Regulación de la implantología dental en México / Regulation of dental implantology in Mexico

Introducción: los implantes dentales se han convertido en uno de los tratamientos odontológicos con mayor demanda en todo el mundo, no sólo por el nivel máximo de funcionalidad y de estética, sino también debido a su estabilidad, osteointegración y facilidad en su rehabilitación. Es incierto si los implantes dentales se encuentran normados formalmente en México, lo que motiva a la revisión del estado actual. Objetivo: evidenciar el estado actual de la legislación de la práctica de la implantología dental en México a través de una revisión en la literatura. Material y métodos: revisión de las legislaciones existentes en México para la aplicación de implantes dentales y su contraparte en el mundo a través de la evaluación de normas expedidas en América y Europa. Resultados: se contabilizó un total de 17 escuelas de implantes dentales que cuentan con el reconocimiento de la Secretaría de Educación Pública, de las cuales tres son públicas y 14 privadas. Se presentó una discrepancia en los planes de estudio que va de 16 a 36 meses. Las escuelas no contaron con un aval normativo. Las normas internacionales para control de calidad y aplicación de la tecnología en implantes se ubicaron en Canadá, Estados Unidos, España, Reino Unido y Francia. Conclusiones: contar con un antecedente normativo establecido por los países de primer mundo y ausente en México permite evidenciar la necesidad de implementar una Norma Oficial Mexicana que regule la fabricación, distribución y almacenamiento de los implantes dentales en México. A la vez, la revisión sugiere que la Secretaría de Educación Pública norme los créditos mínimos necesarios en las instituciones educativas reconocidas para la formación de recursos humanos que ejercen la implantología dental (AU)

Introduction: dental implants have become one of the dental treatments with the highest demand in the world, not only because of the highest level of functionality and aesthetics, but also because of their stability, osseointegration and ease of rehabilitation. It is uncertain if dental implants are formally regulated in Mexico, which motivates the review of the current status. Objective: to demonstrate the current state of the legislation for the practice of dental implantology in Mexico through a review of the literature. Material and methods: review of the existing legislation in Mexico, for the application of dental implants and its counterpart in the world, through the evaluation of standards issued in America and Europe. Results: a total of 17 dental implant schools that have the recognition of the Ministry of Public Education were counted, of which 3 are public and 14 private. There was a discrepancy in the study plans that ranged from 16 to 36 months. Schools will not have regulatory backing. The international standards for quality control and application of technology in implants were located in Canada, the United States, Spain, the United Kingdom and France. Conclusions: having a normative antecedent established by the countries of the first world and absent in Mexico, allows to demonstrate the need for the implementation of an Official Mexican Standard, which regulates the manufacture, distribution and storage of dental implants in Mexico. At the same time, the review suggests that the Ministry of Public Education regulate the minimum necessary credits in recognized educational institutions, for the training of human resources that practice dental implantology (AU)

Clinical effect of titanium-zirconium small-diameter implants in the anterior esthetic zone / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@#To investigate the clinical effect of a titanium-zirconium small-diameter implant in anterior teeth with bone deficiencies in the esthetic area and to provide a basis for clinical application of this implant. @* Methods @# A retrospective analysis was performed using clinical data from 30 patients with a missing alveolar ridge width < 5.5 mm and a titanium-zirconium 3.3 mm diameter implant prosthesis in the anterior esthetic region. A total of 38 titanium-zirconium implants with a diameter of 3.3 mm were implanted in 30 patients. Clinical examination and CBCT were performed 12 and 24 months after implantation to evaluate the success rate and marginal bone resorption of the 3.3 mm small-diameter titanium-zirconium implants. The modified plaque index, improved gingival sulcus bleeding index, exploration depth, pink esthetic score (PES) and prosthetic complications were measured and recorded.@*Results @#The 24-month success rate of the implant was 100%. The average marginal bone resorption height was 0.51 ± 0.20 mm at 12 months after implant placement and 0.59 ± 0.18 mm at 24 months. The edge bone height did not change significantly (t=1.381, P=0.178). No significant differences were found in the modified plaque index around the implant, modified sulcus bleeding index and probing depth between 12 and 24 months (P > 0.05), and the gingival health was good. The PES value was 9.77 ± 1.48 at 12 months and 10.77 ± 1.50 at 24 months (t=0.426, P=0.672). The PES was increased at 24 months versus 12 months, but this difference was not significant (P > 0.05). The overall esthetic effect was good, and no complications occurred after repair.@*Conclusion@# Titanium-zirconium small-diameter implants can achieve good short-term clinical results in the esthetic area of the anterior teeth.