagem de Concordância, com valores de 0,96 (IVC) e 96% de concordância, respectivamente. Conclusões e implicações para prática A escala foi elaborada e apresentou concordância, de acordo com o teste de validade de conteúdo, por especialistas e profissionais de saúde. Assim, a escala está apta a seguir para outros processos de validação e pode contribuir para a prática de pesquisadores das áreas de saúde na avaliação do ambiente de trabalho.

Resumen Objetivo Describir las etapas de la construcción de una escala para evaluar el clima laboral en la Atención Primaria de Salud (APS). Método Estudio metodológico con cinco etapas: establecimiento de la estructura conceptual; construcción de preguntas y escala de respuestas; estructuración; validez de contenido con expertos; y análisis semántico con profesionales de la salud. Resultados La construcción de la estructura conceptual con revisión de la literatura, el análisis de investigadores, expertos y profesionales de la salud finalizó la escala con 36 preguntas. El ambiente de trabajo está influenciado por las condiciones de trabajo, cuestiones de administración y gestión, salud de los trabajadores, cargas de trabajo, aprecio y motivación, violencia y estrategias para un ambiente de trabajo saludable. Se realizó el Índice de Validez de Contenido (IVC) y Porcentaje de Concordancia, con valores de 0,96 (IVC) y 96% de Concordancia, respectivamente. Conclusiones e implicaciones para la práctica La escala fue desarrollada y mostró concordancia, según la prueba de validez de contenido realizada por expertos y profesionales de la salud. Así, la escala está lista para pasar por otros procesos de validación y puede contribuir a la práctica de los investigadores de salud en la evaluación del clima laboral.

Abstract Objective To describe the stages of constructing a scale to evaluate the work environment in Primary Health Care. Method methodological study with five stages: establishment of the conceptual structure; construction of questions and response scale; structuring; content validity with experts and semantic analysis with health professionals. Results construction of the conceptual structure with literature review, the analysis of researchers, experts and health professionals finalized the scale with 36 questions. The work environment is influenced by working conditions, administration and management issues, worker health, workloads, appreciation and motivation, violence and strategies for a healthy work environment. The Content Validity Index (CVI) and Percentage of agreement were performed, with values of 0.96 (CVI) and 96% agreement, respectively. Conclusions and implications for practice the scale was developed and showed agreement, according to the content validity test by experts and health professionals. Thus, the scale is capable of being used for other validation process and can contribute to the practice of health researchers in assessing the work environment.

Tecnologias de informação e comunicação: revisão de escopo dos instrumentos de avaliação dos fatores de risco psicossociais no trabalho contemporâneo / Information and communication technologies: a scoping review of instruments to evaluate psychosocial risk factors at contemporary work

Resumo Introdução: a pandemia da COVID-19 desencadeou uma recessão global e o aumento da precarização do trabalho. Nesse cenário, o uso intensivo das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC) contribuiu para o surgimento de novos fatores de riscos psicossociais no trabalho (FRPT) e para o aumento da ocorrência de transtornos mentais nos trabalhadores. Objetivos: identificar instrumentos que avaliam os FRPT disponíveis na literatura e verificar se eles incorporaram as novas dimensões psicossociais do trabalho mediadas pelas TIC. Métodos: revisão de escopo, com busca nas bases PubMed, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Embase, Scopus e Web of Science, de artigos publicados no período de 1990 a 2023 seguindo as recomendações do Instituto Joanna Briggs e do PRISMA-ScR . Buscou-se agrupar estudos e instrumentos relevantes e identificar lacunas. Resultados: foram selecionados 18 instrumentos, de 3.424 artigos. Dez deles incluíram escalas/dimensões previstas no PRIMA-EF, dois incluíram dimensões do uso das TIC e seis foram considerados específicos para a avaliação de FRPT por TIC. Conclusão: destacam-se a importância do uso dos instrumentos de acordo com o contexto em que foram desenvolvidos, os fatores de estresse digital que ainda não foram considerados nesses questionários e a relevância do suporte da organização para a redução do tecnoestresse nos trabalhadores.

Abstract Introduction: the COVID-19 pandemic triggered a global recession and increased work precarity. In this scenario, the intensive use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) contributed to the appearance of new occupational psychosocial hazards, and the increase of mental disorders among workers. Objectives: to identify instruments that assess occupational psychosocial risks and stress available in literature and verify whether they include the new psychosocial work dimensions caused by ICTs. Methods: a scope review was conducted by searching the PubMed, BvS, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science databases for articles published between 1990 and 2023, following the Joanna Briggs Institute and PRISMA-ScR recommendations. It sought to group the relevant studies and instruments and identify gaps that should be observed. Results: bibliographic search identified 18 instruments, from 3424 articles. Ten included scales/dimensions foreseen by PRIMA-EF, two included dimensions on ICT use and six were considered specific for assessing ICT-related occupational psychosocial risks. Conclusion: the study highlights the importance of using context-appropriate instruments, the digital stress factors yet to be included in these questionnaires and the relevance of organizational support to reduce technostress in workers.

Exposure to Workplace Incivility During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Turnover Intentions Among Nursing Professionals

The COVID-19 pandemic was found to be associated with work stress among workers in healthcare organizations, and it may have increased the risk of experiencing workplace incivility. It is a form of interpersonal mistreatment and becoming a huge concern due to its negative implications both on employees’ well-being and organizations’ efficiency. A descriptive quantitative research design was employed to investigate the experiences of workplace incivility among nursing professionals and the relationship of workplace incivility with turnover intentions. The study sample comprised 190 female nurses who are foreign nationals and are employed in hospitals located in the Ha’il region of Saudi Arabia. The data on study variables were collected on reliable and valid measures of workplace incivility and turnover intentions. Multiple regression analysis was applied to determine the predictive relationship between workplace incivility with turnover intentions among nursing professionals. The adjusted R-square value depicts that 64% of the variation in turnover intentions can be explained by workplace incivility and the regression coefficient value illustrates that workplace incivility significantly (?=.79; p<0.001) predicts intention to leave the organization among nursing professionals. The findings emphasize necessary actions to promote mutual respect and prohibition of uncivilized behaviors at the workplace to decrease turnover intentions.

Asociación entre comportamientos ofensivos y riesgo de burnout y depresión en trabajadores de la salud / Association between offensive behaviors and burnout and depression risks in health workers / Associação entre comportamentos ofensivos e risco de burnout e de depressão em trabalhadores de saúde

Objetivo: evaluar la incidencia de conductas ofensivas en el trabajo, las características y la asociación con el sexo, el estrés, el burnout y la depresión en trabajadores de la salud. Método: estudio transversal, descriptivo, cuantitativo, realizado con 125 trabajadores del Sistema Único de Salud brasileño. Los datos fueron recolectados entre junio de 2021 y abril de 2022, por medio de tres cuestionarios autoadministrados que evalúan características personales y ocupacionales; comportamientos ofensivos, estrés y burnout y síntomas de depresión. Se aplicó estadística descriptiva, prueba de asociación chi-cuadrado y análisis de regresión logística Resultados: el 44% de la muestra declararon 83 conductas y las amenazas de violencia fueron las más frecuentes (26%). Técnicos/auxiliares de enfermería, enfermeros y médicos fueron los profesionales más expuestos. El principal agresor fue el paciente; excepto en el caso del bullying, que fue perpetrado por los compañeros de trabajo (48%). Hubo asociación entre conductas ofensivas y burnout (OR: 4,73; IC 95%: 1,29-17,3; p=0,02) y entre conductas ofensivas y síntomas de depresión (OR: 1,05; IC 95%: 1,01-1,10; p=0,02). Conclusión: la práctica de conductas ofensivas en el trabajo en salud es frecuente y característica; el burnout y los síntomas de depresión aumentaron, respectivamente, 4,73 y 1,05 veces las posibilidades de que el trabajador sufriera esas conductas ofensivas en el ambiente de trabajo.

Objective: to evaluate the occurrence of offensive behaviors at work, their characteristics and association with sex, stress, burnout and depression in health workers. Method: a cross-sectional, descriptive and quantitative study carried out with 125 workers from the Brazilian Unified Health System. The data were collected from June 2021 to April 2022 through three self-applied questionnaires that assess personal and occupational characteristics; offensive behaviors, stress and burnout; and depressive symptoms. Descriptive statistics, the chi-square association test and logistic regression analysis were applied. Results: 44% of the sample reported 83 behaviors, with threats of violence as the most frequent ones (26%). Nursing technicians/assistants, nurses and physicians were the most exposed professionals. The main aggressors were the patients, except for bullying, which was perpetrated by co-workers (48%). There was an association between offensive behaviors and burnout (OR: 4.73; 95% CI: 1.29-17.3; p=0.02) and between offensive behaviors and depression symptoms (OR: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.01-1.10; p=0.02). Conclusion: the occurrence of offensive behaviors in health work is frequent and characteristic and burnout and depressive symptoms respectively increased 4.73 and 1.05 times the chances of workers suffering these offensive behaviors in the work environment.

Objetivo: avaliar a ocorrência de comportamentos ofensivos no trabalho, suas características e associação com o sexo, estresse, burnout e depressão em trabalhadores de saúde. Método: estudo transversal, descritivo, de natureza quantitativa, realizado com 125 trabalhadores do Sistema Único de Saúde brasileiro. Os dados foram coletados no período de junho de 2021 a abril de 2022, por meio de três questionários autoaplicáveis que avaliam as características pessoais e ocupacionais; comportamentos ofensivos, estresse e burnout e sintomas depressivos. Estatística descritiva, teste de associação Qui-Quadrado e análise de regressão logística foram aplicados. Resultados: 44% da amostra referiram 83 comportamentos, sendo as ameaças de violência mais frequentes (26%). Técnicos/auxiliares de enfermagem, enfermeiros e médicos foram os profissionais mais expostos. O principal agressor foi o paciente, exceto quanto ao bullying, perpetrado por colegas de trabalho (48%). Houve associação entre comportamentos ofensivos e burnout (OR: 4,73; IC 95%: 1,29-17,3; p=0,02) e entre comportamentos ofensivos e sintomas de depressão (OR: 1,05; IC 95%: 1,01-1,10; p=0,02). Conclusão: a ocorrência de comportamentos ofensivos no trabalho em saúde é frequente e característica; o burnout e os sintomas depressivos aumentaram, respectivamente, 4,73 e 1,05 vezes as chances de o trabalhador sofrer estes comportamentos ofensivos no ambiente de trabalho.

Estratégias para promoção do clima ético positivo sob a perspectiva de enfermeiros hospitalares / Strategies to promote a positive ethical climate from the perspective of hospital nurses / Estrategias para promover un clima ético positivo desde la perspectiva de los enfermeros hospitalarios

Objetivo: analisar as estratégias de promoção do clima ético positivo sob a perspectiva de enfermeiros hospitalares. Método: estudo qualitativo e descritivo exploratório, realizado com 182 enfermeiros de um hospital universitário do sul do Brasil. A coleta dos dados ocorreu por meio de um questionário sociodemográfico, laboral e uma pergunta aberta sobre estratégias de promoção do clima ético positivo. A organização dos dados ocorreu no software Atlas TI 8.0, versão 2019, e aplicou-se análise temática dos dados. Recebeu aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da instituição envolvida. Resultados: a macro categoria "Organização do trabalho" elencou itens sobre as relações na equipe, gestão, educação permanente e condições de trabalho. A macro categoria "Dimensão ética do trabalho" se referiu a exigências, valores pessoais e profissionais, expressão e sensibilidade moral. Conclusão: as estratégias de melhores condições de trabalho e organização, bem como o tratamento das questões éticas e relações interpessoais promovem o clima ético positivo(AU)

Objective: to analyze strategies for promoting a positive ethical climate from the perspective of hospital nurses. Method: qualitative and descriptive exploratory study, carried out with 182 nurses from a university hospital in southern Brazil. Data collection occurred through a sociodemographic and employment questionnaire and an open question about strategies for promoting a positive ethical climate. The data was organized using the Atlas TI 8.0 software, version 2019, and thematic analysis of the data was applied. It received approval from the Research Ethics Committee of the institution involved. Results: the macro category "Work organization" listed items on team relationships, management, continuing education and working conditions. The macro category "Ethical dimension of work" referred to demands, personal and professional values, expression and moral sensitivity. Conclusion: strategies for better working conditions and organization, as well as the treatment of ethical issues and interpersonal relationships promote a positive ethical climate(AU)

Objetivo: analizar las estrategias para promover un clima ético positivo desde la perspectiva de los enfermeros hospitalarios. Método: estudio cualitativo y descriptivo exploratorio, realizado junto a 182 enfermeros de un hospital universitario del sur de Brasil. La recolección de datos tuvo lugar mediante un cuestionario sociodemográfico y laboral y una pregunta abierta sobre estrategias para promover un clima ético positivo. Los datos se organizaron por medio del software Atlas TI 8.0, versión 2019, y se aplicó análisis temático de los datos. Recibió la aprobación del Comité de Ética en Investigación de la institución involucrada. Resultados: la macro categoría "Organización del trabajo" enumeró ítems sobre las relaciones en el equipo, la gestión, la educación continua y las condiciones de trabajo. La macro categoría "Dimensión ética del trabajo" hacía referencia a exigencias, valores personales y profesionales, expresión y sensibilidad moral. Conclusión: las estrategias para mejores condiciones de trabajo y organización, así como el tratamiento de las cuestiones éticas y las relaciones interpersonales promueven un clima ético positivo(AU)

Workplace health promotion programs among health workers: a systematic literature review

Objective: To identify the effect of workplace health promotion activities (WHPA) on the health status of health personnel. Methodology: A systematic literature review was performed. Six computerized databases were used to search for studies on the effect of at least one health promotion activity on the health status of health personnel. Studies were included if they were published in peer-reviewed and indexed journals and were written either in English, Spanish, or Portuguese. Information such as study population, sample size, type of study, outcome, and health promotion activities performed were extracted from each publication. All the included articles were measured in terms of their methodological quality, including the risk of bias. Results: Lower scores on perceived stress, emotional exhaustion, and mood symptoms were reported. An improvement in sleep hours and quality and a reduction in dietary sodium intake were informed. Improvements in participants' dietary habits, weight loss, and body fat percentage, along with increased physical activity and a reduction in pain levels were reported. A reduction in the prevalence of cigarette smoking was found. Conclusions: WHPAs can enhance physical and mental health, and overall well-being, and encouraging healthier behaviors among health personnel. Most of the studies targeting mental health focused their efforts primarily on reducing healthcare workers' perceived stress. WHPAs that addressed both diet and physical activity behaviors were more effective at improving weight outcomes than those that used only one approximation. Overall, this study offers valuable information on the impact of worksite-based health promotion interventions, including the effect of different strategies applied.

Objetivo: Identificar el efecto de las actividades de promoción de la salud en el lugar de trabajo (APST) sobre el estado de salud del personal sanitario. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura. Se utilizaron seis bases de datos computarizadas para buscar estudios sobre el efecto de al menos una actividad de promoción de la salud en el estado de salud del personal sanitario. Se incluyeron los estudios publicados en revistas revisadas por pares e indexadas y escritos en inglés, español o portugués. De cada publicación se extrajo información como la población del estudio, el tamaño de la muestra, el tipo de estudio, el resultado y las actividades de promoción de la salud realizadas. Se analizaron todos los artículos incluidos en términos de su calidad metodológica, teniendo en cuenta el riesgo de sesgo. Resultados: Se registraron puntuaciones menos elevadas en el estrés percibido, agotamiento emocional y alteración del estado de ánimo. Se informó de una mejoría en las horas y la calidad del sueño, y de una reducción de la ingesta de sodio en la dieta. Se registraron mejorías en los hábitos alimentarios de los participantes, pérdida de peso y porcentaje de grasa corporal, así como un aumento de la actividad física y una reducción de los niveles de dolor. Se observó una reducción de la prevalencia del tabaquismo. Conclusiones: Las AMPS pueden mejorar la salud física y mental, así como el bienestar general, y fomentar comportamientos más saludables entre el personal sanitario. La mayoría de los estudios dirigidos a la salud mental centraron sus esfuerzos principalmente en reducir el estrés percibido por el personal sanitario. Las AMPS que abordaron tanto los comportamientos relacionados con la alimentación como con la actividad física fueron más eficaces a la hora de mejorar los resultados en cuanto al peso que las que sólo utilizaron una aproximación. En general, este estudio ofrece información valiosa sobre el impacto de las intervenciones de promoción de la salud en el lugar de trabajo, así como el efecto de las distintas estrategias aplicadas

Objetivo: Identificar o efeito das atividades de promoção da saúde no local de trabalho (APST) sobre o estado de saúde do pessoal sanitário. Metodologia: Realizou-se uma revisão sistemática da literatura. Utilizaram-se seis bases de dados computadorizadas para procurar estudos sobre o efeito de pelo menos uma atividade de promoção da saúde no estado da saúde do pessoal sanitário. Incluíram-se os estudos publicados em revistas revisadas por pares e indexadas e escritos em inglês, espanhol ou português. De cada publicação coletou-se informação como a população do estudo, o tamanho da amostra, o tipo de estudo, o resultado e as atividades de promoção da saúde realizadas. Analisaram-se todos os artigos incluídos em termos de sua qualidade metodológica, levando em consideração o risco de viés. Resultados: Registraram-se números menos elevados no estresse percebido, esgotamento emocional e alteração do estado de ânimo. Foi informada uma melhora nas horas e na qualidade do sono, e uma redução da ingesta de sódio na dieta. Registraram-se melhoras nos mejorías en los hábitos alimentarios de los participantes, pérdida de peso y porcentaje de grasa corporal, así como un aumento de la actividad física y una reducción de los niveles de dolor. Se observó una reducción de la prevalencia del tabaquismo. Conclusiones: Las APST pueden mejorar la salud física y mental, así como el bienestar general, y fomentar comportamientos más saludables entre el personal sanitario. La mayoría de los estudios dirigidos a la salud mental centraron sus esfuerzos principalmente en reducir el estrés percibido por el personal sanitario. Las APST que abordaron tanto los comportamientos relacionados con la alimentación como con la actividad física fueron más eficaces a la hora de mejorar los resultados en cuanto al peso que las que sólo utilizaron una aproximación. En general, este estudio ofrece información valiosa sobre el impacto de las intervenciones de promoción de la salud en el lugar de trabajo, así como el efecto de las distintas estrategias aplicadas.

Impact of a Three-Week Workplace Vocal Health Promotion Program on a Teacher and Students' Voice Parameters

Objective: To determine the effect on voice parameters in pupils and their teacher of a three-week Workplace Vocal Health Promotion Program (WVHPP) in a school setting. Methods: Longitudinal study with a design phase and a pilot phase. Voice recordings of connected speech were used to collect information on voice functioning before and after the implementation of the program. The workplace vocal health promotion program was implemented with two purposes: (1) to reduce noisy conditions inside the classrooms that may cause loud voice production, which has been found associated with voice disorders among teachers and students and (2) to increase awareness about the relationship between noise and voice inside the classrooms. Results: The WVHPP was found to be statistically associated with a decrease in the fundamental frequency, standard deviation of the fundamental frequency, sound pressure levels, and SPL standard deviation among both pupils and their teacher. However, there was no statistically significant effect on cepstral peak prominence smoothed. Conclusion: The three-week WVHPP was found to have a significant impact on several acoustic parameters, such as the fundamental frequency and sound pressure levels. These findings highlight the potential of the WVHPP as an effective intervention for improving the vocal health of both teachers and students. However, the lack of a significant effect on cepstral peak prominence smoothed suggests that further research is needed to fully understand the impact of the WVHPP on voice quality.

Objetivo: Determinar el efecto en los parámetros de voz de los alumnos y su profesora de un Programa de tres semanas de Promoción de la Salud Vocal en el lugar de trabajo en un entorno escolar. Métodos: Estudio longitudinal con una fase de diseño y una fase piloto. Se utilizaron grabaciones de voz de habla conectada para recopilar información sobre el funcionamiento de la voz antes y después de la implementación del programa. El programa de promoción de la salud vocal en el lugar de trabajo se implementó con dos propósitos: (1) Reducir las condiciones ruidosas dentro de las aulas que pueden causar una producción de voz a alta intensidad, lo que se ha encontrado asociado con trastornos de la voz entre profesores y estudiantes; y (2) Aumentar la conciencia sobre la relación entre el ruido y la voz dentro de las aulas. Resultados: Se encontró que el Programa de Promoción de la Salud Vocal en el lugar de trabajo estaba estadísticamente asociado con una disminución de la frecuencia fundamental, la desviación estándar de la frecuencia fundamental, los niveles de presión sonora y la desviación estándar de la presión sonora, tanto en los alumnos como en su profesor. Sin embargo, no hubo un efecto estadísticamente significativo en la prominencia del pico cepstral suavizado. Conclusión: Se encontró que el programa de tres semanas tenía un impacto significativo en varios parámetros acústicos, como la frecuencia fundamental y los niveles de presión sonora. Estos hallazgos destacan el potencial del programa como una intervención eficaz para mejorar la salud vocal tanto de profesores como de estudiantes. Sin embargo, la falta de un efecto significativo en la prominencia del pico cepstral suavizado sugiere que se necesita más investigación para comprender completamente el impacto del programa en la calidad vocal.