RESUMEN
ABSTRACT Purpose: To analyze the presence of microorganisms in fluorescein eyedrops used in a reference eye center in Recife-PE. Methods: This real-life and masked study evaluated fluorescein eyedrops used at the Altino Ventura Foundation in May 2019. Cultures were performed according to exposure times; I) three eyedrop bottles were analyzed after one day of use, II) three eyedrop bottles after 4 d of use, III) three eyedrop bottles after 8 d of use, and IV) three unopened bottles used as control. Samples were collected from the bottle's tip, instilled drop, and residual fluid. After incubation, all colonies were analyzed and identified through biochemical tests. Results: The contamination rate of the fluorescein eyedrop bottles in this study was 55.5% (5/9 vials). There was no contamination in the control group. The highest contamination was seen in one day exposed eyedrops, in 100% of the bottles. The bottle's tip had a higher rate of contamination compared to the drop and residual fluid. Gram-positive bacteria were isolated in 7/27 (25.9%) samples. Growth of fungi or gram-negative bacteria was not observed. Conclusion: The identification of gram-positive bacteria predominantly on the tip of the fluorescein eyedrop bottles suggests inadequate handling as the main cause of contamination.
RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a presença de microrganismos nos colírios de fluoresceína utilizados em um centro oftalmológico de referência em Recife-PE. Métodos: Este estudo de vida real e mascarado avaliou colírios de fluoresceína utilizados na Fundação Altino Ventura em maio/2019. As culturas foram realizadas de acordo com os diferentes tempos de exposição: I - três frascos de colírio foram analisados após 1 dia de uso; II - três frascos de colírio após 4 dias de uso; III - três frascos de colírio após 8 dias de uso; IV - três garrafas fechadas foram usadas como grupo controle. As amostras foram coletadas da ponta do frasco, da gota instilada e do líquido residual interior. Após incubação, todas as colônias foram analisadas e identificadas através de testes bioquímicos. Resultados: A taxa de contaminação dos frascos de colírio de fluoresceína neste estudo foi de 55,5% (5/9 frascos). Não houve contaminação no grupo controle. A maior contaminação foi observada os colírios expostos de um dia - 100% dos frascos. A ponta da garrafa teve uma maior taxa de contaminação em comparação com as culturas de gota e de fluido residual inferior. Bactérias gram-positivas foram isoladas em 7/27 amostras (25,9%). Não houve crescimento de fungos ou bactérias Gram-negativas. Conclusão: A identificação de bactérias Gram-positivas predominantemente na ponta dos frascos de colírio de fluoresceína sugere manuseio inadequado como a principal causa de contaminação de colírios multidose.
RESUMEN
Abstract@#This study was conducted with the aim of isolating and identifying pathogenic bacterial communities from actively shedding anatomical sites of Macaca fascicularis and M. namestrina in Jambu Rias (JR) and Chemomoi (CM) in Kemasul Forest Reserve, Pahang and to determine the antibiotic susceptibility of these isolates. The findings show that M. fascicularis had higher bacterial density and ten different isolates were identified from these samples. The antibiotic susceptibility tests determined that ciproflaxin and vancomycin as most effective antibiotic towards these isolates.
RESUMEN
Background It is imperative for the microbial monitor after opening the bottle of eyedrops in order to ensure the safety during use of ophthalmic solutions with multi-dose packaging.Objective This study was to research the microbiological properties and sterile duration of methylcellulose (MC) eye drops in three common environmental conditions,including room temperature condition of community,refrigeration condition of community and room temperature condition of hospital.Methods MC eye drops were assigned to the community room temperature group,community refrigeration group and hospital room temperature group,and 200 bottles of MC eye drops with or without ethylparaben were collected in each group,including sealed or unsealed drugs at average.The containers of all the eye drops were opened and the opening times were record.The drugs was admistered 1 drop for 3 times per day,with the opening period for 5-10 seconds.Then the drugs were preserved in different environments based on grouping.Microbial isolation and purification were performed by the same lab technician at 8:00 from 1 through 10 days after opening of drugs with automatic microbial analyzer.Results In the unsealed MC eye drops without ethylparaben,the bacterial positive rates were about 30％ in the community room temperature group,community refrigeration group and hospital room temperature group,but no microbial colony was seen in the sealed eye drops.Ten days after opening of containers,the bacterial cultured rates were 30％,32％ and 36％ in the eye drops without ethylparaben in the community room temperature group,community refrigeration group and hospital room temperature group,and those in the eye drops with ethylparaben were 15％,19％ and 23％,respectively,showing significant differences between the eye drops with and without ethylparaben (x2 =6.452,4.448,4.063,all at P＜0.05).The 95％ confidence interval (CI) of difference values of intergroup bacterial rates were-0.166-0.126,-0.110-0.190 and-0.088-0.208 between the community room temperature group and the community refrigeration group,between the hospital room temperature group and the community refrigeration group,between the hospital room temperature group and the community room temperature group respectively in the unsealed eye drops without ethylparaben,and those in the unsealed eye drops with ethylparaben were-0.159-0.079,-0.089-0.169 and-0.043-0.203 respectively,indicating insignificant differences among the groups.Cultured bacteria were identified as Micrococcus luteus,Acinetobacter lwoffii,Bacillus subtilis,Acinetobacter radioresistens,Myroides and Staptococcus xylosus.Conclusions Ethylparaben can reduce the contamination rate of microorganisms after opening of MC eye drops.Three environmental conditions do not play an influence on microbial contamination of MC eye drops after opening.The bacteria of contaminated eye drops appear to be common microorganisms in atmosphere and soil,rather than eye common pathogens.
RESUMEN
To investigate the prevalence and the antibiotic resistance of bacteria isolated from 25 miniature pigs. 45 bacterial strains were isolated, which were identified by biochemical assays, amplification of 16S rRNA genes by PCR and sequence analysis, and were evaluated for resistance to 30 antibiotics. The identification results showed that these bacteria belonged to Campylobacter (Campylobacter jejuni), Helicobacterium (Helicobacter pylori), Klebsiella (Klebsiella pneumoniae), Escherichia (Escherichia coli, Escherichia fergusonii), Pseudomonas (Pseudomonas aeruginosa), Stenotrophomonas (Stenotrophomonas maltophilia), Staphylococcus (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus simulans), Streptococcus (Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus suis, Streptococcus vestibularis, Streptococcus mitis, Gemella measles, Aerococcus viridans) and Bacillus (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus alvei, Bacterium megaterium). These bacteria were all susceptible to aztreonam and cephalothin. However, the resistence to furazolidone was found. Microbial population carried by miniature pigs in China had characters of diversity. Results of this study provided scientifical accordance for the microorganism monitoring of miniature pigs in China.
RESUMEN
The microbiological condition of the conjunctival sac before IOL implantation in old people is report- ed.The study comprised 4 groups.In the first gro- up,35 cases with normal cul-de-sacs were cultured weekly for 3～4 wks,totalling 124 times.Among them,16 cases(45.7%)showed positive results in 32 cultures(25.8%).In the second group,cultures were taken at 8:00 AM on the day of operation, resulting in a 19.2% positive rate.In the third group,in which specimens for culture were taken im- mediately before the conjunctival incision was made, the positive rate was also 19.2%.The fourth group contained cases with chronic conjunctival congestion. Their cultures showed a positive rate of 53.13%, which differed significantly from results of the oth- er three groups(P
RESUMEN
Five purple non-sulfur bacterial strains were isolated from the sediments of the rearing pond. According to the cultural, morphological, cellular spectra, physiological properties and inner intracytoplasmic membrane structures, strain AS-31 that was short rod and contained lamellar intracytoplasmic membrane was identified as Rhodopseudomonas palustris, and other four isolates (AS-32, DA-32, SY-32, and SY34) which were spheroid and contained vesicular intracytoplasmic membranes were identified as Rhodobacter spheroids. Pure cultures of strains AS-31 and SY-32 were used as additive in aquiculture of Tilapia sp.. After weeks of incubation, the weight and surviving percentage of experimental fishes increased about 20% than those of the control group without any additive. However, the mixed culture of strains AS-31 and SY32 have no obvious effect than that of the pure one. It demonstrated that the cultures of purple non-sulfur bacteria are of benefit to aquiculture and could be used as an additive.