Experiencia inédita de enseñar via remota procedimientos restauradores directos e indirectos a través de la plataforma Zoom usando el modelo de simulación nivel 1 en tiempos de COVID-19: Clínica Integral del Adulto III y IV 2021 / Unprecedented experience of teaching direct and indirect restorative procedures through the Zoom platform using the type 2 simulation model in times of COVID-19: Integral Adult Clinic III and IV 2021

RESUMEN La COVID-19 y la continuidad de la emergencia sanitaria han generado que durante el 2021 se mantenga el distanciamiento social y los cuidados en el aforo de los espacios públicos. Esto ha ocasionado que la presencialidad a clases aún se vea afectada, obligando a que las instituciones de educación superior continúen via remota sus actividades. La carrera de odontología es eminentemente práctica, en ese sentido muchos de los cursos tuvieron que experimentar una adecuación a esta nueva contingencia. En el presente artículo se presentan las adecuaciones, estrategias y metodologías en dos cursos de carrera eminentemente clínicos que se imparten en el sexto y séptimo ciclo de la carrera de odontológia de la Facultad de Estomatología de la Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, denominados Clínica Integral del Adulto III y Clínica Integral del Adulto IV que se imparten en el primer y segundo semestre de cada año. Se muestra como se llevó a cabo estos cursos usando la plataforma Zoom via remota y un modelo de simulación nivel 1 (Maqueta-UPCH) con el objetivo de llevar a cabo la adquisición de competencias por parte de los alumnos. Esta es una experiencia inédita nunca antes descrita a la fecha.

ABSTRACT COVID-19 and the continuity of the health emergency have led to the maintenance of social distancing and care in the capacity of public spaces during 2021. This continues to cause attendance at classes to be affected, forcing higher education institutions to continue their activities remotely. The dentistry career is eminently practical, in that sense many courses had to experience an adaptation to this new contingency. This article presents the adaptations, strategies and methodologies in two eminently clinical career courses that are taught in the sixth and seventh cycle of the dentistry career of the Faculty of Dentistry of the Cayetano Heredia Peruvian University, called Integral Adult Clinic. III and Integral Clinic for Adults IV, which are taught in the first and second semesters of each year. It shows how these courses were carried out using the Zoom platform remotely and a level 1 simulation model (Manenquin-UPCH) with the aim of carrying out the acquisition of skills by the students. This is an unprecedented experience never before described to date.

Application and effect evaluation of " ChaoXing + Zoom" teaching in nursing experimental teaching / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To explore the application effect of online teaching mode on nursing experimental course.Methods:A total of 615 students in 4 classes of the Batch 2017 nursing undergraduates completed learning tasks such as teaching videos, notifications and tests on the ChaoXing platform (hereinafter as "ChaoXing"). And they learned online and had interactive discussions through Zoom cloud meeting system (hereinafter as "Zoom"). Online questionnaires were conducted to collect feedback on classroom teaching effects. SPSS 25.0 was performed for statistical analysis.Results:Among all nursing students, 445 (76.72%) students rated the content of the experimental course with a score of 16 or above, 540 (93.11%) ones felt that the "course content integrity" was good, 439 (75.70%) ones felt that "they have enough time to understand the important and difficult knowledge", 432 (74.48%) ones thought that "this learning method is very interesting", and 181 (31.21%) ones believed that "compared to the traditional way, this kind of teaching method is preferred" and thought online teaching could effectively enhance the enthusiasm for learning at home. While, 185 (31.90%) students disagreed with those above because that the instability of the network affected the sense of class experience, the lack of molds at home and the simulated clinical environment affected the sense of participation, and the inconvenience of taking notes or without books, etc.Conclusion:The "ChaoXing + Zoom" teaching method has been applied to nursing experimental teaching and achieved good results, but it still needs to assist offline practice to consolidate operational knowledge and skills. This teaching method is worthy of popularization and application during the epidemic period.

Working Group Report (Practice article 2) : Online Interprofessional Education Stepwise Interprofessional Education through Inter-University Collaboration at the University of Tsukuba (1) / 医学教育

For this second report, we divided the efforts of the University of Tsukuba into two parts. In the first part, we introduced the Interprofessional program, an inter-university collaborative educational program between the University of Tsukuba and Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, this program was conducted using TBL (Team-based learning) in a large conference room. After the pandemic, this was conducted online (using Zoom). The main changes due to the online implementation were the following five points; (1) online faculty meetings, (2) advance distribution of materials, (3) testing using Google Forms, (4) group work using the breakout function, and (5) simultaneous editing using Google Docs. In the future, we would like to examine the possibility of new educational methods while creating innovations that are possible only through online interprofessional educational programs.

Committee report (Practice Article1) : Online Interprofessional Education / 医学教育

It is difficult to implement interprofessional education (IPE) in the classroom due to COVID-19. To share our knowledge of online IPE, we report on how we provided IPE for first-year students at two universities. At Mie University, a class was implemented to use Zoom. Quizzes and chats promoted interactions between instructors and students. At Hokkaido University of Science, an online team medical experience game was conducted via Zoom and a Learning Management System (LMS). The activity promoted interaction between students through gameplay and clear instructions. In both cases, students could successfully develop online IPE based on existing learning methods. Through their experience, it was clear that students are able to understand other professionals’ roles. They were also to commit to membership and/or teamship. On the other hand, students faced challenges with faculty familiarity and time allocation.

COVID-19 and dental emergencies: reflections on teledentistry / COVID-19 e emergências odontológicas: reflexões em teleodontologia

Early in 2020, the COVID-19 virus spread throughout the world. On March 11, 2020 the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a pandemic due to the level of spread and the severity of the disease. In efforts to control the spread of COVID-19 and reduce the number of new infections and deaths, people around the world took steps that had not been taken in modern history. As countries and locales issued "shelter in place edicts" the economic and social impact on businesses and professions was dramatic. The field of dentistry was similarly affected as edicts were made by governmental officials that elective dental procedures be stopped. In the state of Iowa, Governor Kim Reynolds issued a proclamation mandating that effective March 27, 2020 all dentists and their staff refrain from performing "elective dental procedures and nonessential or elective surgeries". With this turn of events, dental practices across the state were effectively shut down, only being allowed to treat emergency patients. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Iowa Dental Board, Delta Dental of Iowa, and the University of Iowa College of Dentistry shared an interest in exploring telehealth as a means of improving access to dental care for vulnerable populations. While steady progress was being made prior to the Pandemic, once the practice of dentistry in Iowa was restricted, the interest in telehealth, or "Teledentistry" soared. At the University Of Iowa College Of Dentistry, procedures were put in place to allow all emergency patients to be triaged through Teledentistry prior to being appointed in the Clinic. Using synchronous Teledentistry systems, "e-visits" prior to emergency care became the "new normal". Patients calling in for an emergency appointment were offered a menu of options for these e-visits including: 1) phone call; 2) phone call and sharing of images; or 3) a ZOOM meeting. All e-visits were provided by Dental faculty members at the University of Iowa with experience overseeing patient care in the Dental Emergency Clinic ranging from three to ten years. Final decisions on appointing patients were made by the provider based on existing records (when available), subjective symptoms (pain), objective findings (visible swelling), patients distress level, expectations and availability. During the initial 8-weeks following closure of our dental clinics (March 16-May 15), a total of 491 patients were seen in our dental emergency clinics, all of whom had been triaged by phone calls or e-visits. Most Patients reported overall satisfaction about the procedure. Based on our experience, Teledentistry (e-visits) are a useful tool to help in prioritizing dental emergencies. (AU)

No início de 2020, o vírus da COVID-19 se espalhou pelo mundo. Em 11 de março de 2020, a Organização Mundial da Saúde declarou a COVID-19 uma pandemia devido ao nível de disseminação e à gravidade da doença. Em esforços para controlar a propagação do COVID-19 e reduzir o número de novas infecções e mortes, pessoas em todo o mundo tomaram medidas que nunca haviam sido tomadas na história moderna. Como países e localidades emitiram ordens para ficar em casa, o impacto econômico e social nas empresas e profissões foi dramático. O campo da Odontologia foi afetado da mesma forma, com decretos que interromperam os procedimentos odontológicos eletivos. No estado de Iowa, a governadora emitiu uma proclamação exigindo que, em 27 de março de 2020, todos os dentistas e sua equipe se abstivessem de realizar "procedimentos odontológicos eletivos e cirurgias não essenciais ou eletivas". Com essa decisão, as práticas odontológicas em todo o estado foram efetivamente encerradas, sendo permitidas apenas o tratamento de pacientes emergenciais. Antes da pandemia do COVID-19, o Conselho de Odontologia de Iowa, e a companhia de seguro Delta Dental de Iowa e a Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade de Iowa compartilhavam o interesse de explorar a telessaúde como um meio de melhorar o acesso à assistência odontológica para populações vulneráveis. Enquanto um progresso constante estava sendo feito antes da pandemia, a partir do momento que a prática da Odontologia em Iowa se tornou restrita, o interesse pela telessaúde, ou "teleodontologia", aumentou. Na Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade de Iowa, foram implementados procedimentos para permitir que todos os pacientes de emergência fossem submetidos a uma triagem utilizando Teleodontologia antes de serem marcadas consultas na Clínica. Utilizando sistemas síncronicos de Teleodontologia, as "visitas eletrônicas" antes do atendimento de emergência tornaram-se o "novo normal". Os pacientes que ligavam para uma consulta de emergência receberam um menu de opções para essas visitas eletrônicas, incluindo: 1) telefonema; 2) telefonema e compartilhamento de imagens; ou 3) uma reunião pelo ZOOM. Todas as visitas eletrônicas foram realizadas por professores da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade de Iowa, com experiência de três a dez anos em supervisionar o atendimento a pacientes na Clínica de Emergência Odontológica. As decisões finais sobre a marcação de consultas para os pacientes foram tomadas pelo professores com base em prontuários (quando disponíveis), sintomas subjetivos (dor), achados objetivos (inchaço visível), nível de sofrimento dos pacientes, expectativas e disponibilidade do paciente e profissional. Durante as oito semanas iniciais após o fechamento de nossas clínicas odontológicas (16 de março a 15 de maio), um total de 491 pacientes foram atendidos em nossas clínicas de emergência odontológica, todos eles submetidos a triagem por telefonemas ou visitas eletrônicas. A maioria dos pacientes relatou satisfação geral com o procedimento. Com base em nossa experiência, a Teledentistry (visitas eletrônicas) é uma ferramenta útil para ajudar na priorização de emergências odontológicas (AU)

A multiscale Mueller polarimetry module for a stereo zoom microscope

Mueller polarimetry is a quantitative polarized light imaging modality that is capable of label-free visualization of tissue pathology, does not require extensive sample preparation, and is suitable for wide-field tissue analysis. It holds promise for selected applications in biomedicine, but polarimetry systems are often constrained by limited end-user accessibility and/or long-imaging times. In order to address these needs, we designed a multiscale-polarimetry module that easily couples to a commercially available stereo zoom microscope. This paper describes the module design and provides initial polarimetry imaging results from a murine preclinical breast cancer model and human breast cancer samples. The resultant polarimetry module has variable resolution and field of view, is low-cost, and is simple to switch in or out of a commercial microscope. The module can reduce long imaging times by adopting the main imaging approach used in pathology: scanning at low resolution to identify regions of interest, then at high resolution to inspect the regions in detail. Preliminary results show how the system can aid in region of interest identification for pathology, but also highlight that more work is needed to understand how tissue structures of pathological interest appear in Mueller polarimetry images across varying spatial zoom scales.

Photographic Implication And Basis of Camera Lens.

Our patients expect us to show them what we do, but just making a click is by far not enough to make good intra oral pictures. Being good in photography is an absolute necessity in today’s dentistry. Photographs are not used for diagnosis only but also for communication and medicolegal reasons.This article takes a full and clear review of selection of camera, lenses and camera setting for intra and extra oral shots.We know that good quality accurate clinical photography can easily be obtained using correct focusing technique, proper focal length of lens and aperture size. So aim of his article is to take the readers to the basics of camera lens.

Clinical assessment of whitening efficacy and safety of in-office tooth whitening system containing 15% hydrogen peroxide with or without light activation / 대한치과보존학회지

OBJECTIVES: This clinical study evaluated the effect of light activation on the whitening efficacy and safety of in-office bleaching system containing 15% hydrogen peroxide gel. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-three volunteers were randomly treated with (n = 17, experimental group) or without light activation (n = 16, control group), using Zoom2 white gel (15% H2O2, Discus Dental) for a total treatment time of 45 min. Visual and instrumental color measurements were obtained using Vitapan Classical shade guide and Shadepilot (DeguDent) at screening test, after bleaching, and 1 month and 3 month after bleaching. Data were analyzed using t-test, repeated measure ANOVA, and chi-squared test. RESULTS: Zoom2 white gel produced significant shade changes in both experimental and control group when pre-treatment shade was compared with that after bleaching. However, shade difference between two groups was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Tooth shade relapse was not detected at 3 months after bleaching. The incidence of transient tooth sensitivity was 39.4%, with being no differences between two groups. CONCLUSIONS: The application of light activation with Zoom2 white gel system neither achieved additional whitening effects nor showed more detrimental influences.

Fit of fixture/abutment/screw interfaces of internal connection implant system / 대한치과보철학회지

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Accurate fit between the implant components is important because the misfit of the implant components results in frequent screw loosening, irreversible screw fracture, plaque accumulation, poor soft tissue reaction, and destruction of osseointegration. PURPOSE: This study is to evaluate the machining accuracy and consistency of the implant fixture/abutment/screw interfaces of the internal connection system by using a Stereoscopic Zoom microscope and FE-SEM(field emission scanning electron microscope) MATERIALS AND METHODS: The implant systems selected in this study were internal connection type implants from AVANA(Osstem(R)), Bioplant(Cowell-Medi(R)), Dio(DIO(R)), Neoplant(Neobiotech (R)), Implantium(Dentium(R))systems. Each group was acquired 2 fixtures at random. Two piece type abutment and one piece type abutment for use with each implant system were acquired. Screw were respectively used to hold a two piece type abutment to a implant fixture. The implant fixtures were perpendiculary mounted in acrylic resin block. Each two piece abutment was secured to the implant fixture by screw and one piece abutment also secured to the implant fixture. Abutment/fixture assembly were mounted in liquid unsaturated polyester. All samples were cross-sectioned with grinder-polisher unit. Finally all specimens were analysed the fit between implant fixture/abutment/screw interfaces Results and CONCLUSIONS: 1. Implant fixture/abutment/screw connection interfaces of internal connection systems made in Korea were in good condition. 2. The results of the above study showed that materials and mechanical properties and quality of milling differed depending on their manufacturing companies.