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Objective To investigate the association of 13 single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)sites in 6 phalange-bone development related genes[fibroblast growth factor receptor 2(FGFR2),indian hedgehog signaling molecule(IHH),Msh homeobox 1(MSX1),Runx family transcription factor 2(RUNX2),SRY-box transcription factor 9(SOX9),Wnt family member 5A(WNT5A)]with human index-ring finger length ratio(2D∶4D).Methods Digital cameras were used to take frontal photographs of the hands of 731 college students(358 males and 373 females)in Ningxia,and image analysis software was used to mark anatomical points and measure finger lengths of index(2th)and ring(4th);genotyping of 13 SNP sites(rs1047057,rs755793,rs41258305,rs3731881,rs3100776,rs12532,rs3821949,rs45585135,rs3749863,rs1042667,rs12601701,rs1829556,rs3732750)for 6 genes by multiplex PCR;One-Way ANOVA or independent sample t-test indirectly assessed the association between 2D∶4D and 13 SNP sites.Results Both left and right hand 2D∶4D were significantly higher in females than males in Ningxia college students(all P<0.01);no statistically significant differences in genotype and allele frequencies of the 13 SNP sites among different sexes(all P>0.05);among different sexes,male left hand 2D∶4D was significantly associated with the genotype of SOX9 gene rs12601701 site(P<0.05)and right hand 2D∶4D was significantly associated with the genotype of WNT5A gene rs1829556 site(P<0.05);the female right hand 2D∶4D was significantly associated with the MSX1 gene rs12532(P<0.01)and rs3821949(P<0.05)sites genotypes.Conclusion SOX9(rs12601701),WNT5A(rs1829556)and MSX1(rs12532 and rs3821949)gene polymorphisms may be associated with the formation of 2D∶4D in Ningxia population.
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【Objective】 To explore the relationship between perceived stress and suicidal ideation as well as the mediating effect of resilience and depression. 【Methods】 A sample of 875 college students was recruited for the study to complete a set of self-report measures of Chinese Perceived Stress Scale (CPSS), the Resiliency Scale of University Students, Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire, and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). 【Results】 ①College students’ perceived stress and depression had significantly positive correlation with their suicidal ideation, while the students’ resilience had a significantly negative correlation with their perceived stress and depression. ②Perceived stress did not affect suicidal ideation of the college students directly, but indirectly affected their suicidal ideation through three significant mediating pathways: the separate mediating effects of (a) resilience and (b) depression, and the serial mediating effect of (c) resilience and depression. 【Conclusion】 Resilience and depression exert a chain mediating effect between perceived stress and suicidal ideation of college students.
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Objective To investigate the association between the index finger and ring finger length ratio (2D ∶ 4D) and of four loci (rs6461992‚ rs6968828‚ rs7801581‚ rs17427875) polymorphism of homeobox (HOX) A11 gene among Ningxia college students. Methods Digit camera was used to collect frontal hand photos of 667 Han college students (348 males and 319 females) from Ningxia province; Image analysis software was used to mark the anatomical points and measure finger lengths of the index and ring fingers of both hands; multiplex PCR was used to detect each locus polymorphisms of HOXA11 gene; statistical software was used to compare and analyze the differences and associations of 2D ∶4D and gene polymorphisms between different genders. Results Among Ningxia Han college students‚ both left hand and right hand 2D ∶ 4D were significantly higher in females than those of in males (all P< 0. 05)‚ and there were no significant sex differences in right-left hand 2D ∶4D; the genotypes and allele frequencies of rs7801581 locus of HOXA11 gene differed significantly between genders (all P < 0. 05)‚ and none of the other locus polymorphisms showed any significant sex differences; only female left hand 2D ∶4D was significantly associated with rs6461992 locus genotype in the relationship between 2D ∶4D and HOXA11 polymorphisms (P<0. 05). Conclusion There were significant sex differences in 2D ∶ 4D among Han college students in Ningxia‚ and the rs6461992 locus polymorphism of HOXA11 gene may be associated with the formation of 2D ∶4D in females.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome （PCOS） among female college students at a university in Fuzhou City， Jiangxi Province， and to facilitate early detection and intervention of PCOS. MethodsUsing a stratified sampling method， a total of 450 female freshmen were randomly selected for PCOS screening. A self-designed questionnaire was used for data collection， covering menstrual status， high androgen signs， lifestyle， dietary habits， and awareness of PCOS. Sample t test and χ2 test were used to compare the basic information and dietary habits between PCOS and non-PCOS cases. The correlation between various indicators and the prevalence of PCOS was analyzed by a logistic regression model. ResultsA total of 12 PCOS cases were identified， with a prevalence rate of 2.99%. PCOS cases exhibited statistically significant differences compared to non-PCOS cases in terms of waist-to-hip ratio， waist circumference， abdominal obesity， the proportion of overweight or obese individuals， and a preference for sweet food （all P<0.05）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed a significant correlation between preference for sweet food and the occurrence of PCOS （OR=4.858， 95%CI=1.199‒19.675，P=0.027）， as well as a significant correlation with PCOS accompanied by abdominal obesity （OR=7.083， 95%CI=0.773‒64.937， P=0.048）. Among the female college students surveyed， 37.90% had never heard of PCOS， 51.62% were only familiar with the name of the disease， and 10.47% had attempted to search for PCOS-related information. ConclusionThe prevalence of PCOS among female college students should not be overlooked and unhealthy dietary habits may be a crucial factor contributing to the occurrence of PCOS during this period. Early screening for PCOS during puberty is crucial.
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Objective: To clarify the association between dementia knowledge and attitudes, lifestyle backgrounds, and practical training experiences of nursing students, and examine the basic nursing education for dementia.Participants and Methods: A total of 412 first-to-fourth-year students at Nursing College A participated in the study. A cross-sectional survey was conducted regarding knowledge (15 questions) and attitudes (15 questions) related to dementia.Results: Consent was obtained from 158 individuals (The response rate was 38.3%). Significant items regarding dementia attitudes and cohabitation experiences were identified. Additionally, significant items regarding attitude toward dementia and care providing experiences were identified.Conclusion: Associations among attitude toward dementia, cohabitation experiences, and care providing experiences were determined. Knowledge and attitudes regarding dementia improved with practical training experience.
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Objective:To assess the prevalence of exercise addiction among college students and explore its relationship with negative emotion and exercise frequency.Methods:A total of 837 college students were enrolled from January 1, 2022 to December 31, 2022. The cross-sectional survey was administered using the exercise dependence scale revised(EDS-R) and the depression, anxiety, and stress scale 21 items (DASS-21). Data analysis was conducted with SPSS 26.0 software, including partial correlation analysis and hierarchical regression.Results:Among college students, the students in the group with risk and symptoms of exercise addiction accounted for 4.9%(EDS-R score (110.32±11.51), DASS-21-depression score 21.00(10.50, 25.00), DASS-21-anxiety score 21.00(11.50, 24.00), DASS-21-stress score 42.00(22.00, 47.50)). The students in the group without risk but with symptoms accounted for 42.53%(EDS-R score (60.02±12.91), DASS-21-depression score 8.00(1.00, 14.00), DASS-21-anxiety score 8.00(3.00, 14.00), DASS-21-stress score 15.00(4.00, 28.00)), and the students in the group without risk and symptoms accounted for 52.57%(EDS-R score (31.57±7.51), DASS-21-depression score 8.00(5.00, 12.00), DASS-21-anxiety score 7.00(3.00, 10.00), DASS-21-stress score 15.00(6.00, 21.00)). Exercise addiction scores were positively correlated with stress ( r=0.303, P<0.001), anxiety ( r=0.327, P<0.001), and depression ( r=0.259, P<0.001). The results of the hierarchical regression analysis also showed that the main risk variables were anxiety (△ R2=0.175, F=60.954) and exercise frequency (△ R2=0.044, F=21.401). Additionally, male college students had a higher risk of exercise addiction than female( P<0.01), but there was no gender difference in negative emotions( P>0.05). Conclusion:The college students were susceptible to developing an exercise addiction, especially among individuals with high exercise frequency and anxiety symptoms.It provides robust behavioral evidence in support of early detection and treatment of high-risk exercise addiction groups.
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Objective@#To investigate the quality of life and its influencing factors among HIV-infected college students among men who have sex with men (MSM), so as to provide the evidence for improving the quality of life among HIV-infected MSM college students.@*Methods@#HIV-infected MSM college students were sampled from those with follow-up management by Shaanxi, Chongqing and Guangdong Centers for Disease Control and Prevention using a convenience sampling method, and participants' demographics, AIDS-related knowledge, attitude and practice were collected using questionnaire surveys. The scores for physical, psychological, social and environmental domains, and the overall quality of life were measured using the Chinese version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief (WHOQOL-BREF), and their influencing factors were identified using a multivariable linear regression model.
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This study deeply explores the cause of high incidence of PHE-associated psychological crisis in college students, and advocates the teaching management staffs to take full advantage of the present information technology on college students' psychological assessment, daily psychological education, and related information collection, with the current college information construction platforms. The aim is to build an early warning and intervention mechanism that is susceptible to college students' psychological crisis, and to better protect the mental health of college students.
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Objective:To explore the characteristics of attentional bias to emotional faces of depressed college students with alexithymia.Methods:Using self-rating depression scale (SDS) and the twenty-item Toronto alexithymia scale(TAS-20), 25 low alexithymic-currently depressed undergraduates (LA-CD group), 33 low alexithymic-non depressed undergraduates(LA-ND group) and 23 high alexithymic-currently depressed undergraduates(HA-CD group) were selected from 885 valid questionnaires.Using eye tracking system, emotional face pictures were selected as stimulus materials, and the relative gaze time(attention bias score) of experimental participants was analyzed by statistical methods such as covariance analysis and adjustment analysis to explore the attentional bias of depressed college students with alexithymia.Results:(1) Under the low level of alexithymia, there was significant difference in attentional bias between college students in depression group (-0.23±0.18) and non-depressed group (0.06±0.11) ( F=55.876, P<0.01). (2) There were significant differences in relative attention bias among LA-CD group (-0.234±0.150), HA-CD group(-0.070±0.153) and LA-ND group (0.064±0.149) ( F(2, 78)=27.685, P<0.01). According to Bonferroni test, compared to the LA-CD group, the HA-CD group and LA-ND group showed less negative attentional bias.(3) The interaction between total SDS score and total TAS-20 score showed significant difference.Alexithymia played a regulatory role between total SDS score and attentional bias( β=0.333, t=3.345, P<0.01). Conclusion:Both the depressed college students with high alexithymia and the non-depressed college students with low alexithymia show less negative attentional bias.Alexithymia plays a regulatory role between depression and attentional bias.
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Objective:To explore the relationship among internet / reality alienation, irrational beliefs and depression in medical college students.Methods:In October 2021, a total of 501 students from five medical colleges in Shandong were selected by the convenient sampling method.All the participants were assessed by the internet alienation scale, general alienation scale, irrational beliefs scale and self rating depression scale.SPSS 24.0 software was used for descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, and AMOS 21.0 software was used to conduct structural equation modeling and Bootstrap mediated effect test.Results:The scores of internet/reality alienation, irrational beliefs and depression were 3.12±1.35, 2.04±0.57, 2.72±0.72, 2.07±0.42, respectively.There was a statistically significant positive correlation among internet/reality alienation, irrational beliefs and depression( r=0.56-0.64, P<0.01). Structural equation modeling showed that the mediating effect of irrational beliefs between internet alienation and depression was 0.05(95% CI=0.01-0.11). The mediating effect of irrational beliefs between reality alienation and depression was 0.16(95% CI=0.06-0.30). Conclusion:Internet/ reality alienation can indirectly effect depression of medical college students through the mediation of irrational beliefs.
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Objective:To investigate the self-measured health status of college students in Tibet, and to construct the self-measured health scale (SRHMS V1.0) norm of College students in Tibet.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study. A multistage stratified sampling method was used. From April to June 2022, a total of 7 990 college students were selected from all colleges and universities in the Tibet Autonomous Region (7 in total). The self-rated health of Tibetan college students was investigated and evaluated by combining demographic information and SRHMS V1.0. Descriptive statistics, t-test, analysis of variance ( Brown-Forsythe test for unequal variance, LSD test for multiple comparisons), and Spearman correlation analysis were used to construct mean norm, percentile norm, and delimitation norm of physiological scale health (PSH), mental scale health (MSH), social scale health (SSH) score and total scale health (TSH) scores. Results:The total score of self-assessed health assessment among college students in Tibetan universities was (72.18±12.35). For different genders, the PSH, MSH, SSH and TSH scores were (73.85±13.78), (65.80±14.73), (69.85±16.00) and (73.44±12.77) for boys and (71.18±13.36), (62.81±14.03), (68.57±14.90) and (70.92±11.94) for girls, respectively. Scores on each subscale and total scale were statistically significant different between the different sexes ( t=2.531, 2.672, 1.867, 2.623, all P<0.05). For different grades, the PSH, MSH, SSH and TSH scores of the freshman were (73.36±13.23), (65.77±14.58), (70.98±15.60) and (73.51±11.91); the sophomore were (70.74±13.73), (62.40±13.60), (66.92±14.62) and (70.16±12.28), the junior were (75.48±13.09), (64.08±15.12), (71.90±15.12) and (74.10±12.36); and the senior were (67.21±14.41), (59.19±17.67), (64.91±18.59) and (66.94±14.59) respectively, with the differences in scores of each subscale and the total scale in different grades being statistically significant ( F=3.952, 3.611, 4.841, 5.583, all P<0.05). The mean norm, percentile norm and demarcation norm of the total score and each subscale of self-measured health of college students in Tibetan universities were constructed with gender and grade as the cut-off values. Conclusion:The model of self-measured health assessment scale for students in colleges and universities in Tibet is established, which can provide evaluation criteria for evaluating the health status of college students in Tibet and plateau areas.
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【Objective】 To explore the effects of perceived risk of COVID-19 of college students on their anxiety and depression, as well as the roles of attention to negative information and perceived social support, so as to provide theoretical basis for colleges and universities to formulate corresponding intervention measures. 【Methods】 By the convenience sampling method, totally 1 404 college students from Shaanxi and Henan provinces were investigated online by using General Information Questionnaire, Perceived Risk of COVID-19 Pandemic Scale, Attention to Negative Information Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire, Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Perceived Social Support Scale. SPSS 20.0 was used for data analysis, Pearson correlation method was used to explore the correlation between variables. The mediating effect of attention to negative information and the moderating effect of perceived social support were analyzed by PROCESS. 【Results】 The scores of anxiety and depression of the 1 404 college students included in the study were 4.03±4.48 and 6.21±5.41, respectively. The detection rate of anxiety symptom was 29.9%, and that of depression symptom was 44.4%. The risk perception of COVID-19 epidemic of the college students was positively correlated with attention to negative information (r=0.373, P<0.001), anxiety (r=0.227, P<0.001), and depression (r=0.226, P<0.001). Anxiety (r=0.553, P<0.001) and depression (r=0.497, P<0.001) were positively correlated with attention to negative information, while perceived social support was negatively correlated with the risk perception of the COVID-19 (r=-0.154, P<0.001), attention to negative information (r=-0.259, P<0.001), anxiety (r=-0.321, P<0.001) and depression (r=-0.278, P<0.001). The risk perception of COVID-19 affected the anxiety and depression of the students mainly through the mediating effect of attention to negative information. The total effect of risk perception of COVID-19 and anxiety was 0.227, and the mediating effect accounted for 80.18% of the total effect. The total effect of risk perception of COVID-19 and depression was 0.228, and the mediating effect accounted for 90.35% of the total effect. Perceived social support played a moderating role in the last half of this mediating model. 【Conclusion】 Risk perception of COVID-19 indirectly affects the occurrence of anxiety and depression in college students through attention to negative information, and perceived social support plays a moderating role in this mediating model. The findings suggest that when a risk event occurs, colleges and universities should pay attention to guiding students to adjust their attentional bias to external information, and give students enough care and support to improve their mental health.
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【Objective】 To investigate the intrinsic relationship of social support and psychological capital with college students’ volunteer motivation in the post-epidemic era so as to provide theoretical basis for formulating policies and measures to increase college students’ participation in volunteer activities. 【Methods】 In March 2022, 1 120 college students from 15 universities in Henan Province were selected by convenient sampling method. Their general information, social support, psychological capital, and volunteer motivation were investigated, and univariate analysis, correlation analysis and intermediary effect analysis were performed. 【Results】 The differences of scores in six dimensions of volunteer motivation (i.e., values, understanding, enhancement, career, social interaction, and self-protection) were statistically significant (F=124.90, P<0.001). There were significant differences in social support level of college students of different genders (t=-2.40, P<0.05), and the difference in volunteer motivation level among different grades of college students was statistically significant (F=6.72, P<0.001). Social support, psychological capital, and volunteer motivation were positively correlated with one another (r=0.41, r=0.35, r=0.50, P<0.001). Part of the intermediary effect of psychological capital between social support and volunteer motivation was significant (intermediary effect value=0.49, 95% CI: 0.39-0.59). 【Conclusion】 Colleges and universities can take corresponding measures to improve college students’ volunteer motivation level by improving social support and psychological capital level.
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{L-End}Objective To analyze the current status of e-health literacy (e-HL) among college students and its influencing factors based on the Anderson model. {L-End}Methods A total of 7 230 college students from Guangdong Province, Hebei Province, Jiangsu Province and other places were selected as the study subjects using the convenient sampling method based on the theoretical framework of the Anderson model. The e-HL level, anxiety symptoms and depression symptoms were investigated using the e-Health Literacy Scale, the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Scale and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 items. {L-End}Results The score of e-HL was (29.2±6.7), with the pass rate of 42.8%. The result of multiple linear regression analysis showed that college students with lower class rank, higher average monthly family income, better online health information judgment ability, and lower degree of depression symptoms had higher e-HL level (all P<0.01). College students living in urban areas had higher e-HL levels than those living in rural areas (P<0.01). College students who engaged in regular physical exercise had higher e-HL levels than those who did not (P<0.01). College students with mild anxiety symptoms had lower e-HL levels than those without anxiety symptoms (P<0.01). {L-End}Conclusion The e-HL level of college students needs to be improved. From the perspective of the Anderson model, predisposing characteristics (class grade ranking), resources (place of residence, online health information judgment ability, regular physical exercise), demand factors (anxiety symptoms, depression symptoms) affect the level of e-HL of college students.
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ObjectiveTo construct the physical activity intervention effect category and framework for college students with mental and behavioral health and functioning problems based on International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF). MethodsThe typical mental and behavioral health and functioning condition of college students were systematically analyzed using ICF. Relevant literatures about the health and functioning outcomes of college students participating in physical activity were retrieved from the databases of PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, and CNKI, from the establishment to August 20th, 2022, and reviewed systematically. ResultsTen English literatures were included, involving ten randomized controlled trials with 848 participants aged 15 to 34 years from seven countries, mainly from the journals of rehabilitation science, sports rehabilitation, rehabilitation psychology and health psychology, and were mainly published after 2016. The typical mental and behavioral health and functioning problems of college students mainly focused on stress, anxiety, depression, sleep disorders, learning fatigue, mobile phone addiction, alcohol drinking disorder, sedentary behavior and physical inactivity. Physical activity interventions included Biodanza, Hatha Yoga, Tai Chi, basketball, Baduanjin, cycling, swimming, roller skating, baseball, skill training, stretching exercise, resistance training, and aerobic exercise, etc. The frequency of interventions was mainly a long-term (four to 14 weeks, one to three times per week) program of high-, moderate-, or low-intensity physical activity. The health outcomes included improving cognitive function, relieving stress, anxiety, depression and learning fatigue, reducing negative automatic thinking, enhancing mindfulness, reducing loneliness and deficiency, improving sleep quality, improving upper limb muscle endurance; promoting the development of exercise habits, increasing physical activity participation, improving activity performance and academic performance, reducing sedentary behavior, drinking behavior and problematic mobile phone use; increasing social interaction, improving health perception and psychosocial function, enriching and improving recreation and campus life, and improving the quality of interpersonal relationships, quality of life and well-being. ConclusionA conceptual framework of physical activity participation of college students with mental and behavioral health and functioning problems is constructed using ICF. The typical mental and behavioral health and functioning problems of college students are mainly classified as mental health and functioning problems, behavioral health and functioning problems. The intervention types of physical activity are divided into physical fitness category, skill category, sports category and combination category. Health outcomes can be reflected in three dimensions: physical and mental health, activity and behavioral health, and overall functioning and quality of life.
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ObjectiveTo construct the mental health benefits of physical activity of Tai Chi and framework for college students based on International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF), and to systematically review the effect of physical activity of Tai Chi on anxiety, depression and sleep quality of college students. MethodsRelevant literatures about the health outcomes on anxiety, depression and sleep quality of college students participating in physical activity of Tai Chi were retrieved from databases of Web of Science, PubMed, Medline, Scopus, CNKI, Wanfang data, from the establishment to November 10th, 2022, and screened and reviewed. ResultsTen randomized controlled trials were included finally, from China and U.S.， involving 960 participants (aged 16.4 to 40 years). The main sources were from journals about physical activity and health, with publication dates from 2016 to 2021. The quality of the included literatures was evaluated using the Physical Therapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale with a mean score of 6.3. The main mental health problems of college students mainly focused on depression, anxiety, high stress, and poor sleep quality. The physical activity of Tai Chi included 24 simplified Tai Chi and Chen style Tai Chi. The frequency of physical activity of Tai Chi was mainly 1 to 6 times a week, 45 to 90 minutes (60 minutes mostly) a time, for 4 to 18 weeks. The health benefits of Tai Chi on anxiety, depression, and sleep quality for college students in the ICF were mainly in the affective function (b152), psychomotor function (b147), energy and drive function (b130), and sleep function (b134). The beneficial outcomes of physical activity of Tai Chi involved reducing anxiety, alleviating depressive symptoms and reducing stress. Compared with physical activity of Tai Chi, physical activity of Tai Chi with the addition of a twenty-four-pattern Taijiquan theory course was more effective in improving depression levels in patients with mild and moderate depression. Tai Chi also can help to improve sleep quality, shorten the time to sleep, and reduce sleep disturbances and daytime dysfunction. ConclusionA PICO framework of Tai Chi for the health benefits of college students has been constructed using ICF. Tai Chi engaged in by college students are mainly 24 simplified Tai Chi. The frequency of physical activity of Tai Chi is 45 to 90 minutes (60 minutes mostly) a time, 1 to 6 times a week, for 4 to 18 weeks. The physical activities of Tai Chi can benefit in reducing anxiety and depression of college students and improving the quality of sleep.
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Objective @#To investigate the knowledge, attitude and practice on e-cigarette use among college students in Guiyang City, so as to provide insights into tobacco control health education among colleges and universities. Methods College students were sampled from full-time colleges and universities in Guiyang City using a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method from March to May in 2022. Students' knowledge, attitude and practice on e-cigarette use were collected using a questionnaire designed based on the 2019 China National Youth Tobacco Survey Questionnaire, and factors affecting the attempt to use e-cigarette were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model. @* Methods@# College students were sampled from full-time colleges and universities in Guiyang City using a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method from March to May in 2022. Students' knowledge, attitude and practice on e-cigarette use were collected using a questionnaire designed based on the 2019 China National Youth Tobacco Survey Questionnaire, and factors affecting the attempt to use e-cigarette were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model. @* Results @#Totally 2 800 questionnaires were recovered, including 2 694 valid questionnaires, with an effective recovery rate of 96.21%. The respondents included 687 males (25.50%) and 2 007 females (74.50%). The total score of knowledge on e-cigarette use was (2.95±1.02) points, and there were low proportions of knowing that e-cigarettes contained hazardous substances, including nicotine and tar (59.06%) and knowing that e-cigarette use may cause diseases (53.27%). The total score of attitudes towards e-cigarette use was (5.09±2.36) points, and 93.50% of respondents did not use e-cigarettes given by companions. There were 132 students with attempts to use e-cigarettes (4.90%), and there were 29 current e-cigarette users (1.08%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified age of 20 years and lower (OR=0.438, 95%CI: 0.267-0.719), living in rural areas (OR=0.458, 95%CI: 0.264-0.794), thinking that e-cigarettes are addictive (OR=0.449, 95%CI: 0.217-0.928), and thinking that e-cigarette smoking is harmful (OR=0.263, 95%CI: 0.131-0.527) as factors protecting from e-cigarette use, and monthly living expenses of more than 2 000 Yuan (OR=2.995, 95%CI: 1.135-7.902), cigarette smoking (OR=19.826, 95%CI: 11.385-34.527), and using companions' e-cigarettes (OR=9.141, 95%CI: 5.534-15.101) and thinking that people around me support my use of e-cigarettes (OR=2.673, 95%CI: 1.426-5.013) were risk factors for e-cigarette use among college students. @* Conclusions @#There is a low awareness rate of e-cigarette use among college students in Guiyang City, and the majority oppose e-cigarette use, with a low proportion of attempt to use e-cigarettes. Age, source of students, monthly living expenses, e-cigarette smoking, knowledge on e-cigarette use and use of companions' e-cigarettes may affect the attempt to use e-cigarettes.
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A vida universitária de mulheres mães apresenta questões que precisam ser mediadas quando comparadas com a mesma dinâmica em estudantes que não são mães. O referencial teórico da psicodinâmica do trabalho reconhece o estudar e o maternar como trabalho, pois demandam esforço cognitivo, físico e temporal com finalidade social. O objetivo deste artigo foi avaliar os danos advindos desses dois trabalhos, sobretudo, em suas dimensões física, psicológica e social, na vida de mães universitárias com filhos de até cinco anos de idade. Utilizou-se a metodologia quantitativa com ajuda da aplicação da Escala de Avaliação dos Danos Relacionados ao Trabalho (EADRT), e adaptada para o contexto estudantil e materno. A pesquisa foi respondida por 453 mães universitárias. Dessa forma, foi encontrada uma amostra heterogênea, cujas respostas apontaram para diferenças na percepção dos danos; correlações dos fatores; e associações com as variáveis sociodemográficas. Logo, discute-se a presença de danos físicos, sociais e psicológicos considerados graves para as duas atividades. No entanto, quando as mães universitárias residem com um companheiro ou têm maior renda, os danos sociais e psicológicos se mostraram menores. Com efeito, esta pesquisa ampliou o conhecimento sobre quem são as mães brasileiras na graduação e que tipo/grau de danos à saúde elas vivenciam, destacando que o acúmulo dos dois papéis acarreta níveis críticos que podem ser atenuados pelo apoio familiar e pela assistência às questões de vulnerabilidade econômica. Por fim, reforça-se a preocupação em analisar cientificamente essas realidades, servindo de embasamento para políticas públicas e estratégias futuras de intervenção.(AU)
The student life of college mothers shows complementary issues that need to be evaluated when compared with the same dynamic in students that are not mothers. The theoretical framework of the psychodynamics of work recognizes studying and mothering occupations as work activities, since they demand cognitive, physical, and temporal effort with a social purpose. The aim of this article was to assess the damage arising from these two workloads, especially, in their physical, psychological, and social dimensions, to the lives of women undergraduate students who have children up to five years old. We used a quantitative methodology with the application of the Work-Related Damage Assessment Scale (EADRT), adapted to the university and maternity context. The scale was answered by 453 college student mothers. Thus, we found a heterogeneous sample, whose answers pointed to variations in the perception of damage; correlations between factors; and connections with the socio demographic variables. Therefore, we discuss the presence of physical, social, and psychological damages considered severe for both activities. However, when the student mothers live with a partner or have a higher income, the social and psychological damage are lesser. In conclusion, this study expanded the knowledge about who are the Brazilian undergraduate student mothers and the type/degree of damages to their health they experienced, highlighting that the build-up of the two roles leads to critical levels that can be mitigated by family support and by assistance to issues concerning economic vulnerability. Finally, the importance to scientifically analyze these realities, serving as foundation for public policies and future intervention strategies, is reinforced.(AU)
La vida universitaria de madres tienen demandas diferentes que necesitan discusión en la comparación con la vida universitaria de mujeres que no son madres. El marco teórico de la psicodinámica de trabajo reconoce el papel de madre y de estudiante como trabajos, ya que para hacerlos se requiere esfuerzo cognitivo, físico y temporal, con finalidad social. El objetivo de este estudio es avaliar los daños que acompañan estos dos trabajos en sus dimensiones física, psicológica y social, en la vida de mujeres brasileñas estudiantes de grado que tienen hijos de hasta 5 años de edad. Se utilizó la metodología cuantitativa a partir de la aplicación de la Escala de Evaluación de Daños Relacionados al Trabajo (EADRT), adaptada al contexto estudiantil y de maternidad. La encuesta fue respondida por 453 madres universitarias. Como resultado, se encontró una muestra heterogénea, con diferencias entre la percepción de daños, correlaciones entre los factores y asociaciones entre los daños y variables sociodemográficas. Se discute la presencia de daños físicos, sociales y psicológicos considerados graves para los dos papeles. Sin embargo, cuando las madres universitarias viven con un compañero o tienen ingresos más grandes, los daños sociales y psicológicos son menores. Se concluye que este estudio permitió ampliar el conocimiento acerca de las madres brasileñas en el grado y qué tipo/nivel de los daños a la salud tienen, que destaca que la acumulación de los papeles genera niveles críticos que pueden ser mitigados por el apoyo familiar y asistencia en cuestiones de vulnerabilidad económica. Se destaca la preocupación por analizar científicamente las realidades de madres universitarias, sirviendo de base para políticas públicas y estrategias de intervenciones futuras.(AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Adolescente , Adulto , Adulto Joven , Trabajo , Evaluación de Daños , Madres , Ansiedad , Relaciones Padres-Hijo , Pobreza , Prejuicio , Psicología , Psicología Social , Calidad de Vida , Educación Compensatoria , Sueño , Trastornos del Sueño-Vigilia , Conducta Social , Cambio Social , Responsabilidad Social , Ciencias Sociales , Apoyo Social , Socialización , Factores Socioeconómicos , Abandono Escolar , Derechos de la Mujer , Conducta , Conducta y Mecanismos de Conducta , Integración Escolar , Lactancia Materna , Embarazo , Adaptación Psicológica , Padres Solteros , Matrimonio , Crianza del Niño , Composición Familiar , Indicadores de Calidad de Vida , Responsabilidad Legal , Permiso Parental , Estado Civil , Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas , Feminismo , Compensación y Reparación , Mareo , Sueños , Escolaridad , Emociones , Docentes , Miedo , Conducta Alimentaria , Discriminación Social , Marginación Social , Capital Social , Ajuste Emocional , Sistemas de Apoyo Psicosocial , Equilibrio entre Vida Personal y Laboral , Pruebas de Memoria y Aprendizaje , Activismo Político , División del Trabajo Basado en el Género , Agotamiento Psicológico , Estatus Económico , Tristeza , Distrés Psicológico , Inclusión Social , Factores Económicos , Factores Sociodemográficos , Ciudadanía , Apoyo Familiar , Bienestar Psicológico , Culpa , Vivienda , Derechos Humanos , Acontecimientos que Cambian la Vida , Amor , Relaciones Madre-Hijo , MotivaciónRESUMEN
Objetivo. Evaluar un modelo predictivo de sintomatología postraumática (SPT) y de crecimiento postraumático (CPT), que incluía variables psicológicas, relacionadas con la pandemia y con las clases virtuales, en estudiantes de educación superior durante la pandemia. Método. Participaron 552 estudiantes cuya mayoría corresponde a un 68.5% de mujeres. Se aplicaron instrumentos para medir distintas variables psicológicas. Resultados. Se estableció que un modelo predictivo que incluía la rumiación intrusiva y deliberada, la severidad subjetiva, la supresión emocional, la revaluación cognitiva, el apoyo social, un espacio adecuado para conectarse a clases en línea y el nivel de estudios predecía en forma significativa la SPT. La rumiación deliberada, el apoyo social, la reevaluación cognitiva y la edad predecían el CPT. Se discute la relevancia de estos resultados para el apoyo que se podría brindar a los estudiantes.
Objective. To evaluate a predictive model of posttraumatic symptomatology (PTS) and posttraumatic growth (PTC), which included psychological, pandemic-related, and online classroom-related variables, in higher education students during the pandemic. Method. A total of 552 students participated, 68.5% of whom were women. Instruments were applied to measure different psychological variables. Results. It was established that a model that included intrusive and deliberate rumination, subjective severity, emotional suppression, cognitive reappraisal, social support, adequate space to connect to online classes, and educational attainment significantly predicted PTS. Deliberate rumination, social support, cognitive reappraisal, and age predicted CPT. The relevance of these findings to the academic support that could be provided to students is discussed.
RESUMEN
Objective:To understand the development of extracurricular activities among students majoring in preventive medicine in a medical college and explore the impact of perception of extracurricular activities on major courses and extracurricular performances.Methods:A self-made questionnaire on the extracurricular perception was conducted, involving such aspects as organizational support, teacher guidance, student participation, etc. In August 2019, all senior students from Department of Preventive Medicine of a medical college were investigated by the questionnaire. At the same time, we had the extracurricular performances of the students from the Communist Youth League Committee and the major courses performances from the Academic Affairs Section of the Department. The Pearson test was conducted on the dimensions and total score of extracurricular perception, extracurricular performance and major courses performance to verify the impact of extracurricular perception on major courses and extracurricular performances. SPSS 19.0 was used for normality test, chi-square test and correlation analysis.Results:A total of 95 valid questionnaires were distributed and collected. It was noted that the total score of students' extracurricular perception was higher (66.23 points), among which, the highest score of teacher guidance was 73.10, while the lowest score of students' participation was 61.85. Extracurricular perception had a significant impact on major courses and extracurricular activities, especially in organizational support and teacher's guidance.Conclusion:Teachers play an important role in extracurricular activities, and students' participation is influenced by students and school factors. It is suggested that the school should pay attention to extracurricular activities in the process of cultivating college students, education environment should be optimized, funds should be guaranteed, the extracurricular courses should be improved, and the management system should be improved. For the teachers, teachers' professional level should be improved. Teachers should provide helpful guidance for students. At the same time, teachers should learn to use new technologies to build a better environment for students' learning. In addition, teachers should provide students with opportunities to be involved in extracurricular activities and create platforms. Finally, students should actively participate in all kinds of activities both inside and outside the school.