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Objective: To study the effect of the inoculation time of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi on endogenous hormone content in Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis seedlings. Methods: The indoor pot test was applied. The seeds, one-year-old seedlings, and two-year-old seedlings of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis were inoculated by different mixed AM fungi and cultivated in the sterilized soil matrix respectively. The contents of endogenous hormone zeatin riboside (ZR), gibberellin (GA), indole acetic acid (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA) were determined by HPLC. Results: The results showed that the endogenous hormone (ZR, GA, IAA and ABA) contents in rhizome and fibrous roots of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis from different regions or different time inoculated by mixed AM fungi were various. As a whole, the contents of endogenous hormone ZR and GA increased obviously in the rhizome and fibrous roots of the wild and cultivated P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis compared with the control group (CK), while the content of ABA reduced. The IAA/ABA value, GA/ABA value and ZR/ABA value increased obviously in the rhizome and fibrous roots of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis. Conclusion: The one-year-old of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis inoculated with S2 and S6 mixed AM fungi showed the best comprehensive effect for promoting growth of the rhizome and fibrous roots of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis seedlings.
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Objective To study the regulation among the content of L-borneol and four endogenous hormones and the activity of three anti-oxidant enzymes in Blumea balsamifera leaves located at different leaf positions and the concentration of inducer and the sampling time. Methods Methyle Jasmonate (MeJA) of 0.01 mmol/L, 0.10 mmol/L, 1.00 mmol/L, and 10.00 mmol/L was chosen for exogenous inducer in this experiment. The leaves of B. balsamifera located at different leaf positions (tender leaves, mature leaves, aged leaves) were experimental materials. The active content of L-borneol, the content of four endogenous hormones of auxin (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellic acid (GA3), and zeatin (ZT), and the activity of three antioxidant enzymes of peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were detection indexes. Results The results showed that the effect of 1.00 mmol/L MeJA on the accumulation of L-borneol was good. The changes of anti-oxidant enzymes induced by different concentrations of MeJA were complex. For the content of POD, except that the B. balsamifera leaves treated with 10.00 mmol/L MeJA were lower than that in the control, POD were significantly higher than those of the control (P < 0.05) at 72 h in other conditions. Under the induction of 10.00 mmol/L MeJA, the CAT content of the B. balsamifera leaves at three leaf positions was highest at 24 h, and the activity of CAT was decreased rapidly over time. Under the MeJA treatments of other concentrations, the activities of CAT in young leaves and old leaves were significantly lower than those in the control at 72 h, but higher than those in the control at 72 h except for the treatment of 0.1 mmol/L MeJA in mature leaves. The content of SOD in the three leaf positions was lower than the control except that the B. balsamifera leaves treated with 1 mmol/L MeJA was significantly higher than that of the control after 48 h. The rest of the concentration of superoxide dismutase were lower than the control. Low concentration of MeJA (≤ 0.10 mmol/L) could promote the accumulation of IAA, GA3, and ZT in leaves of B. balsamifera, whereas the high concentration of MeJA (≥ 10.00 mmol/L) could promote the accumulation of ABA. Conclusion Under the induction of exogenous MeJA (1.00 mmol/L), B. balsamifera can promote the accumulation of active ingredients, providing a theoretical basis for its cultivation and production.
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A competitive hyper-immune yolk Immunoglobulin Y - Enzyme Linked Immune Sorbent Assay (CIgY-ELISA), was developed as an alternative method to detect zeatin and 2ip in plantlets of gerbera. The endogenous level of hormones in the plantlets in vitro of gerbera with one or six weeks after replication was determined with competitive IgY-ELISA set to detect between 1 and 100 pmoles of plant hormone for each 1.0 g tissue. The plantlets of six weeks presented sprouts and root, while the plantlets of one week presented only sprouts. The CIgY-ELISA was set with high independent variables values of sensitivity/specificity of 96/89 percent for zeatin and 94/78 percent for 2ip, with high values of reproducibility (up to 90 percent) for both the cytokinins. Zeatin content varied from 2.2 to 2.8 pmoles.g-1 and from 2.7 to 3.3 pmoles.g-1 on the plantlet with one and six weeks, respectively. The 2ip content did not vary and was detected near the detection limit in all the assays. It was concluded that the observed capabilities of CIgY-ELISA were putative and the competitive assay was a highly robust and stable method, which could be used for the studies on plant physiology for endogenous cytokinins.