RESUMEN
RESUMO Objetivo: Conhecer a participação da criança no cuidado de Enfermagem a partir de uma intervenção lúdica na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica. Método: Estudo qualitativo, realizado entre outubro de 2022 a fevereiro de 2023 na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica com dez crianças entre cinco e 11 anos, no Maranhão, Brasil. Utilizou-se uma história em quadrinhos sobre crianças hospitalizadas. Optou-se pela Análise Temática de Minayo para análise dos dados. Resultados: A participação da criança no cuidado deu-se por liberdade de expressão e estímulo a conhecer a situação clínica de forma própria para a idade. O uso dos quadrinhos mostrou-se uma tecnologia para brincar, educar e cuidar, pois reuniu elementos lúdicos e educativos capazes de intervir nessas três dimensões. Conclusão: A participação da criança no cuidado envolveu escuta sensível, comunicação adequada para a idade, abordagem inclusiva e o permitir ser criança enquanto aprende sobre si e o ambiente.
ABSTRACT Objective: To learn about children's participation in nursing care through a playful intervention in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. Method: Qualitative study carried out between October 2022 and February 2023 in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit with ten children between five and 11 years old in Maranhão, Brazil. A comic book about hospitalized children was used. Minayo's Thematic Analysis was used to analyze the data. Results: The child's participation in the care took place through freedom of expression and encouragement to learn about the clinical situation in a way that was appropriate for their age. Comics proved to be a technology for playing, educating, and caring, combining playful and educational elements capable of intervening in these three dimensions. Conclusion: The child's participation in care involved sensitive listening, age-appropriate communication, an inclusive approach, and allowing them to be a child while learning about themselves and their environment.
RESUMEN Objetivo: Conocer la participación de los niños en los cuidados de enfermería a través de una intervención lúdica en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos. Método: Estudio cualitativo, realizado entre octubre de 2022 y febrero de 2023 en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos con diez niños de entre cinco y once años, en Maranhão, Brasil. Se utilizó un cómic sobre niños hospitalizados. Para analizar los datos se utilizó el análisis temático de Minayo. Resultados: La participación del niño en los cuidados adoptó la forma de libertad de expresión y estímulo para conocer la situación clínica de forma adecuada a su edad. El uso del cómic resultó ser una tecnología para jugar, educar y cuidar, ya que reunía elementos lúdicos y educativos capaces de intervenir en estas tres dimensiones. Conclusión: La participación del niño en los cuidados implicaba una escucha sensible, una comunicación adecuada a su edad, un enfoque integrador y permitir ser un niño mientras aprendía sobre sí mismo y su entorno.
RESUMEN
The purpose of this study was to develop a risk communication material on artificial food color additives for elementary school students. The development was based on a previous study on the perception and information needs of elementary school students on artificial food colors including that the students usually were interested in artificial food colors, but didn't know about those well, and they wanted to get information on the safety of their intake, function and necessity of food color additives. Based on the above results, a comic book on artificial food colors was developed as a risk communication material for the elementary school students by brainstorming and consultation with experts. The book was titled as 'Variegated artificial food colors! Understanding and Eating'. It contained basic information on food additives focused on artificial food colors including definition, function, calculation of ADI, usage of artificial food colors, quizzes and useful web sites, etc. The results of field evaluation for the developed material by 101 elementary school students were very positive in getting the correct information, understanding artificial food colors and having proper attitude for healthy dietary life. Therefore, the developed material could be used to help elementary school students have proper perception on artificial food colors and facilitate the risk communication on food additives.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Aditivos AlimentariosRESUMEN
The purpose of this study was to develop children-friendly comic books and animation for dietary education of 3rd or 4th grade elementary students. Through a literature review on current dietary problems and dietary education for children, 15 educational themes were chosen on both healthy eating and safe dietary life. Comic books and animation were developed based on the themes by the brainstorming and help of professional animators, and they were applied and evaluated in the field. The developed comic books and animation, with its own characters, proved to be of high quality and effective educational materials for children's healthy and safe eating. Compared with the reference group, the tested group has shown a significant improvement in dietary knowledge and attitude (p < 0.05). And both parents (level of understanding 4.29, level of interest 4.49, level of usefulness 4.46, level of design satisfaction 3.95 in 5-point Likert scale) and children (level of understanding 4.63, level of interest 4.57, level of usefulness of 1st comic book 4.44, 2nd comic book 4.49, level of design satisfaction 4.06, level of usefulness for knowledge pages 4.22 in 5-point Likert scale) have shown high levels of interests and satisfaction. Therefore, these materials could be utilized as effective educational materials for elementary students in school lunch time, extra-curricular activities, or after school programs.