Body Mass Index, Anthropometric Factors, and Food and Nutrient Intakes of Korean Middle-Aged Males by Year: Based on 2001~2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES)

This study investigated anthropometric and biochemical characteristics, food and nutrient intakes, and changes in body mass index (BMI) of Korean middle age men (40~49 yrs). Data on BMI, anthropometric (height, weight, waist circumference, body mass index, blood pressure), and biochemical (total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, hemoglobin, GOT, GPT) characteristics, food and nutrients intakes, nutrient density, and index of nutrient quality were obtained from the Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES, 2001, 2005, 2011). Subjects were divided into three groups by year. Weight, BMI, and hemoglobin increased significantly by year. All anthropometric factors except height showed a positive relation with BMI by year. Consumption of barley, chinese noodle, confections, soybean milk, egg, ice cream, pizza, fried foods, banana, coffee, and raw rice wine increased significantly by year. Intake ratios of nutrients except water and fiber were over 100% of KDRI generally. INQ according to intakes of protein, calcium, phosphorus, iron, vitamin A, thiamine, riboflavin, and niacin per 1,000 kcal increased significantly by year. Distribution of BMI status of subjects showed a significant difference by exercise. The findings of the present study show that BMI of subjects increased by year, and intakes of all nutrients except calcium and riboflavin showed aspects of overnutrition by year. Intakes of fruits decreased while intakes of raw rice wine and coffee increased by year. Therefore, practical and systematic nutrition programs are required to maintain optimum BMI and appropriate intakes of nutrients to maintain a desirable lifestyle and improve dietary life.

Regulation and control of Angelic sinensis yield by altitude and analysis on key influence factors / 中草药

Objective: To explore the ecological adaptability of Angelic sinensis in altitude of 2300-2800 m in Chabu countryside, Min County, Gansu province. Methods: Using the field experiment and correlation analysis, the effect of altitude on the yield formation was explored, and the key factors affecting yield were investgated. Results: The yield of A. sinensis increased with the elevation rising, the yields in the mid-and high-altitudes were higher than that of low-altitude by 30.3% and 22.0%, with significant difference (P < 0.05); The correlation analysis showed that temperature (R2 = -0.7453) and rainfall (R2 = 0.7417) were the key ecological factors, the malonaldehyde (MDA, R2 = -0.9118) and soluble sugar (SS, R2 = -0.8831) were the key physiological and biochemical factors, and the intercellular CO2 (Ci, R2 = -0.7393) and photosynthetic rate (Pn, R2 = -0.7332) were the key photosynthetic characteristic factors influencing the yield of A. sinensis. Conclusion: That is the benefit of the yield formation of A. sinensis by rising altitudes, reducing environmental temperature, increasing rainfall and photosynthetically active radiation, and reducing the contents of MDA, SS, and Ci.

Impact on calcification of aortic arch by lifestyle-related,physiologic and biochemical factors / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To explore the impact of lifestyle-related,physiological and biochemical factors on aortic arch calcification(AAC).Methods 20 430 subjects aged 50 to 85 years were included in this study from the first and second recruitment phase of the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study.All the subjects received face-to-face interviews to collect detailed information on their socio-demographic background,occupational exposures,living environment,lifestyle,family and personal disease histories,and received a physical examination and tests including 12-lead ECG,chest radiograph,and pulmonary function testing.Each subject was screened for a range of fasting biochemical parameters.Radiographs were reviewed by two senior radiologists.300 radiographs were independently read by the two radiologists to assess agreement using Kappa coefficient.Logistic regression was used to assess the association between life style,physiological and biocheroical factors and AAC.Resuits (1)The rate of agreement on diagnosis for the two radiologists was 85% and Kappa coefficient was 0.68(P<0.01) which showed a moderate agreementbetween the two radiologists.(2) Except hypertension,the subjects were significantly difierent on their lifestyle,physiological and biochemical factors in both men and women(P<0.05).(3)AAC was significantly associated with older age,smoking status,LDL-C,and hypertension(P<0.01)in both genders.Ors(95%CI)indicated the following results:age was 1.11(1.10-1.12) in men and 1.12 (1.12-1.13)in women;smoking as 1.31(1.17-1.47)in men and 1.31(1.09-1.57)in women;LDL-Cas 1.16(1.06-1.27) in men and 1.38(1.22-1.56) in women,hypertension as 1.33(1.18-1.50) in men and 1.27(1.18-1.38) in women.However,diabetes was found to be associated with an increased risk of AAC in women[OR(95%CI)]1.38(1.22-1.56).Conclusion Age,smoking,hypertension and Low-density lipoprotcin level were risk factors to beth genders,on AAC,while diabetes increased the risk of AAC,in women.

Biochemical Factors of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: Implications for Disc Regeneration / 대한척추외과학회지

Intervertebral disc degeneration is main cause of various spinal degenerative conditions, and results in a significant socio-economic burden and morbidity to those affected. Intervertebral disc degeneration is a multifactorial process that has no known curative method. Hence, various factors that cause intervertebral disc degeneration, especially biochemical ones, were discussed in this study.