RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mechanism and the protective effect of arginyl-fructosyl-glucose(AFG) on the kidney of diabetic nephropathy(DN) mice and the correlation between TGF-β1 and collagen . METHODS: Twelve mice were randomly selected as control group; all others were induced by streptozotocin (STZ). The mice were randomly divided into 5 groups, each of which has 12 mice, DN model group, metformin group, 10,20,40 mg•kg-1 AFG group; each group was treated for 5 weeks, during when mice were weighed weekly and blood glucose concentration were measured. At the end of 5 weeks, the final body weight and the renal index of the mice was calculated; 24 h urinary protein and blood biochemical indexes were recorded (TC, TG, HDL-C, SCr, BUN, SOD, GSH, CAT, T-AOC); the pathological changes of the kidney was observed using HE staining. The expressions of TGF-β1 and collagen mRNA in kidneys were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-PCR). RESULTS: The levels of urinary protein, TC, TG and HDL-C in the AFG group were significantly lower than those in the control group. The contents of SOD, GSH, CAT and T-AOC in the AFG-treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group. Pathological condition was relieved; the mRNA expression of TGF-β1 and collagen in the kidneys of each dose group was significantly lower than that of the control group. CONCLUSION: AFG protects the kidneys by reducing the total amount of 24 h urinary protein, decreasing renal pathological damage and decreasing the expression of TGF-β1 and collagen genes in kidney.
RESUMEN
Objective:To investigate the anti-fatigue phenomenon induced by forced swimming in the mice,and to explore the anti-fatigue effect of argininyl fructoyl glucose (AFG) from red ginseng in the mice and its mechanism.Methods:The AFG was extracted from red ginseng.The ICR mice were divided into blank control group,low dose of AFG group (100 mg · kg-1),middle dose of AFG group (200 mg · kg-1) and high dose of AFG group (400 mg · kg-1) (n=20).The mice mere given a forced swimming test after continuous gavage for 28 d.The weights,organ indexes,time of forced swimming,contents of lactic acid (LD),blood urea nitrogen (BUN),hepatic glycogen (Gly) and expressing levels of PGC-1α in gastrocnemius of the mice in various groups were detected.Results:Compared with blank control group,the weights and organ indexes of the mice in low,middle and high doses of AFG groups had no significant differences (P＞ 0.05).Compared with blank control group,the time of forced swimming,contents of Gly and expressing levels of PGC-1α of the mice in low,middle and high doses of AFG groups were significantly increased (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01) in a dose-dependent manner.Compared with blank control group,The contents of LD and BUN in serum of the mice in low,middle and high doses of AFG groups were significantly decreased (P＜0.01).Conclusion:AFG has anti-fatigue effect in mice,and its mechanism may be related to energy metabolism.
RESUMEN
Objective:To investigate the anti-fatigue phenomenon induced by forced swimming in the mice,and to explore the anti-fatigue effect of argininyl fructoyl glucose (AFG) from red ginseng in the mice and its mechanism.Methods:The AFG was extracted from red ginseng.The ICR mice were divided into blank control group,low dose of AFG group (100 mg · kg-1),middle dose of AFG group (200 mg · kg-1) and high dose of AFG group (400 mg · kg-1) (n=20).The mice mere given a forced swimming test after continuous gavage for 28 d.The weights,organ indexes,time of forced swimming,contents of lactic acid (LD),blood urea nitrogen (BUN),hepatic glycogen (Gly) and expressing levels of PGC-1α in gastrocnemius of the mice in various groups were detected.Results:Compared with blank control group,the weights and organ indexes of the mice in low,middle and high doses of AFG groups had no significant differences (P＞ 0.05).Compared with blank control group,the time of forced swimming,contents of Gly and expressing levels of PGC-1α of the mice in low,middle and high doses of AFG groups were significantly increased (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01) in a dose-dependent manner.Compared with blank control group,The contents of LD and BUN in serum of the mice in low,middle and high doses of AFG groups were significantly decreased (P＜0.01).Conclusion:AFG has anti-fatigue effect in mice,and its mechanism may be related to energy metabolism.