Factors associated with mortality from tuberculosis in Iran: an application of a generalized estimating equation-based zero-inflated negative binomial model to national registry data / 한국역학회지

OBJECTIVES: Tuberculosis (TB) is a global public health problem that causes morbidity and mortality in millions of people per year. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of potential risk factors with TB mortality in Iran. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed on 9,151 patients with TB from March 2017 to March 2018 in Iran. Data were gathered from all 429 counties of Iran by the Ministry of Health and Medical Education and Statistical Center of Iran. In this study, a generalized estimating equation-based zero-inflated negative binomial model was used to determine the effect of related factors on TB mortality at the community level. For data analysis, R version 3.4.2 was used with the relevant packages. RESULTS: The risk of mortality from TB was found to increase with the unemployment rate (β

Factors associated with mortality from tuberculosis in Iran: an application of a generalized estimating equation-based zero-inflated negative binomial model to national registry data / 한국역학회지

OBJECTIVES: Tuberculosis (TB) is a global public health problem that causes morbidity and mortality in millions of people per year. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of potential risk factors with TB mortality in Iran.METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed on 9,151 patients with TB from March 2017 to March 2018 in Iran. Data were gathered from all 429 counties of Iran by the Ministry of Health and Medical Education and Statistical Center of Iran. In this study, a generalized estimating equation-based zero-inflated negative binomial model was used to determine the effect of related factors on TB mortality at the community level. For data analysis, R version 3.4.2 was used with the relevant packages.RESULTS: The risk of mortality from TB was found to increase with the unemployment rate (β

Factores asociados al dolor musculoesquelético en población trabajadora chilena / Factors associated with musculoskeletal pain in Chilean working population

OBJETIVO: Identificar factores asociados al reporte de dolor atribuido al trabajo en la población chilena. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un análisis utilizando la Primera Encuesta Nacional de Condiciones de Empleo, Trabajo, Salud y Calidad de vida de trabajadores en Chile 20092010. La variable resultado fue el número de localizaciones con reporte de dolor atribuido al trabajo. Se incluyeron en el análisis factores demográficos y socioeconómicos, condiciones de trabajo, conductas de salud y factores personales. Se utilizó regresiones de Poisson cero-inflado para estimar la contribución de los distintos factores sobre el dolor reportado. RESULTADOS: Uno de cada dos trabajadores reporta dolor. Ser mujer se asocia a un mayor reporte de dolor (RP: 1,47), disminuyendo en trabajadoras de edad avanzada (RP: 1,37). Los trabajadores expuestos a demandas físicas reportan 64% más localizaciones con dolor. La demanda psicológica, el bajo apoyo socio-laboral y la baja autonomía en el trabajo se asocian a mayor reporte de dolor (RP: 1,29, RP: 1,13, RP: 1,23, respectivamente). DISCUSIÓN Y CONCLUSIONES: El género y la edad son factores relevantes en el reporte del dolor asociado a trabajo. Este efecto es independiente de las distintas condiciones laborales, identificando importantes diferencias entre los distintos grupos de edad.

OBJECTIVE: Identify factors associated to pain due to work related activities, reported by chilean workers. METHODS: We conducted an analysis of the First National Survey of Work Conditions, Work, Health and workers' Quality of Life, conducted in Chile in 2009-2010. The result variable was the reported number of body parts with pain due to work. The analysis included sociodemographic variables, working conditions, health behaviors, and personal variables. We conducted zero inflated Poisson regressions to estimate the contribution of the factors on reported pain. RESULTS: One of every two workers reported pain. Women reported more pain than men (PR: 1.47), but this relationship diminished as age increased (PR: 1.37). Workers that were exposed to physicmands reported pain in 64% more body parts. Psychological demand, low social support in work, and low work autonomy were associated to more pain report (PR: 1.29, PR: 1.13, PR: 1.23 respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Gender and age are relevant factors associated to pain report due to work, even when adjusted for working conditions. Significant differences between age groups were identified.

Using zero inflated models to analyze dental caries with many zeroes.

Aim: The study aimed to analyze and determine the factors associated with dental caries experience contains many zeros by zero inflated models. Design: A cross sectional design was employed using clinical examination and questionnaire with interview method. Materials and Methods: A study was conducted during March-August 2007 in Dharwad, Karnataka, India, involved a systematic random samples of 1760 individuals aged 18-40 years. The dental caries examination was carried out by using DMFT index (i.e. Decayed (D), Missing (M), Filled (F)). The DMFT index data contains many zeros were analyzed with Zero Inflated Poisson (ZIP) and Zero Inflated Negative Binomial (ZINB) models. Results: The study findings indicated, the variables such as family size, frequency of brushing and duration of change of toothbrush were positively associated with dental caries. But the variable the frequency of sweet consumption is negatively associated with dental caries experience in Zero Inflated Poisson (ZIP) and Zero Inflated Negative Binomial (ZINB) models. Conclusions: The ZIP model is a very good fit over the standard Poisson model and the ZINB is the better statistical fit compared to the Negative Binomial model. The Zero Inflated Negative Binomial model is better fit over the Zero Inflated Poisson model for modeling the DMF count data.