Échographie thoracique dans le diagnostic des pleuropneumopathies de l'adulte à Parakou, Bénin en 2019 / NA

Objectif : Evaluer l'apport de l'échographie thoracique (ET) dans le diagnostic des pleuropneumopathies de l'adulte au Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Départemental du Borgou et de l'Alibori (CHUD-B/A). Patients et Méthodes : Il s'est agi d'une étude transversale descriptive analytique réalisée sur la période allant du 15 Mars au 15 Aout 2019. Un examen pleuropulmonaire (EPP), une radiographie thoracique (RT) et une ET ont été réalisés aux patients adultes reçus dans le service d'imagerie médicale et présentant des symptômes fonctionnels respiratoires. Les indicateurs de performance diagnostique de l'ET ont été calculés en prenant la RT comme examen de référence. Résultats : Sur les 83 patients inclus, l'EPP, la RT et l'ET étaient pathologiques chez respectivement 52 (62,65%), 67 (80,72%) et 72 (86,75%) patients. L'ET était pathologique chez 10 (62,50%) des 16 patients ayant eu une RT normale. La RT était pathologique chez 5 (45,45%) des 11 patients qui avaient une ET normale. En prenant la RT comme référence, l'ET avait globalement une sensibilité de 92,54%, une spécificité de 37,50%, une valeur prédictive positive de 86,11% et une valeur prédictive négative de 54,55%. Conclusion : L'ET est performante dans le diagnostic des pleuropneumopathies de l'adulte. Elle peut être utilisée comme examen de première intention, en alternative à la RT ou complétée la RT dans l'exploration des pathologies pleuropulmonaires à Parakou

Objective: To evaluate the contribution of chest ultrasonography in the diagnosis of pneumonia in adults at the teaching hospital of Borgou and Alibori (CHUD-B/A). Method: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study carried out from 15 March to 15 August 2019. Clinical examination of lungs, chest X-ray and chest ultrasonography were performed on adult patients received in the medical imaging department and presenting with functional respiratory symptoms. Diagnostic performance indicators for chest ultrasonography were calculated by using chest X-ray as the reference test. Results: Of the 83 patients included, clinical examination of lungs, chest X-ray and chest ultrasonography were pathological in 52 (62.65%), 67 (80.72%) and 72 (86.75%) patients respectively. Chest ultrasonography was pathological in 10 (62.50%) of the 16 patients with normal chest X-ray. Chest X-ray was pathological in 5 (45.45%) of the 11 patients with normal chest ultrasonography. With chest X-ray as a reference, the overall sensitivity of chest ultrasonography was 92.54%, specificity 37.50%, positive predictive value 86.11% and negative predictive value 54.55%. Conclusion: Chest ultrasonography is an effective tool in the diagnosis of pneumonia in adults. It can be used as a first-line examination, as an alternative to chest X-ray or as a complement to chest X-ray in the exploration of pneumonia in Parakou

Chest Sonography in the Diagnosis of Pneumothorax.

Background. Few studies have assessed the utility of chest ultrasonography in the diagnosis of pneumothorax in India. Methods. Chest ultrasonography was undertaken in 126 haemodynamically stable patients, followed by a chest radiograph within 30 minutes. If pneumothorax was not seen on the chest radiograph, a non-contrast computed tomography of the thorax was performed within 3 hours. The time taken to make or exclude a diagnosis of pneumothorax, by ultrasonography, was assessed. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy of chest ultrasonography was estimated. Results. For the diagnosis of pneumothorax in any clinical situation, the average time taken on ultrasonography was less than 2 minutes. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, PPV and NPV of chest ultrasonography was 89%, 88.5%, 88.9%, 96.7% and 67.6%, respectively. Conclusions. Chest ultrasonography can be used as a primary imaging modality in the diagnosis of pneumothorax in a vast variety of clinical situations.

Utilization of chest ultrasonography in clinical practice / Монголын Анагаах Ухаан

Transthoracic ultrasound (US) has become an important diagnostic tool in modern chest medicine. The range of thoracic lesions for which transthoracic US may yield useful diagnostic information has expanded to include not only chest wall and pleural lesions, but also peripheral lung nodules, pulmonary consolidations, necrotizing pneumonias and lung abscesses, tumors with obstructive pneumonitis, mediastinal masses, and peridiaphragmatic lesions. A variety of ultrasound features and signs of chest diseases have been well characterized and widely applied in clinical practice. US guidance increases the diagnostic success rate and decreases the complications associated with interventional procedures such as thoracentesis, closed tube drainage for pleural effusion, and needle biopsy of the pleura. Transthoracic needle aspiration or biopsy, under real-time US guidance, is a relatively safe and easy procedure, and may provide adequate tissue sampling of lesions for cytologic, histologic or microbiologic analysis. This article presents the general techniques and wide applications of transthoracic US and US-guided invasive procedures in the diagnosis and management of various chest diseases.