RESUMEN
Aim: The study was aimed at evaluating some pharmacognostic parameters and investigates the anti-diabetic activity of ethanol extract of Triumfetta cordifolia leaf Methods: The pharmacognostic profiling of Triumfetta cordifolia leaves was carried out using some standard pharmacognostic tools for crude drug standardization such as qualitative and quantitative microscopy, analytical evaluation and phytochemical screening. The plant material was extracted using cold maceration method in ethanol and fractionation was carried out using n-hexane, ethylacetate and butanol. The acute toxicity study was done following standard method. Diabetes in albino wistar rats was intraperitoneally induced using 120 mg/kg body weight of alloxan monohydrate. The diabetic rats where treated with 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight of the crude extract and 400mg/kg of each of the fractions. Glibenclamide was used as the standard drug (5 mg/kg) and diabetic rats without treatment as negative control. The procedure was also similarly performed using the non-diabetic rats. The administration of all treatments was done orally, once daily for 21 days and blood sera of the blood samples from rats across the groups were collected at the end of the treatment period and the concentrations of Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were evaluated. Results: The results of the qualitative microscopic evaluation of Triumfetta cordifolia leaf revealed paracytic stomata, unicellular trichomes, wavy wall epidermal cells and prismatic calcium oxalate. Quantitative microscopic study gave 23.67 ± 0.58 stomata number, 0.023 ± 0.00058 stomata index, 18.33 ± 1.53 Palisade ratio and 10.67 ± 0.58 vein-islet number while the analytical standard revealed 9.3 total ash, 3.5 water soluble ash and 1.34 acid insoluble ash. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, Tannins, flavonoids steroids and terpenoids in the Triumfetta cordifolia leaves ethanol extract (TCEE). A significant reduction (P?0.05) in fasted blood sugar level of diabetic rats was observed during treatment with Triumfetta cordifolia leaves extract and the blood sugar level lowering potential was comparable to the glibenclamide’s group. There was improvement of body weight in TCEE treated groups and ethylacetate fraction group. The Leaf extract of Triumfetta cordifolia showed a high significant (P?0.05) ameliorating potential on liver’s degenerating hepatocytes evidenced by the comparable reduction in AST, ALT and ALP levels with the glibenclamide’s and diabetic’s groups. Conclusion: The overall results showed that Triumfetta cordifolia leaf possesses blood sugar lowering and liver hepatocytes regenerating potentials while the pharmacognostic profiling of the plant can serve as a reference and guide for future researchers.
RESUMEN
All the plants are having medicinal values and thus are used traditionally in many diseasesfrom ancient times. One of such useful plant is Aerva lanata commonly known as “Bhui” which is awoody, prostate or succulent, perennial herb from the Amaranthaceae family, found in open forest onmountains, slopes, disturbed ground and deserted areas(1). The plant has been screened for diuretic,antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activity (2) (3). According to the literature referredthe pharmacognostical studies of this plant have not been reported yet, therefore the presentinvestigation is planned to study the pharmacognostical and phytochemical aspects of Aerva lanata. Inthe present research article the pharmacognostical study i.e. morphological, microscopical, chemical &chromatographic analysis of plant Aerva lanata was carried out. This study provides the standardizationparameters important for the characterization & identification of the plant. The information will beuseful for the traditional medicine practitioners & establishing literature regarding the plant.Microscopic studies shows upper epidermis is straight walled, single layered containing trichomesbelow the epidermis collenchyma cellular layers are present which can be characterized by thickcellulosic deposition. Cells contain calcium oxalate crystals (in small amount) and starch. Vascularbundles present in spongy tissues. Physiochemical analysis shows Total ash, Acid insoluble ash, Watersoluble ash, Sulphated ash values as 10.01%, 2.01%, 4.92% and 4.82% respectively. Other parameterslike Alcohol soluble extractive value, Water soluble extractive value, Loss on drying and swelling indexare found to be 20%, 24%, 8% and 6.42%. Fluorescence study and preliminary phytochemical tests arealso performed. Thin layer chromatographic studies showing presence of carbohydrates, steroids,flavonoids and tannins at Rf values of 0.88, 0.86, 0.92 and 0.86 respectively.
RESUMEN
Tecoma gaudichaudi DC (Family Bignoniaceae) is a small tree of height 9-12m. and various Tecoma species are attractive to bees, butterflies or birds. Present study focuses on determination of some quantitative microscopical factors of leaves of Tecoma gaudichaudi DC includes Stomatal no., vein islet no etc. Under physicochemical standards various parameters were checked, such as ash value, acid insoluble ash value and moisture content etc. It helps in to check purity of crude drug. Ultimately it helps in evaluation of crude drug and valuable addition of pharmacognostic data towards updating of monograph of plant species.