Folleto de juegos predeportivos correctivos compensatorios para educandos con discapacidad intelectual / Folheto de jogos compensatórios pré-esportivos compensatórios para alunos com deficiência intelectual / Booklet of compensatory corrective pre-sports games for students with intellectual disabilities

RESUMEN Introducción: Los juegos predeportivos son una forma lúdica motora de tipo intermedio entre el juego y el deporte, imbrica elementos de la modalidad deportiva, encargado de revalorizar lo lúdico del deporte más allá de la existencia de un ganador o un perdedor. Objetivo: La investigación tuvo como objetivo elaborar un folleto de juegos predeportivos correctivos compensatorios para educandos con discapacidad intelectual. Materiales y métodos: Folleto que en su interior incluye un total de 15 juegos, estructurados de la siguiente forma: objetivo, nombre del juego, habilidades motrices a formar, habilidades comunicativas a formar, capacidades físicas que favorece, método a utilizar, procedimientos y formas organizativas, además cumple con los pasos metodológicos de los juegos, materiales necesarios, organización, desarrollo, reglas y variantes. Se utilizaron métodos nvestigativos tales como análisis de documentos, entrevista, encuesta, observación a clases y la triangulación metodológica. Resultados: El folleto de juegos predeportivos correctivos compensatorios constituye una más de las adecuaciones curriculares diseñadas para el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en los educandos con necesidades educativas especiales, en el cual se potencia el tratamiento personalizado en correspondencia con las características psicopedagógicas que poseen los educandos. Conclusiones: El preexperimento realizado al folleto de juegos predeportivos correctivos compensatorios para educandos con discapacidad intelectual en el municipio de Pinar del Rio permitió examinar su influencia elocuente en la preparación de los educandos para una vida adulta e independiente que se reduce en mejor calidad de vida.

RESUMO Introdução: Os jogos pré-esportivos são uma forma de jogos motorizados de tipo intermediário entre jogos e esporte, elementos imbricados da modalidade esportiva, encarregados de revalorizar a ludicidade do esporte além da existência de um vencedor ou um perdedor. Objetivo: O objetivo da pesquisa era elaborar um livreto de jogos pré-esportivos compensatórios corretivos para alunos com deficiência intelectual. Materiais e métodos: O livreto inclui um total de 15 jogos, estruturados da seguinte forma: objetivo, nome do jogo, habilidades motoras a serem treinadas, habilidades comunicativas a serem treinadas, habilidades físicas a serem favorecidas, método a ser usado, procedimentos e formas organizacionais, assim como as etapas metodológicas dos jogos, materiais necessários, organização, desenvolvimento, regras e variantes. Foram utilizados métodos de pesquisa como análise de documentos, entrevista, pesquisa, observação em sala de aula e triangulação metodológica. Resultados: O livreto de jogos compensatórios corretivos pré-esportivos constitui mais uma das adaptações curriculares destinadas ao processo ensino-aprendizagem em alunos com necessidades educativas especiais, em que o tratamento personalizado é reforçado em correspondência com as características psicopedagógicas dos alunos. Conclusões: A pré-experimentação realizada no caderno de jogos pré-esportivos compensatórios corretivos para alunos com deficiência intelectual no município de Pinar del Rio permitiu examinar sua influência eloqüente na preparação dos alunos para uma vida adulta e independente que resulta em uma melhor qualidade de vida.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Pre-sports games are a form of motor play of an intermediate type between game and sport, overlapping elements of the sports modality, responsible for revaluing the playfulness of sport beyond the existence of a winner or a loser. Objective: The research aimed to develop a booklet of compensatory corrective pre-sports games for students with intellectual disabilities. Materials and methods: Booklet that includes a total of 15 games inside, structured as follows: objective, name of the game, motor skills to train, communication skills to train, physical capacities that favors, method to use, procedures and organizational forms, it also complies with the methodological steps of the games, necessary materials, organization, development, rules and variants. Research methods such as document analysis, interview, survey, class observation and methodological triangulation were used. Results: The booklet of compensatory corrective pre-sports games constitutes one more of the curricular adaptations designed for the teaching-learning process in students with special educational needs, in which the personalized treatment is enhanced in correspondence with the psychopedagogical characteristics that the students possess. Conclusions: The pre-experiment carried out on the booklet of compensatory corrective pre-sports games for students with intellectual disabilities in the municipality of Pinar del Rio allowed us to examine its eloquent influence on the preparation of students for an adult and independent life that is reduced in better quality of life.

Quality of life in 243 patients with primary palmar hyperhidrosis after endoscopic thoracic sympathicotomy / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective    To evaluate the quality of life (QOL) in patients with primary palmar hyperhidrosis (PPH) after endoscopic thoracic sympathicotomy (ETS) and analyze the influencing factors. Methods    A total of 243 patients (118 males and 125 females, with an average age of 21.99±6.31 years) with PPH who were successfully treated with ETS (only T3 level thoracic sympathicotomy) in our hospital from January 2017 to January 2018 were enrolled, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF) was used to assess the QOL scores before and after ETS. By establishing a linear regression model of gender, age, body mass index, compensatory hyperhidrosis (CH) and palm dryness, and the relationship between the changes of the QOL scores and various factors was studied. Results    The total QOL score after surgery was higher than that before surgery (63.01±4.58 vs. 48.11±1.95, P<0.05). Compared with the negative group of CH, the QOL score decreased by 4.662 in the postoperative CH patients. For every grade of CH severity increasing, the QOL score decreased by 3.449. Compared with the negative group, the QOL scores decreased by 1.804 and 2.400 respectively for every grade of CH severity increasing in the patients with postoperative chest and back CH. Conclusion    ETS can not only improve the symptoms of abnormal palmar hyperhidrosis, but also significantly improve the QOL. Severe chest and back CH is an important factor affecting the QOL of patients.

Characteristics of bone marrow compensatory erythropoiesis in hereditary spherocytosis / 中华血液学杂志

Objective: To reveal the compensatory features of bone marrow (BM) erythropoiesis in hereditary spherocytosis (HS) and to explore the effect of diferent hemoglobin levels on this compensation. Methods: Clinical and laboratory data of patients with HS were collected, and the peripheral blood absolute reticulocytes counts value was taken as the surrogate parameter to evaluate the ability of erythropoiesis compensation. BM erythropoiesis compensation in HS with diferent degrees of anemia were evaluated. Results: ①Three hundred and two patients were enrolled, including 115 with compensated hemolytic disease, 74 with mild anemia, 90 with moderate anemia, and 23 with severe anemia. ②Hemoglobin (HGB) was negatively correlated with serum erythropoietin in the decompensated hemolytic anemia group (EPO; rs=-0.585, P<0.001) . ③The median absolute reticulocyte count (ARC) of HS patients was 0.34 (0.27, 0.44) ×10(12)/L, up to 4.25 times that of normal people. The maximum ARC was 0.81×10(12)/L, about 10 times that of normal people. The median ARC of patients with compensated hemolytic disease was 0.29 (0.22, 0.38) ×10(12)/L, up to 3.63 times that of normal people. The median ARC of patients with hemolytic anemia was 0.38 (0.30, 0.46) ×10(12)/L, which was significantly higher than the patients with compensated hemolytic disease, up to 4.75 times that of normal people (z=4.999, P=0.003) . ④ ARC was negatively correlated with HGB in the compensated hemolytic disease group (rs=-0.177, P=0.002) and positively correlated with HGB in the decompensated hemolytic anemia group (rs=0.191, P=0.009) . There was no significant difference in the ARC among patients with mild, moderate, and severe anemia (χ(2)=4.588, P=0.101) . ⑤The median immature reticulocyte production index of the mild, moderate, and severe anemia groups was 13.1% (9.1%, 18.4%) , 17.0% (13.4%, 20.8%) , and 17.8% (14.6%, 21.8%) , respectively; the mild anemia group had lower index values than the moderate and severe anemia groups (P(adj) values were both<0.05) , but there was no significant difference between the latter groups (P(adj)=1.000) . The median immature reticulocyte count of patients in the mild, moderate, and severe groups was 5.09 (2.60, 7.74) ×10(10)/L, 6.24 (4.34, 8.83) ×10(10)/L, and 7.00 (3.07, 8.22) ×10(10)/L, respectively; there was no significant difference among the groups (χ(2)=3.081, P=0.214) . Conclusion: HGB can be maintained at a normal level through bone marrow erythropoiesis, while red blood cells are reduced in HS. However, once anemia develops, the bone marrow exerts its maximum erythropoiesis capacity and does not increase, regardless of anemia aggravation or serum EPO increase.

Advance in chin-down maneuver in aspiration for dysphagic patients (review) / 中国康复理论与实践

ObjectiveTo identify the appropriate definition, scope of application, the mechanism and the efficacy of the chin-down maneuver in aspiration reduction or prevention. MethodsLiteratures about chin-down published before July, 2021 were reviewed. ResultsA total of 13 articles were included. Chin-down refered to the action of bending the neck and leaning the chin as far as possible toward the chest. Chin-down maneuver could change the position and pressure of the pharyngeal structure to guide the food safely into the esophagus, to prevent or reduce aspiration. Chin-down maneuver was effctive on dysphagia caused by insufficient laryngeal elevation, delayed pharyngeal reflex, epiglottal defect, lychee cartilage defect, and glottis closure defect. However, this action worked in patients with premature overflow of food clumps, weak pharyngeal contraction muscle strength, and poor oral preservation. ConclusionChin-down maneuver is beneficial to aspiration dysphagia after dysphagia.

Discontinuation of nucleoside/nucleoside analogues therapy in compensated patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis after HBsAg negative conversion / 中华临床感染病杂志

Objective:To evaluate the safety of discontinuing nucleoside/nucleoside analogue (NAs) therapy in patients with compensated hepatitis B cirrhosis after HBsAg negative conversion.Methods:A total of 3 783 patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis in compensated stage were treated with NAs at Taizhou Hospital, Taizhou Municipal Hospital and Taizhou Enze Hospital from January 2008 to December 2020. The clinical data and laboratory tests results of 85 patients with HBsAg negative conversion were retrospectively analyzed, including 36 cases discontinued the drug, and 49 continued to use drug. Chi-square test and rank-sum test were used for data analysis.Results:During the 24 and 48 months of follow-up, the ALT levels were within the normal range in both groups. There were no significant differences in positive rates of anti-HBs and HBeAg ( χ2=0.75, 0.39 and 0.90, P=0.78 0.84 and 0.34; χ2=0.40, 0.00 and 0.00, P=0.84, 1.00 and 1.00) between two groups. After 48 months of follow-up, 2 cases of primary liver cancer occurred in the discontinuation group and no primary liver cancer occurred in the continuation group ( χ2=0.89, P=0.34). Throughout the follow-up, HBsAg remained negative and HBV DNA load was below the lower limit of detection in both groups. Conclusions:Discontinuation of NAs can be considered after the HBsAg negative conversion in patients with compensated hepatitis B cirrhosis.

Improvement in broiler performance by feeding a nutrient-dense diet after a mild feed restriction / Mejora del rendimiento en pollos de engorde mediante una dieta rica en nutrientes tras una ligera restricción alimenticia / Melhoria dos rendimentos de frangos de corte de uma dieta rica em nutrientes após uma restrição ligeira

Abstract Background: The use of early nutrient-restriction programs in broilers can prevent complications such as increased body fat deposition and its consequences. However, feed restriction not always gives the expected results. Objective: To assess the effect of two levels of feed restriction followed by a re-alimentation period with five increasing nutrient levels on growth performance and immune response of broiler chickens. Methods: A total of 330 animals were used. The treatments were: 25 (T25) and 35% (T35) quantitative feed restriction during the starting period, and 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, and 15% increased energy and protein contents during the growing and finishing periods. Results: For all the T25 treatments, except for T25-0, feed intake (FI) and body weight gain (BWG) were higher, and feed conversion rate (FCR) was lower (p<0.05) compared to the control treatment. In that group, the response of FI and BWG to the increased nutrient density was mostly quadratic (p<0.001), whereas that of FCR was linear (p<0.001). The FI and BWG results were less homogeneous in the T35 treatments, but FCR was lower compared to the control treatment (p<0.05) in all of them. The FCR showed no differences (p>0.05) between treatments during the finishing period. Conclusion: Feeding a nutrient-dense diet after a period of mild feed restriction gives the best results, while increasing nutrient density after a more severe feed restriction does not improve productive results compared to a standard diet. Carcass traits and immune function were not affected by restriction level or nutrient density.

Resumen Antecedentes: El uso de programas de restricción alimenticia temprana en pollos de engorde puede prevenir el incremento de la deposición de grasa corporal y sus consecuencias. Sin embargo, la restricción alimenticia no proporciona siempre los resultados esperados. Objetivo: Investigar los efectos de dos niveles de restricción alimenticia seguida por un período de realimentación con cinco niveles crecientes de nutrientes sobre el rendimiento productivo y la respuesta inmune de pollos de engorde. Métodos: Se utilizaron 330 animales. Los tratamientos fueron: restricción cuantitativa del 25 (T25) y del 35% (T35) durante el periodo de iniciación y aumento de la energía y contenido proteico de la dieta del 0, 2,5, 5, 7,5, 10 y 15% durante los periodos de crecimiento y finalización. Resultados: Para casi todos los T25 el consumo de alimento (FI) y el aumento de peso corporal (BWG) fueron mayores y el índice de conversión (FCR) menor (p<0,05) en comparación con el control. La respuesta del FI y el BWG al aumento de la densidad de nutrientes en este grupo fue mayoritariamente cuadrática (p<0,001), mientras que en el caso del FCR fue lineal (p<0,001). Los resultados del FI y el BWG fueron menos homogéneos en los T35, pero el FCR fue menor que en el control (p<0,05). El FCR no mostró diferencias (p>0,05) entre tratamientos durante el periodo de acabado. Conclusión: La alimentación con una dieta rica en nutrientes después una restricción ligera proporciona los mejores resultados, mientras que el incremento de la densidad de la dieta después de una restricción severa no mejora los resultados productivos en comparación con una dieta estándar. Las características de la canal y la respuesta inmune no se vieron afectadas por el nivel de restricción o la densidad de nutrientes de la dieta.

Resumo Antecedentes: O uso de programas de restrição precoce de nutrientes em frangos de corte tem o potencial de prevenir complicações como o aumento da deposição de gordura corporal e suas consequências. No entanto, a restrição alimentar nem sempre dá os resultados esperados. Objetivo: Investigar os efeitos de dois níveis de restrição alimentar seguidos de um período de re-alimentação com cinco níveis crescentes de nutrientes no rendimento produtivo e na resposta imune de frangos de corte. Métodos: Foram utilizados 330 animais. Os tratamentos foram: restrição quantitativa de 25 (T25) e 35% (T35) durante o período inicial e aumento do conteúdo energético e proteico da dieta de 0, 2,5, 5, 7,5, 10 e 15% durante os períodos de crescimento e finalização. Resultados: Para todos os tratamentos T25, menos para T25-0, consumo de ração (FI) e ganho de peso corporal (BWG) foram maiores e a taxa de conversão (FCR) foi menor (p<0,05) o controle. A resposta do FI e do BWG ao aumento da densidade de nutrientes nesse grupo foi principalmente quadrática (p<0,001), enquanto no caso da FCR foi linear (p<0,001). Os resultados do FI e do BWG foram menos homogêneos nos tratamentos T35, mas o FCR foi menor que no tratamento controle (p<0,05). O FCR não apresentou diferenças (p>0,05) entre os tratamentos durante o período de terminação. Nenhuma tendência clara foi observada no peso relativo dos órgãos linfóides ou na resposta imune devido aos tratamentos testados. Conclusão: A alimentação de uma dieta rica em nutrientes após um período de restrição leve proporcionou os melhores resultados, enquanto o aumento da densidade de nutrientes na dieta após uma restrição severa não melhorou os resultados produtivos em comparação com uma dieta padrão.

Propuesta para la valoración de la gestión de riesgos de la COVID-19 con enfoque difuso / Proposal for valuation of the risk management of the COVID-19 with a diffuse / Proposta de avaliação da gestão de risco do COVID-19 com abordagem difusa

RESUMEN Introducción: el enfrentamiento a la COVID-19 impone importantes retos a los profesionales de la salud relacionados con los cuidados de la salud de la población y con la prevención y control de infecciones en la comunidad y en las instituciones de salud. Uno de los mayores retos a los que se enfrentan los hospitales es gestionar los riesgos sin que ello suponga un deterioro de la calidad percibida por el paciente y personal sanitario. Objetivo: diseñar un modelo para la gestión de riesgos epidemiológicos relacionado con la COVID-19 en consejos y unidades de salud. Métodos: se utilizó la Lógica Difusa Compensatoria como método pertinente de la modelación matemática en procesos complejos. Resultados: se tiene un modelo de decisión para la valoración de la gestión de riesgos relacionado con la COVID-19, integrado al sistema de control interno hospitalario. Conclusiones: se demostró la pertinencia de la gestión de riesgos como alternativa para exterminar la pandemia causada por el nuevo Coronavirus SARS CoV-2. Se confirma la pertinencia de la lógica difusa compensatoria para la toma de decisiones en proceso complejos. Se integró la gestión de riesgos de la COVID-19 al sistema de control interno hospitalario, permitiendo tomar estrategias para la mejora de las entidades de la salud.

ABSTRACT Introduction: the confrontation with COVID-19 imposes important challenges on health professionals related to the health care of the population and to the prevention and control of infections in the community and in health institutions. One of the biggest challenges that hospitals face is managing their risk more efficiently without this deteriorating the quality perceived by the patient and healthcare personnel. Objective: assessing the management of epidemiological risk related to COVID-19 in healt councils and units. Methods: compensatory fuzzy logic was used as a pertinent method of mathematical modeling in complex processes Results: there is a decision model for the assessment of risk management related to COVID-19, integrated into the hospital internal control system Conclusions: the relevance of risk management as an alternative to exterminate the pandemic caused by the new coronavirus SARS CoV-2was demonstrated. The pertinence of diffuse compensatory logic for decision making in complex processes is confirmed. The risk management of de covid was integrated into the hospital internal control system, allowing the desing of strategies for the improvement of health entities.

RESUMO Introdução: o enfrentamento da COVID-19 impõe desafios importantes para os profissionais de saúde relacionados à atenção à saúde da população e à prevenção e controle de infecções na comunidade e nas instituições de saúde. Um dos maiores desafios que os hospitais enfrentam é gerenciar os riscos sem causar uma deterioração na qualidade percebida pelo paciente e profissionais de saúde. Objetivo: traçarum modelo de gestão dos riscos epidemiológicos relacionados ao COVID-19 em conselhos e unidades de saúde. Métodos: A Lógica Fuzzy Compensatória foi utilizada como um método pertinente de modelagem matemática em processos complexos. Resultados: existe um modelo de decisão para avaliação do gerenciamento de riscos relacionado ao COVID-19, integrado ao sistema de controle interno do hospital. Conclusões: ficou demonstrada a relevância do gerenciamento de risco como alternativa para exterminar a pandemia causada pelo novo Coronavírus SARS CoV-2. A relevância da lógica fuzzy compensatória para a tomada de decisão em processos complexos é confirmada. A gestão de riscos do COVID-19 foi integrada ao sistema de controle interno do hospital, permitindo a adoção de estratégias de melhoria das entidades de saúde.

Scenarios for urban drainage on a Legal Amazon planned city: a case study in Palmas, Brazil / Cenários para drenagem urbana em uma cidade planejada na Amazônia Legal: um estudo de caso em Palmas, Brasil

ABSTRACT The significant urbanization of Brazil in the last decades has pushed cities to combine population growth with protection and harmonic living with their natural resources. The city of Palmas, a planned city in the Legal Amazon, is inserted in this context. In this sense, this study sought to analyze the hydrological and hydraulic responses to different scenarios of land use and occupation in one of its watersheds. Scenarios modeled with SWMM software were current, critical and compensatory techniques. The results showed that the conveyance system, including the main stream, are fully capable of conveying the affluent flow, even in the scenarios with greater impermeability of the watershed. The peak flow of the critical scenario is up to 11.12% higher than the current scenario. However, with compensatory techniques, it is possible to have a peak flow up to 25.76% smaller than the critical scenario.

RESUMO A relevante urbanização do Brasil nas últimas décadas tem pressionado as cidades a aliar o crescimento populacional à proteção e convívio com seus recursos naturais. A cidade de Palmas, uma cidade planejada na Amazônia Legal, se insere nesse contexto. Nesse sentido, este estudo buscou analisar as respostas hidrológicas e hidráulicas para diferentes cenários de uso e ocupação do solo em uma de suas bacias hidrográficas. Os cenários modelados com o auxílio do software SWMM foram o atual, crítico e medidas não convencionais. Os resultados apontaram que os trechos da rede de drenagem, incluindo o curso d'água principal, são plenamente capazes de escoar as vazões, mesmo nos cenários com maior impermeabilidade da bacia. A vazão de pico do cenário crítico é de até 11.12% maior que o cenário atual. No entanto, com medidas não convencionais, pode-se ter uma vazão de pico até 25.76% menor que a do cenário crítico.

Hemiagenesia tiroidea: caso clínico y revisión de la literatura / Thyroid hemiagenesis: clinical case and review of the literature

La hemiagenesia tiroidea representa un trastorno congénito caracterizado por la ausencia de desarrollo de uno de los lóbulos tiroideos, asociado o no a ausencia del istmo. Es más frecuente en las mujeres y por lo general se presenta como falta del lóbulo izquierdo, con hipertrofia compensatoria del lóbulo contralateral. Su diagnóstico es generalmente incidental o por manifestaciones del lóbulo tiroideo presente. Se hizo una revisión bibliografía, en donde no se encontraron casos reportados en Venezuela de hemiagenesia o agenesia tiroidea, describiéndose el siguiente. Presentamos a una paciente de 50 años de edad, conocida con hipotiroidismo desde los 31 años, negando cualquier cirugía en el área de cabeza y cuello. Desde febrero 2019 presentó aumento progresivo de volumen en región anterior de cuello. Al examen físico se observó aumento de volumen en región anterior derecha del cuello, palpándose lóbulo tiroideo derecho aumentado de tamaño, de aspecto nodular, no doloroso. En ecosonograma tiroideo se concluyó como bocio tiroideo derecho de aspecto multinodular, con ausencia del lóbulo izquierdo. Perfil tiroideo dentro de límites normales. Se lleva a mesa operatoria corroborándose ausencia del lóbulo izquierdo y presentado en la biopsia definitiva hiperplasia nodular en el lóbulo derecho. Se discute su frecuencia, la forma de presentación y se hace revisión de la literatura(AU)

Thyroid hemiagenesis represents a congenital disorder characterized by the absence of development of one of thyroid lobes, associated or not with absence of isthmus. It is more frequent in women and generally presents as absence of the left lobe, with compensatory hypertrophy of the contralateral lobe. Its diagnosis is generally incidental or by manifestations of the present thyroid lobe. A bibliography review was made, where no cases reported in Venezuela of hemiagenesis or thyroid agenesis were found, describing the following. We present a 50-year-old patient, known with hypothyroidism since she was 31, denying any surgery in the head and neck area. Since February 2019, presented a progressive increase in volume in the anterior neck region. On physical examination, an increase in volume was observed in right anterior region of the neck, palpating an enlarged right thyroid lobe, with a nodular appearance and not painful. In a thyroid echo-sonogram, it was concluded as a right thyroid goiter with a multinodular appearance, with the absence of the left lobe. Thyroid profile within normal limits. It is taken to the operating table, confirming the absence of the left lobe and presented in the definitive biopsy nodular hyperplasia in the right lobe. Its frequency, form of presentation, and literature review are discussed(AU)

Avaliação de bacias de detenção de águas pluviais implantadas no município de São Carlos (SP), Brasil / Assessment of rainwater detention basins located in the municipality of São Carlos (SP), Brazil

RESUMO O processo de urbanização e a impermeabilização do solo provocam alterações no balanço hídrico, gerando maior percentagem de escoamento superficial, com o aumento da frequência e da magnitude de inundações. Para mitigar esses impactos, podem ser implantadas bacias de detenção (BD) que diminuem os picos de vazão. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as BD implantadas no município de São Carlos (SP), por meio de variáveis relativas a aspectos físicos, de gestão e integração urbana (posição, isolamento, conservação, uso, enchimento/ esvaziamento, processos construtivos, manutenção, custos). Para tanto, foram realizadas visitas in loco a cada uma das 26 unidades identificadas, em momentos com e sem evento de precipitação. Também foram consultados os projetos de drenagem e foram feitas entrevistas com agentes envolvidos. Como resultado, observou-se que todas as unidades previam somente a função hidrológica, que vem sendo atendida na medida em que ocorre o enchimento e posterior esvaziamento por meio de orifício de fundo em menos de 24 horas (exceto em três casos onde somente há infiltração no solo). Não há preocupação de integração com o espaço urbano nem de se encontrarem outros usos para o espaço ocupado pelas unidades. Observou-se uma tendência de falta de manutenção frequente, com crescimento excessivo de vegetação, principalmente naquelas sob gestão pública. Os custos obtidos de implantação variaram em torno de valores mencionados na literatura. Mesmo considerando que o controle hidrológico está sendo atendido, recomendam-se melhorias quanto à manutenção, bem como uma mudança de paradigma na concepção das BD, que passe a prever usos múltiplos.

ABSTRACT The accelerated urbanization process, together with a disordered occupation of the land, causes changes in the water balance, generating a greater percentage of surface runoff and increasing the frequency and magnitude of floods. As a measure to mitigate these impacts, detention basins (DB) are implemented in the urban environment to reduce the peak flow. This study aimed to evaluate the DB built in São Carlos (SP), Brazil, through established variables related to physical as well as management and urban integration aspects (position, insulation, conservation, use, filling/emptying, construction processes, maintenance, costs). For this purpose, on-site visits were made to each of the 26 identified units, with or without precipitation events. Drainage projects were also consulted and interviews were conducted with agents involved in the issue. Results showed that all units serve only a hydrological function, through the filling and subsequent emptying of stored water by means of a bottom hole in less than 24 hours (except in three cases where there is only soil infiltration). There is no concern about integration with the urban space or about finding other uses for the space occupied by the units. There is a tendency of lack of frequent maintenance, with excessive vegetation growth, especially in units under public management. The costs of implementation vary around values mentioned in the literature (between R$ 50 and R$ 25/m3). Although hydrological control is being provided, improvements in maintenance are recommended, as well as a paradigm shift in design that allows for multiple uses for DB.

Clinical guideline for minimally invasive treatment of palmar hyperhidrosis in China (2021) / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#This guideline systematically reviewed and summarized the 20 years' clinical and basic research experience of minimally invasive treatment of palmar hyperhidrosis (PH) in China, and discussed the hot and difficult issues of minimally invasive treatment of PH. We have formed a new consensus of PH in terms of its definition, clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria and classification, surgical indications and contraindications, surgical procedures and management of complications, especially in the area of postoperative compensatory hyperhidrosis (CH). This guideline confirmed that endoscopic thoracic sympathicotomy (ETS) was the most effective treatment for PH and that CH was the most common side effect. In order to reduce the incidence of CH, eliminate patient's distress and improve patient's satisfaction, the guideline emphasized that the keys to prevent CH were to pay attention to pre-operative interview, communicate with patients, select patients carefully, avoid the enlargement of operative indication and optimize operative procedure. This guideline also introduced the advantages and disadvantages of various methods to reduce the incidence of CH. We provided this authoritative guidance document in order to avoid the surgical risk, strengthen the perioperative management and improve the sugery effect.

Modelo difuso de madurez de la Información y comunicación como apoyo al enfrentamiento a la Covid 19 / Diffuse model of Information and communication maturity for confronting Covid 19

La información y la comunicación son indispensables en momentos en que la humanidad está enfrentando un nuevo Coronavirus, SARS-Cov2, que ha ocasionado la pandemia denominada COVID-19. Este nuevo evento pone en tensión al sistema de salud de los países, así como las organizaciones de estos. El objetivo es modelar la madurez de la Información y comunicación en el enfrentamiento a la Covid 19. Se diseñó un modelo matemático difuso que tiene como base las normas del control interno relacionado con la Información y la comunicación, apoyado en la Lógica difusa compensatoria. Se tiene un modelo de madurez con seis estados para la Información y comunicación en el sistema de Salud como entidad presupuestada, basada en cuatro elementos: tecnología de la Información y comunicación, sistema de información, calidad de la información, así como responsabilidad y rendición de cuentas. Se resalta su necesidad actual en tiempos de enfrentamiento a la Covid 19(AU)

Information and communication are essential at a time when humanity is facing a new Coronavirus, SARS-Cov2, which has caused the pandemic called COVID-19. This new event puts tension in the health system of all countries, as well as their organizations. The objective is to model the maturity of Information and communication in the confrontation with Covid 19. A fuzzy mathematical model was designed based on the internal control standards related to Information and Communication, supported by the Fuzzy Compensatory Logic. There is a maturity model with six states for Information and Communication in the Health System as a budgeted entity, based on four elements: Information and Communication Technology, Information System, Quality of Information, and Responsibility and Accountability Bill. It is high lightened its current need in times of confrontation with the Covid 19(AU)

Adaptação do modelo resposta-à-intervenção para identificação de alunos com necessidades educativas especiais em escolas regulares / Adapting response-to-intervention model for identifying pupils with special educational needs in ordinary schools

Este artigo apresenta resultados parciais de um estudo longitudinal, ainda em curso, cujo propósito é desenhar, avaliar e validar um instrumento para a identificação e atendimento de alunos com Necessidades Educativas Especiais em Escolas Regulares do Ensino Primário em Moçambique, adaptado do modelo Resposta-à-Intervenção. De natureza qualitativa, o estudo teve como referencial teórico-metodológico a Pesquisa-acção, com abordagem técnica de consultoria colaborativa, que usou como instrumentos acções de indução, grupos focais e entrevistas. Participaram um director de escola, um director adjunto pedagógico e onze professores que leccionavam a 2ª classe, numa escola regular do ensino primário localizada na periferia da cidade capital de Moçambique. Os resultados sugeriram um modelo constituído por três níveis de intervenção. O primeiro nível, o de Intervenção Estrutural, é concernente a decisões que devem ser tomadas com relação a: (i) Reorganização da escola, visando dotá-la de condições que permitam o processo de identificação de alunos com Necessidades Educativas Especiais na própria sala de aula regular; (ii) Criação de ambiente de colaboração com os pais e encarregados de educação e, (iii) Identificação de recursos fora da escola. O segundo nível é o da Intervenção de Triagem de todos os alunos em sala de aula e monitorização das respostas daqueles identificados como estando em risco. O último nível concerne a Intervenção Grupal, que consiste no atendimento das necessidades educativas dos alunos identificados. Os participantes consideraram o modelo prático, acessível e viável no contexto de Moçambique.

This article presents part of the outputs of an ongoing longitudinal study, which aim is to devise, assess and validate an instrument based on the RTI (Responseto-Intervention) model, suitable for the identification and intervention on pupils with Special Educational Needs in Ordinary Primary Schools in Mozambique. The study was built under the Participatory Action-Research theoretical and under the collaborative consultancy technical approach, through induction sessions, workshops, focus groups, and interviews. The participants were a headmaster, pedagogical deputy, eleven Standard 2 Class teachers, all working at an Ordinary Primary School located on the outskirts of Maputo, the capital city. Data yielded a model consisting of three levels of intervention. The 1st level, labelled as Level of Structural Intervention, encompasses decisions that have to be taken regarding: (i) The reorganization of the school, so that it can meet the necessary conditions for the running of the process of identification; (ii) The establishment of a collaborative environment with pupils' parents or tutors, and (iii) The identification of resources outside the school. The second level of their intervention, termed Level of Universal Screening, involves selecting students at risk of having special educational needs through a combination of an academic test and the monitoring of response to general education. The third level, labelled Group Intervention, entails the handling, in small groups, of those pupils. Participants hailed the model as an easily reached and practical tool, viable for the Mozambican context.

Long term beef production in extensive cow-calf systems in the tropical savannas of eastern Colombia / Producción continua de carne en sistemas extensivos de cría en las sabanas tropicales del oriente de Colombia

ABSTRACT Replacement beef heifers in extensive systems of the neotropical savannas of Colombia are low priority animals and are assigned to native savannas and low-quality pastures, with scarcely researched long-term consequences. The study pooled data from four contemporary grazing experiments to determine the effects of low growth rates of heifers on their lifetime production of liveweight gains (LWGs) per year and per hectare (ha) subject to different management strategies. Three growth rates were imposed on grazing heifers during the growing phase (i.e. nine-36 months of age) on Brachiaria humidicola pastures. Upon the end of the previous phase, animals were allocated to a B. humidicola paddock with a reduced stocking rate or introduced to a B. decumbens sward to allow compensatory LWGs during the breeding phase (i.e. cows plus weaned calves). Severely limited heifers allowed to make compensatory growth did not reach the outputs of better fed animals. Regardless of the strategy followed, high producing years tended to be followed by lower production in the following year. Comparison with reasonably fed breeding cows full-time on well-managed B. decumbens showed important and significant differences in favor of the more intensive system over the lifetime of the animals. Over the nine-year period, the systems' beef output (i.e. weaned calves plus cows' LWGs) ranged between 86 and 206 kg/ha/year and demonstrated that a wide array of low input management alternatives is feasible. Beef output increases if the LW of cull cows is considered, particularly if they are allowed a short period of fattening during the rainy reason on a low input pasture.

RESUMEN Las novillas de reemplazo en los sistemas extensivos de cría de los Llanos Orientales de Colombia son animales de baja prioridad para el productor y generalmente se les asignan sabanas nativas o pasturas de baja calidad. Las consecuencias de dicha estrategia de manejo han sido poco investigadas. Este trabajo reunió datos de cuatro experimentos de pastoreo contemporáneos y de largo plazo para estimar el efecto de las bajas tasas de crecimiento sobre la ganancia de peso por año y por hectárea (ha) de novillas sometidas a diferentes estrategias de manejo. Se usaron tres cargas animales durante la fase de crecimiento para lograr tasas de crecimiento contrastantes entre los nueve y 36 meses de edad, con pasturas de baja calidad de Brachiaria humidicola, caracterizadas por bajo contenido de proteína bruta y baja digestibilidad. Durante la fase de cría y reproducción las novillas pasaron a pasturas de B. humidicola o de B. decumbens con cargas reducidas, para permitir ganancias de peso compensatorias. Los animales de menor ganancia durante el crecimiento no lograron ganancias compensatorias que les permitieran alcanzar a aquellos mejor alimentados. Independientemente de la estrategia de alimentación, años de relativamente alta producción fueron seguidos por años de baja producción en forma cíclica. La comparación con animales mejor alimentados con pastura de B. decumbens bien manejada, mostró diferencias considerables y significativas acumuladas durante su vida útil. A lo largo de nueve años de experimentación, la producción de ganancia de peso de vacas más terneros destetos varió entre 86 y 206 kg/ha/año, demostrando las consecuencias de largo plazo del amplio rango de estrategias de manejo experimentadas. La producción de carne en estos sistemas se puede aumentar si se le suma el peso de vacas de descarte, particularmente, si le les permite un periodo de ceba corto durante la estación lluviosa, incluso usando pasturas de calidad baja.

Diagnosis, impact and management of hyperhidrosis including endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy

@#Introduction: Hyperhidrosis is a disorder of excessive and uncontrollable sweating beyond the body’s physiological needs. It can be categorised into primary or secondary hyperhidrosis based on its aetiology. Detailed history review including onset of symptoms, laterality of disease and family history are crucial which may suggest primary hyperhidrosis. Secondary causes such as neurological diseases, endocrine disorders, haematological malignancies, neuroendocrine tumours and drugs should be adequately examined and investigated prior to deciding on further management. The diagnosis of primary hyperhidrosis should only be made only after excluding secondary causes. Hyperhidrosis is a troublesome disorder that often results in social, professional, and psychological distress in sufferers. It remains, however, a treatment dilemma among some healthcare providers in this region. Methods: The medical records and clinical outcomes of 35 patients who underwent endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy for primary hyperhidrosis from 2008 to 2018 in Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery were reviewed. Results: The mean age of the patients was 27±10.1years, with male and female distribution of 18 and 17, respectively. Fifty-one percent of patients complained of palmar hyperhidrosis, while 35% of them had concurrent palmaraxillary and 14% had palmar-plantar-axillary hyperhidrosis. Our data showed that 77% (n=27) of patients were not investigated for secondary causes of hyperhidrosis, and they were not counselled on the non-surgical therapies. All patients underwent single-staged bilateral endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy. There was resolution of symptoms in all 35 (100%) patients with palmar hyperhidrosis, 13(76%) patients with axillary hyperhidrosis and only 2 (50%) patients with plantar hyperhidrosis. Postoperatively 34.3% (n=12) of patients reported compensatory hyperhidrosis. There were no other complications such as pneumothorax, chylothorax, haemothorax and Horner’s Syndrome. Conclusion: Clinical evaluation of hyperhidrosis in local context has not been well described, which may inadvertently result in the delay of appropriate management, causing significant social and emotional embarrassment and impair the quality of life of the subjects. Detailed clinical assessment and appropriate timely treatment, be it surgical or non-surgical therapies, are crucial in managing this uncommon yet distressing disease.

Análise da implantação de reservatórios de detenção de forma que sejam minimizados os impactos causados por inundações / Implementation analysis of detention reservoirs in order to minimize the impacts caused by floods

RESUMO Por causa do avanço da ocupação urbana e consequente impermeabilização dos solos, ocorre um aumento do escoamento superficial, provocando, assim, inundações mais frequentes do que as que existiam quando a superfície era permeável. Este trabalho teve como objetivo propor o uso de reservatório de detenção como técnica compensatória de drenagem urbana. Para isso, foram simulados cenários, com e sem a implantação de reservatórios, e compararam-se os resultados hidrológicos com o cenário de pré-urbanização, também simulado. As simulações foram realizadas a partir dos modelos hidrológicos da plataforma Hydrologic Engineering Center (HEC) - Hydrologic Modeling System (HMS). Foram analisadas diferentes concepções de reservatórios e concluiu-se que aquele com dispositivos de saída instalados ao longo de sua altura fornece resultados hidrológicos favoráveis. Por último, verificou-se a capacidade dos reservatórios para períodos de retorno igual e inferiores a 100 anos, de forma que se obtenha a eficiência dos reservatórios em outros períodos de recorrência, cujos resultados com a execução de reservatórios em pontos estratégicos demonstraram que tais dispositivos reduzem significativamente as vazões de saída, e, para os períodos de retorno de 5, 20, 50 e 100 anos, foram, respectivamente, 182,56; 209,63; 233,10; e 244,61%. Portanto, o uso de reservatórios pode ser considerado positivo com relação a redução de inundações e possíveis prejuízos financeiros satisfatórios.

ABSTRACT Due to the increasing urban occupation, and subsequent sealing of the soil, there is an increase in the surface runoff, thus causing more frequent floods than those that existed when the surface was permeable. The objective of this study was to propose the use of a detention reservoir as a compensatory urban drainage technique. For this, scenarios were simulated, with and without reservoir implementation, and the hydrological results were compared with the simulated pre-urbanization scenario. The simulations were performed from the hydrological models of the HEC-HMS platform. Different conceptions of reservoirs were analyzed, and it was concluded that the reservoir with output devices installed along its height provides favorable hydrological results. Finally, the capacity of the reservoirs for return periods equal to and below 100 years was verified, in order to obtain the efficiency of the reservoirs in other periods of recurrence, whose results with the execution of reservoirs at strategic points demonstrated that such devices significantly reduce the outflows, and for the return periods of 5, 20, 50 and 100 years were respectively 182.56%, 209.63%, 233.10%, 244.61%. Therefore, the use of reservoirs can be considered positive in relation to the reduction of floods and possible financial losses.

Buccolingual Inclination of Maxillary and Mandibular First Molars in Untreated Adults: A CBCT Study

Introduction: The general feature of occlusal curvature,when viewed from the front, consists of a buccal inclinationof the maxillary molars and a lingual inclination of themandibular molars. The fourth key of Andrews six keys ofocclusion is related to the curve of Wilson, describing theposterior inclination of the crowns of the lower posterior teethas a concave curve, setting the molars with a lingual torque.The aim of this study was to measure buccolingual inclinationof maxillary and mandibular first molars in untreated sampleof pre-orthodontic patients.Material and Methods: CBCT scans from 36 untreatedsubjects (26 females and 10 males; average age, 24.6 years) withminimal dental discrepancies, no prior history of orthodontictreatment, minimal dental wear, no posterior crossbite, nocrowns or significant restorations on any first molars, absenceof remaining primary dentition, were selected. The angleswere measured between long axis of each maxillary molar to avertical reference line that was perpendicular to the horizontalreference line and between each mandibular first molar to thesame reference line.Results: The average inclination of maxillary molar was+4.98º ± 4.26º. There was no significant difference betweenthe right and left mean values. The average inclinationof mandibular molar was -13.10º ± 6.10º. There was nosignificant difference between the right and left values.Conclusion: Maxillary and mandibular molars have a naturalcurvature of their inclinations where the maxillary molarshave a slight buccal inclination and mandibular molars have aslight lingual inclination

Impact of birth weight and daily weight gain during suckling on the weight gain of weaning piglets / Impacto do peso ao nascimento e ganho de peso na maternidade sobre o ganho de peso dos leitões na creche

This study evaluated the effect of birth weight and weight gain during the suckling phase on the piglet daily weight gain during the nursery phase (21-61 days of age). Piglets (n= 534) derived from 55 first-parity sows were weighed at birth, weaning, and end of the nursery phase. The data were analyzed according to a completely randomized experimental design, with three classes of birth weight (BW) and two classes of weight gain during the suckling phase (SDWG). High BW and low SDWG piglets were 0.2kg lighter at weaning than low BW and high SDWG animals (P< 0.05). However, at the end of the nursery phase, this situation was inverted, with high BW and low SDWG piglets 2.20kg heavier (P< 0.05). Low BW and high SDWG piglets were heavier at weaning and at the end of the nursery phase than low BW and low SDWG piglets (P< 0.05). At the same time, intermediate and high BW and low and high SDWG piglets presented body weight differences at weaning (P< 0.05), but not at the end of the nursery phase (P< 0.05). Piglets with 1.25 to 2.30kg BW and low weight gain during suckling presented a partial compensatory growth during the nursery phase.(AU)

Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito do peso dos leitões ao nascimento e do seu ganho de peso na maternidade sobre seu desempenho na fase de creche (21-61 dias de idade). Quinhentos e trinta e quatro leitões, provenientes de 55 primíparas, foram pesados ao nascimento, no desmame e na saída da creche. Os animais foram distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, em três classes de peso ao nascimento (PN) e duas classes de ganho de peso diário (GPD) na maternidade. Os animais com alto PN e baixo GPD na maternidade desmamaram 0,2kg mais leves que os animais com baixo PN e alto GPD na maternidade (P<0,05). Porém, os animais com alto PN e baixo GPD na maternidade saíram da creche 2,10kg mais pesados (P<0,05). A diferença aos 21 dias entre os dois tratamentos (alto e baixo GPD) com animais de baixo PN foi de 1,18kg e passou para 2,20kg ao final da creche (P<0,05). No caso dos animais com médio e alto PN, a diferença ao desmame era de 1,14 e 1,26kg e passou para 0,90 e 0,70kg na saída da creche (P<0,05), respectivamente. Leitões com peso ao nascimento entre 1,25 e 2,30kg, com baixo ganho de peso diário na maternidade, apresentaram efeito compensatório parcial no ganho de peso diário durante a creche.(AU)

Evaluación del comportamiento productivo de pollos Cobb 500 sometidos a restricción alimenticia como estrategia sostenible de control nutricional / Evaluation of the Productive Behavior of Cobb 500 Chickens under Feeding Restrictions as a Nutritional Control Sustainable Strategy / Avaliação do comportamento produtivo de pintos Cobb 500 submetidos a restrição alimentar como estratégia sustentável de controle nutricional

Resumen Se empleó un diseño completamente al azar, distribuyendo 200 pollitos Cobb 500, con aspecto saludable, de un día de edad y peso promedio de 37.34 ± 0.44 g; en cinco grupos con cuatro réplicas de diez polluelos cada una. Durante los 42 días del experimento, las aves recibieron manejo zootécnico tradicional que incluyó dieta comercial isoproteíca (20 % proteína cruda) e isocalórica (3100 kilocaloría (kcal)/kilogramo (kg)). El día 15, la parvada recibió un programa de restricción alimenticia (PRA) según los tratamientos (T) = T0 = consumo ad libitum de alimento concentrado (AC) durante 24 horas (h), T1 = eliminación del AC durante 12 h (20:00-8:00), T2 = supresión de AC por 14 h (18:00-8:00), T3 = 16 h sin acceso a AC (16:00-8:00) y T4 = privación de AC durante 18 h (14:00 y 8:00). Después del día 30, las aves retomaron el libre consumo de AC. Se consideró la ganancia total de peso (GTP), la ganancia diaria de peso (GDP), el consumo de alimento (CA), el factor de conversión alimenticia (FCA), el rendimiento en canal (RC) y la mortalidad (M) como variables respuesta. El análisis estadístico reveló que el PRA no tuvo efecto significativo (p > 0.05) sobre los indicadores productivos evaluados en T0, T1, T2 y T3; sin embargo, el CA fue significativamente menor (p < 0.05) en T3 y T4 comparado con los demás tratamientos. Además, solamente el T4 mostró un FCA menor (p < 0.05) en comparación con los demás tratamientos. Se concluye que un PRA de 18 h durante los días 15 al 30 de edad, favorece los criterios de sostenibilidad al no impactar negativamente en la productividad de las aves.

Abstract A fully random design was used to distribute 200 Cobb 500 chickens. They were one day old, looked healthy and had an average weight of 37.34 ± 0.44 g. It consisted in five groups with four replicas having 10 chickens each. During the 42 experimental days, the birds received a traditional zootechnical management including commercial isoproteic diet (20% raw protein) and an isocaloric diet (3,100 kilocalories (kcal)/kilogram (kg)). On day 15, the herd was subject to a feeding restriction program (PRA) according to these treatments (T): T0 ad libitum consumption of concentrated food (CF) for 24 hours (h), T1 removal of the CF for 12 h (20:00-8:00), T2 removal of AC for 14 h (18:00-8:00), T3 16 h with not access to the CF (16:00-8:00), and T4 lack of AC for 18 h (14:00 y 8:00). After day 30, the birds returned to the free consumption of CF. The total weight gain (TWG), daily weight gain (DWG), food consumption (FC), dietary conversion factor (DCF), channel performance (CP), and mortality (M) were taken as response variables. The statistical analysis showed that the PRA had a significant effect on the (p >0.05) on the production indicators evaluated in T0, T1, T2 and T3. However, the CF was significantly lower (p <0.05) in T3 and T4 as compared to the other treatments. In addition, only T4 showed a lower DCF (p <0.05) as compared to the other treatments. It is concluded that a PRA of 18 hours from 15 to 30 days of age favors the sustainability criteria as it does not impact negatively the bird productivity.

Resumo O delineamento foi inteiramente aleatório, distribuindo 200 pintos Cobb 500, com aparência saudável, de um dia de idade e peso médio de 37.34 ± 0.44 g. em cinco grupos com quatro réplicas de dez pintainhos cada uma. Durante os 42 dias do experimento, as aves receberam manejo zootécnico tradicional que incluiu dieta comercial isoproteíca (20% proteína bruta) e isocalórica (3.100 quilocaloria (kcal)/quilograma (kg)). No dia 15, os filhotes receberam um programa de restrição alimentar (PRA) de acordo com os tratamentos (T): T0: consumo ad libitum de alimento concentrado (AC) durante 24 horas (h), T1: eliminação do AC durante 12 h (20:00-8:00), T2: supressão de AC por 14 h (18:00-8:00), T3: 16 h sem acesso a AC (16:00-8:00) e T4: privação de AC durante 18 h (14:00 e 8:00). Após o dia 30, as aves retomaram o consumo livre de AC. O ganho total de peso (GTP), ganho diário de peso (GDP), consumo de alimento (CA), fator de conversão alimentar (FCA), rendimento em carcaça (RC) e mortalidade (M) foram considerados como variáveis resposta. A análise estatística revelou que o PRA não teve efeito significativo (p >0.05) sobre os indicadores produtivos avaliados em T0, T1, T2 e T3; no entanto, o CA foi significativamente menor (p <0,05) em T3 e T4 comparado com os outros tratamentos. Além disso, só o T4 mostrou um FCA menor (p <0,05) em comparação com os outros tratamentos. Conclui-se que um PRA de 18 h durante os dias 15 a 30 de idade, favorece os critérios de sustentabilidade por não impactar negativamente na produtividade das aves.

Análise bioeconômica de períodos de suplementação proteico-energética na estação seca para novilhas Nelore em pastagem diferida de Urochloa decumbens / Bioeconomic analysis of protein-energy supplementation periods in dry season for Nellore heifers in stockpiled pastures of Urochloa decumbens

A suplementação proteico-energética (SPE) é uma estratégia adequada à bovinocultura de corte no período seco do ano, embora sua adoção equivocada possa comprometer seu benefício/custo. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o desempenho de novilhas Nelore em pastagem diferida de Urochloa decumbens sob dois períodos de SPE, e realizar análise econômica desses sistemas de produção. O experimento foi conduzido sob delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com 147 e 55 dias de SPE (sistemas 1 e 2, respectivamente), de 21/06 a 15/11/2016, com 16 e 20 novilhas nos sistemas 1 e 2, respectivamente. Os dados de desempenho foram analisados utilizando-se o PROC MIXED do SAS®, e as médias comparadas por PDIFF (P<0,05). Os pesos médios foram semelhantes (P>0,05) entre os sistemas de produção nas pesagens de 21/06, 12/07, 02/08, 23/08 e 15/11/2016. Os valores presentes líquidos foram positivos sob a taxa anual de desconto de 4%, sendo viáveis financeiramente. Por apresentarem taxa interna de retorno superior à taxa mínima de atratividade, os sistemas foram atrativos para investimento. Foi obtido balanço econômico positivo de R$ 25,26/animal para substituição do sistema 1 pelo sistema 2. A redução de 92 dias na SPE proporciona desempenho semelhante entre novilhas e maior eficiência econômica do sistema de produção.(AU)

Protein-energy supplementation (SPE) is an adequate strategy for beef cattle during drought season of the year, although the wrong adoption might compromise its cost/benefit ratio. The aim of this study was to evaluate Nellore heifers' performance under SPE periods and to draw economic analysis of production systems. The experiment was conducted under a completely randomized design, with two systems: 147 and 55 days of SPE (Systems 1 and 2), from 06/21/2016 to 11/15/2016, with 16 and 20 heifers to Systems 1 and 2, respectively. Performance data were analyzed by SAS® PROC MIXED and means compared by PDIFF (P< 0.05). The weight means were similar between the production systems (P> 0.05) at weighing of 06/21, 07/12, 08/02, 08/23 and 11/15/2016. The net present values were positive under annual discount rate of 4%, being financially viable. By presenting internal return rate higher than the minimum attractiveness rate, the systems were attractive for investment. Positive economic balance was obtained of R$ 25.26/animal to replace System 1 by 2. The reduction of 92 days in SPE provides similar performance between Nellore heifers and greater economic efficiency of the production system.(AU)