Willingness and influencing factors for cervical cancer screening among women in Chizhou / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To investigate the influencing factors of willingness to screen for cervical cancer in women in Chizhou. Methods A cross-sectional web-based survey of 3,058 migrant women living in Chizhou was conducted through a social media platform. The survey included questionnaires on socioeconomic characteristics, history of cervical cancer screening, knowledge of cervical cancer prevention and treatment, and attitude. The χ2 test and logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of willingness to screen. Results Under 60 years of age, having a spouse or sexual partner (OR=1.368), having a junior high school education or above, living in urban areas (OR = 1.501), local household registration (OR=1.363), high monthly income, and high knowledge of cervical cancer prevention and control (OR=1.198) were positively associated with the rate of willingness to undergo cervical screening. Among attitude barriers, there were statistically significant differences in fear of seeing male doctors (38.23%), fear of seeing poor results (31.92%), belief that screening was painful (23.56%), shyness or embarrassment (20.18%), and belief that they did not need to participate in screening due to asymptomatic (17.56%), having received HPV vaccine (15.86%), or ages at which screening was not considered necessary (15.14%) between the groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Socioeconomic characteristics, knowledge of prevention and treatment, fear of screening experience, and lack of motivation are related factors affecting cervical cancer screening willingness. Achieving cervical cancer elimination requires action to improve screening coverage in socio-economic, health education and women's attitudes.

Morphological analysis of mandibular anterior alveolar bone in high-angle adult females assessed with cone-beam computed tomography / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@#To investigate the features of alveolar bone morphology of mandibular central incisors in high-angle adult females using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and evaluate the influence of aging in these patients.@*Methods@# CBCT and lateral cephalometric images of 142 untreated adult female patients were selected and grouped by facial growth pattern. The number of high-angle cases was increased to 164 to further explore the difference within high-angle adult females who were divided into two groups according to age. The indexes of alveolar bone height and thickness in the lower incisor region and inclination of the lower incisors were measured by Dolphin software. The data was statistically analyzed.@*Results@#Compared with the average-angle group, the high-angle group had a lower alveolar bone attachment level (P < 0.05) and less bone thickness at the root apex level (P < 0.05). The thickness of lingual alveolar bone decreased with labial inclination of the lower incisors in both the high-angle and average-angle groups (r = -0.251, P = 0.025; r = -0.428, P = 0.001, respectively). In hyperdivergent female patients, the middle-aged group had a lower attachment level of alveolar bone than the young group (P < 0.05), but no significant difference in bone thickness at the root apex level (P > 0.05) was found between the two groups@*Conclusion @# High-angle adult females had thinner mandibular anterior alveolar bone with significantly lower attachment levels. Aging and inclination of lower incisors influenced bone morphology and should be taken into careful consideration.

Reference value of lumbar spine bone mineral density and regional differences based on quantitative CT examination in healthy adult female in China / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective:To establish the normal reference value of lumbar bone mineral density (BMD) under quantitative CT (QCT) in Chinese healthy adult females and to explore the regional differences.Methods:Total of 35 431 healthy women who met the inclusion criteria of Chinese health quantitative CT big data program were selected in this study. The BMD of the central plane of L 1 and L 2 vertebrae was measured by Mindways′s QCT system, and the mean value was taken. One-way analysis of variance was used to compare the BMD differences of lumbar vertebrae in women of different ages and regions. The subjects were grouped by an age interval of 10 years, and the level of BMD in different regions of the same age group were compaired. Results:The peak BMD of Chinese healthy adult women appeared in the age group of 20-29 years (Northeast China(183.01±24.58) mg/cm 3, North China (188.93±24.80) mg/cm 3, East China (187.54±27.71) mg/cm 3, South China (186.22±33.72) mg/cm 3, Central China (176.33±24.91) mg/cm 3, Southwest China(182.25±28.00) mg/cm 3), and then it decreased with age. The level of BMD in different regions decreased with the age. Before the age of 70 years, BMD in Central and Southwest China was always at a low level((176.23±24.91) to (90.38±28.12) mg/cm 3, 182.25±28.00 to (88.55±25.68) mg/cm 3), lower than those in Northeast China ((183.01±24.58) to (99.69±27.85) mg/cm 3), North China ((188.93±24.80) to (95.89±26.12) mg/cm 3), East China ((187.54±27.71) to (95.65±27.86) mg/cm 3). After 70 years of age, BMD tended to be the same in different regions ( P>0.05). The BMD values in Central China and Southwest China were similar in the age group of 40-60 years ( P>0.05). The BMD values in the health adult femles in the age group of 60 years in different regions of Chinawere all lower than those of bone mass abnormality (all P<0.05). The detection rate of osteoporosis in females over 50 years was the highest in Southwest China (25.65%) and it was the lowest in North China (17.30%). Conclusions:This study establishes reference values of BMD under QCT in healthy Chinese women, which can be used as a reference basis for identifying women with low BMD who are at risk of osteoporosis. The BMD value is the lowest in Southwest China and the highest in South China.

Morphological measurement and analysis of the mandible in adult females with different vertical skeletal types / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: A review of previous epidemiological investigations shows that the detection rate of malocclusion is the highest in Angle I, but the classification is limited by the failure to consider the comprehensive mechanism of the formation of malocclusion in the three-dimensional direction of the length, width and height of teeth, jaws and facial structures, and the profound impact of the position of the mandible and facial bones on a person’s appearance. Therefore, the morphological characteristics of the mandible and chin should be fully considered before orthodontic treatment. OBJECTIVE: To compare the similarities and differences of the three-dimensional facial morphology in adult females with different vertical skeletal types of skeletal Class I by measuring the three-dimensional morphology of the chins and mandibles through cone-beam CT multi-planar reconstruction. METHODS: According to SN-MP angle, the cone-beam CT images of 86 females with skeletal Class I aged from 18 to 35 years were imported into MIMCS19.0 to make multi-planar reconstruction, and then the data was divided into three groups: 39° (high angle group, 26 cases). Then, the mandibular linear distance and angle were measured, and the mandibular outline was measured through the three-dimensional reconstruction. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: With the increase of mandibular plane angle, the morphology of mandible tended to be: (1) the mandible ascending ramus became shorter, and the mandible body grew; (2) the notch of mandibular angle deepened gradually, and the opening of the mandibular angle increased gradually relative to the cranial-jaw; (3) the alveolar process of the chin became longer and the shape of chin became gentle; (4) counterclockwise rotation of the chin and compensatory inclination of lower anterior teeth towards tongue occurred. Comparing different vertical skeletal types of skeletal Class I in adult females, both the morphologies of the mandible and chin are different, and the mandibular plane angle is related to the morphology of the mandible and chin.

Classification and Operative Approaches of Adult Female Presacral Space Tumor / 中国微创外科杂志

[Summary] Adult female presacral space tumor involves in different disciplines .It could be typing according to the tumor location, size, mobility and the relationship with surrounding tissues .Understanding the classification of the tumor is helpful to select a suitable operative approach that lead to a better result .After the strict preoperative evaluation , transvaginal approach should not be neglected in adult female patients with presacral space tumor .

Trend of dietary nutrient intake among adult females in 9 provinces in China,2000-2011 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To investigate trend of dietary nutrient intake among adult females in China. Methods The changes of dietary energy and major nutrient intake among females aged 25 to 55 years in 9 provinces were analyzed by using the data from Chinese Health and Nutrition Survey,2000-2011 (CHNS) and indicators of Chinese Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) 2013. Results During the past decade,the proportion of females with the intake of energy and protein meeting the requirement of recommendation decreased,while the proportion of females with low carbohydrate(<50%energy)and high fat(>30%energy)intakes increased. Meanwhile,the vitamin and mineral intakes among the females were also unsatisfactory,only small proportion of the females met the requirement for micronutrient intake,and this proportion continued to decline. In 2011,the proportion of the females who met the requirements for energy and protein intakes were 43.0% and 54.4%,respectively;the proportion of the females with low carbohydrate and high fat intakes were 40.2%and 63.8%,respectively;the proportion of females who met the requirements for vitamin A, thiamine,riboflavin,niacin,vitamin C and vitamin E intakes were 25.2%,10.7%,6.9%,54.9%,24.3%and 88.5% respectively and the proportion of females who met the requirements for calcium, magnesium,iron,zinc and selenium intakes were 3.3%,23.6%,50.9%,75.7%and 13.3%respectively. Conclusion Further nutritional education and intervention is needed to improve nutrition status among Chinese females.

Trend of dietary nutrient intake among adult females in 9 provinces in China,2000-2011 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To investigate trend of dietary nutrient intake among adult females in China. Methods The changes of dietary energy and major nutrient intake among females aged 25 to 55 years in 9 provinces were analyzed by using the data from Chinese Health and Nutrition Survey,2000-2011 (CHNS) and indicators of Chinese Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) 2013. Results During the past decade,the proportion of females with the intake of energy and protein meeting the requirement of recommendation decreased,while the proportion of females with low carbohydrate(<50%energy)and high fat(>30%energy)intakes increased. Meanwhile,the vitamin and mineral intakes among the females were also unsatisfactory,only small proportion of the females met the requirement for micronutrient intake,and this proportion continued to decline. In 2011,the proportion of the females who met the requirements for energy and protein intakes were 43.0% and 54.4%,respectively;the proportion of the females with low carbohydrate and high fat intakes were 40.2%and 63.8%,respectively;the proportion of females who met the requirements for vitamin A, thiamine,riboflavin,niacin,vitamin C and vitamin E intakes were 25.2%,10.7%,6.9%,54.9%,24.3%and 88.5% respectively and the proportion of females who met the requirements for calcium, magnesium,iron,zinc and selenium intakes were 3.3%,23.6%,50.9%,75.7%and 13.3%respectively. Conclusion Further nutritional education and intervention is needed to improve nutrition status among Chinese females.

Riesgo cardiovascular según el índice cintura/talla en mujeres adultas / Cardiovascular risk by waist-height ratio in adult women

El índice cintura/talla (ICT) ha sido incorporado en diferentes investigaciones por presentar buena correlación con los factores de riesgo cardiovascular (RCV).Objetivos:estimar RCV según ICT en mujeres adultas que asistieron a consulta nutricional (Fundación para la Investigación Enfermedades Endocrino Metabólicas e Investigación Clínica Aplicada -FIEEM ICA-, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina) y asociarlo con factores de riesgo presentes en esta etapa. Metodología:diseño transversal descriptivo en muestra voluntaria de mujeres de 40 a 65 años.Variables dependientes: RCV según ICT (≥0,50);variables independientes: edad (>55 años), etapa biológica (postmenopausia), IMC aumentado (≥ 25,0 Kg/m2), circunferencia de cintura (CC) aumentada (≥80cm), glucemia aumentada > 100mg/dl, perfil lipídico alterado (ColT >200 mg/d, HDL-C <50 mg/dl, LDL-C >100 mg/dl y TG >150 mg/dl), hipertensión arterial (HTA) sistólica/diastólica (≥130/85 mmHg), sedentarismo (ausencia de ejercicio físico por lo menos tres veces por semana, una hora cada vez) y hábito tabáquico. Análisis estadístico: SPSS 15,0 calculando asociación de variables con Chi2 y correlación de Pearson; intervalo de confianza del 95% y criterio de significación p<0,05. Resultados:se estudiaron 316 mujeres, con edad promedio de 53,6 ± 6,5 años; el 64,2% estaba en postmenopausia. El 81,9% presentó CC aumentada, el 72,8% sobrepeso y el 85,4% LDL-C aumentado. El 80,7% presentó RCV según ICT encontrándose asociación estadística con edad (p=0,01), sobrepeso (p=0,000), CC aumentada (p=0,000), aumento del LDL-C (p=0,02) e HTA (p=0,000). El análisis de regresión múltiple entre ICT y las variables independientes mostró correlación significativa para la CC (r=0,73; p=0,000), el IMC (r=0,62; p=0,000) y la edad (r=0,14; p=0,01). Conclusiones:el ICT se asoció con los principales factores de RCV, constituyendo una herramienta simple y práctica para orientar la atención...

The waist–to-height ratio (WHtR) has shown good correlation with cardiovascular risk factors (CVR) in several research.Aims: to estimate CV risk by WHtR and to associate WHtR with each CVR in adult women who attended nutrition consultation at the Foundation for Research on Endocrine Metabolic Disease and Applied Clinical Research (FIEEM-ICA) (Bs. As., Argentina). Methodology:cross-sectional descriptive design in a voluntary sampleof 40 to 65-year-old women. Dependent variable: CRV by WHtR (≥0,50); independent variables: age (> 55 years), biological stage (postmenopausal), increased BMI (≥ 25,0 kg/m2), increased waist circumference (WC) (≥ 80cm), increased glucose > 100mg/dl, altered lipid profile (Colt> 200 mg/dl, HDL-C <50 mg/dl, LDL-C> 100 mg/dl and TG> 150 mg/dl), systolic/diastolic hypertension (≥ 130/85 mmHg), sedentary lifestyle (no physical exercise, at least one hour three times a week) and smoking. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 15,0, calculating variables association by Chi2 method and Pearson correlation coefficient, with confidence intervals of 95% and p value <0,05.Results:316 women were included, mean age 53,6 ± 6,5 years. 64,2% were postmenopausal 81,9% increased WC, 72,8% overweight and 85,4% increased LDL-C. 80,7% of the sample showed CVR estimated by WHtR, statistical association was found with age (p=0,01), overweight (p=0,000), increased WC (p=0,000), increased LDL-C (p=0,02) and hypertension (p=0,000). Multiple regression analysis between WHtR and independent variables showed significant positive correlation with CC (r=0,73; p=0,000), BMI (r=0,62; p=0,000), and age(r=0,14; p=0,01). Conclusions:the WHtR was associated with major cardiovascular risk factors, to constitute a simple and practical tool to guide the nutritional care of women with increasing age and abdominovisceral fat distribution.

Adult female of Strongyloides stercoralis in respiratory secretions

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To communicate the presence of adult females, rabditoid larvae and eggs of Strongyloides stercoralis (S. stercoralis) in the respiratory secretions obtained by tracheal aspirate from a HIV-negative patient who was suffering from polymyositis, and treated with corticoids and amethopterin and assisted by pneumonia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The respiratory secretions submitted to the Parasitology Laboratory of the Muñiz Hospital were made more concentrated by centrifugation (1 500 r/min for 15 seconds). Wet mount microscopy was performed with the pellet.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>It revealed adult females, rabditoid larvae and eggs of S. stercoralis. Further parasitological studies performed after the start of the treatment with ivermectin on fresh fecal samples, gastric lavages and tracheal aspirates showed scanty mobile filariform and rabditoid larvae of the same parasite.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The presence of adult female S. stercoralis which has never been observed before in the clinical samples submitted to our Laboratory for investigation can be considered as an indirect marker of the severe immunosupression of the patient.</p>

Adult female of Strongyloides stercoralis in respiratory secretions

Objective: To communicate the presence of adult females, rabditoid larvae and eggs of Strongyloides stercoralis (S. stercoralis) in the respiratory secretions obtained by tracheal aspirate from a HIV-negative patient who was suffering from polymyositis, and treated with corticoids and amethopterin and assisted by pneumonia. Methods: The respiratory secretions submitted to the Parasitology Laboratory of the Mu?iz Hospital were made more concentrated by centrifugation (1 500 r/min for 15 seconds). Wet mount microscopy was performed with the pellet. Results: It revealed adult females, rabditoid larvae and eggs of S. stercoralis. Further parasitological studies performed after the start of the treatment with ivermectin on fresh fecal samples, gastric lavages and tracheal aspirates showed scanty mobile filariform and rabditoid larvae of the same parasite. Conclusions: The presence of adult female S. stercoralis which has never been observed before in the clinical samples submitted to our Laboratory for investigation can be considered as an indirect marker of the severe immunosupression of the patient.

Factores de vulnerabilidad y de protección del impacto emocional en mujeres adultas víctimas de agresiones sexuales / Risk and protective factors in the emotional impact of adult female victims of sexual aggression

El objetivo de este estudio fue describir las reacciones psicopatológicas de las víctimas según las circunstancias de la agresión sexual, la historia previa y el apoyo familiar/social. La muestra constó de 269 mujeres adultas víctimas de una agresión sexual en la infancia o en la vida adulta. Se evaluaron las reacciones postraumáticas, la sintomatología ansioso-depresiva, la autoestima, las conductas sexuales y el funcionamiento cotidiano. Los resultados mostraron una alta prevalencia de malestar emocional (63,6%), de baja autoestima (59,7%), de TEPT (44,5%), de sentimientos de culpa (48,3%) y de evitación sexual (38,9%), así como problemas de adaptación. La gravedad de la sintomatología estaba relacionada con las circunstancias de la agresión sexual, tales como la penetración vaginal/anal o las heridas provocadas, la historia de victimización, los sucesos estresantes recientes y la falta de apoyo socio-familiar. Sin embargo, las conductas de evitación sexual no estaban relacionadas con circunstancias específicas de la agresión sexual.

The aim of this paper was to describe the psychopathological reactions of the victims according to the circumstances surrounding sexual aggression, the previous clinical record, and the role of family/social support. The sample consisted of269 adult female victims who suffered any kind of sexual aggression either in childhood or in adult life. Participants were assessed with the PTSD Severity Scale, the STAI, the BDI, the Self-Esteem Scale and the Misadjustment Scale. The results showed a high prevalence of emotional trouble (63.6%), low self-esteem (59.7%), PTSD (44.5), guilt feelings (48.3%), sexual avoidance (38.9%), as well as a poor adaptation to daily life activities. The severity of emotional problems was related to the circumstances of sexual aggression, such as vaginal/anal penetration or physical injuries, the history of victimization, the recent stressful life events and the lack of family/social support. However sexual avoidance behaviors were not associated with circumstances of sexual aggression.

Soft tissue cephalometric analysis of aesthetic Korean female / 대한치과교정학회지

The purpose of this study was to provide data on the normative values of some clinically important soft tissue dimensions for adult Korean females with aesthetically beautiful facial profiles. Lateral cephalograms of 18 Korean female models, who were selected for their well balanced and aesthetic facial profiles, were evaluated. All cephalograms were taken with the subjects in a natural head position with the teeth in occlusion and the lips at rest. The means and standard deviations were determined and presented. In addition, comparisons with the previous studies were performed. The results of the present study were as follows: 1. The upper and lower lips were posteriorly located in relation to the Ricketts' E line (Upper lip to E line: -2.08, Lower lip to E line: -0.04). 2. Both lips were more posteriorly located than those in the results of previous studies on Korean females selected by normal occlusion, but more anteriorly located than in the results of studies selected on an aesthetic basis. 3. The nasolabial angle for this sample was 101.03 degrees with a standard deviation of 8.47 degrees.