Clinical, Endoscopic and Pathological Characteristics of Crawling - type Early Gastric Adenocarcinoma / 胃肠病学

Background: Crawling-type gastric adenocarcinoma is a rare subtype of gastric cancer, however, the understanding on this special entity of gastric cancer is still lacking. Aims: To investigate the clinical, endoscopic and pathological characteristics of crawling-type early gastric adenocarcinoma. Methods: Patients diagnosed as crawling-type early gastric adenocarcinoma in Songjiang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2016 to December 2021 were recruited consecutively in a retrospective study. The clinical data were reviewed, the pathological specimens were collected for immunohistochemical staining, and a telephone follow-up was conducted for prognosis analysis. Results: Fourteen patients with crawling-type early gastric adenocarcinoma and fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study, of them, 9 were male, 5 were female, and the mean age was 65.9 years old. No family history of gastric cancer was reported. The clinical manifestations were not specific. All patients were positive for Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection. Tumors were more likely to occur in the middle and lower thirds of the stomach, with marked atrophic background mucosa. Macroscopically, 11 lesions were superficial-depressed (0-IIc) and 3 were superficial-flat type (0-IIb+ IIc). The color of the lesions was red. Lesions with indistinct border were observed endoscopically in 10 cases. Complete resection was achieved in all 14 patients after endoscopic submucosal dissection n=10 or surgical treatment n=4. Three submucosal and 11 intramucosal infiltration were observed pathologically. Immunohistochemical results of gastric (MUC5AC and MUC6) and intestinal (MUC2, CD10 and CDX-2) markers showed that most of the patients were mixed immunophenotype; the Ki-67 index ranged mostly between 30% and 70%. In a mean follow-up time of 38 months, all 14 patients were survived. Two patients with heterochronous early gastric cancer were found by follow-up endoscopy. Conclusions: When a superficial-depressed or superficial-flat type tumor with reddish color change and atrophic background mucosa is observed endoscopically in an Hp-positive patient, the possibility of crawling-type early gastric adenocarcinoma should be considered. Adequate preoperative evaluation should be carried out to judge the extent and depth of tumor invasion, which may guide the decision of treatment strategy. Postoperative endoscopic surveillance is recommended.

Relación entre la adquisición del gateo y la marcha independiente en el niño de alto riesgo en seguimiento / Relationship between gait acquisition and independent gait in the high-risk child in follow-up

Resumen Introducción: El gateo representa la primera forma de locomoción autónoma. Se han mencionado las implicaciones de la adquisición del gateo para lograr la marcha independiente y el control motor en el niño, pero son pocos los estudios relacionados con el gateo y sus efectos en el niño de alto riesgo biológico. Por eso se intentó conocer la relación entre la adquisición del gateo y la marcha independiente en una población de niños nacidos de alto riesgo en un programa de seguimiento pediátrico. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional, retrospectivo y descriptivo de una cohorte de niños de alto riesgo que acuden al seguimiento pediátrico, en el cual se revisó el periodo de adquisición del patrón de gateo y la marcha independiente. Resultados: Se integraron cuatro grupos: gateo normal, gateo limítrofe, gateo con retraso y gateo nulo. Se estudió a 558 lactantes; los grupos se integraron con gateo normal, 238 niños; gateo limítrofe, 96 lactantes; retraso en la adquisición del gateo, 207 niños; y gateo nulo, 17 niños. Por género, las niñas gatean mejor, con peso y edad gestacional mayores y predominio en los gateadores. La escala de Bayley señala mejores puntuaciones para los gateadores. En los niños con gateo normal, la marcha independiente se adquirió en el periodo normal a diferencia del grupo con retraso en el gateo en el cual la marcha independiente apareció con retraso. Conclusiones: En este estudio se identificó una relación entre la edad de inicio del gateo con la edad de adquisición de la marcha independiente, con mejor evolución en los niños gateadores.

Abstract Background: Crawling represents the first form of autonomous human locomotion. Much has been said about the implications that an adequate acquisition of crawling has on development in order to achieve independent gait in the short term and the child's motor control in the long term. There are few studies related to crawling and its implications in children who were high biologic risk newborns. Therefore, we wanted to know the relation between crawling acquisition and independent gait in a population of children who were high risk at birth in our Pediatric Follow up clinic. Material and Methods: An observational, retrospective, and analytical study of a cohort of children who were high risk at birth, and attended our pediatric follow-up clinic was done. The period between crawling acquisition and independent gait was reviewed. Results: 4 groups were integrated; normal crawling, borderline crawling, delayed crawling and null crawling. 558 infants were studied; the groups were integrated by: normal crawling 238 children; borderline crawling with 96 infants; delayed crawling with 207 children and null crawling with 17 children. By gender distribution, girls achieved better crawling. Weight and higher gestational age predominated in children with normal crawling. Crawlers had the best scores in the Bayley Scale. In children with normal crawling, independent gait was acquired within the normal period unlike the group with delay in crawling where independent gait was behind. Conclusions: In this study, we found a relation between the age of onset of crawling with the age of acquisition of the independent gait, with better skill in children who crawled.

Locomotion and righting behavior of sea stars: a study case on the bat star Asterina stellifera (Asterinidae) / Comportamiento de locomoción y enderezamiento en estrellas de mar: un caso de estudio sobre la estrella Asterina stellifera (Asterinidae)

Introduction: The locomotion behavior of an organism involves the integration of aspects like body symmetry, sensory and locomotor systems. Furthermore, various ecological factors seem to be related to locomotion characteristics, such as foraging strategy, migration trends, response to predators and competitors, and environmental stress. Objective: To analyze locomotion and the influence of body symmetry in the crawling and righting movements of the sea star Asterina stellifera. Methods: We carried out laboratory experiments in aquariums in the presence/absence of water current and on a horizontal and vertical surface. Results: The speed is similar to speed in other species of similar size. Both the speed and linearity of displacement were independent of individual body size. A water current leads to faster crawling and straight paths, but there is no rheotaxis: streams do not affect locomotion. Speed and linearity of displacement were independent of individual body size. The displacement pattern described here may be an adaptation of organisms that present dense populations in communities with high prey abundance, as is the case of A. stellifera. Conclusions: Like other asteroids, this species did not show an Anterior/Posterior plane of symmetry during locomotion, or righting movement: it does not tend to bilaterality.

Introducción: El comportamiento de locomoción de un organismo implica la integración de aspectos como la simetría corporal, los sistemas sensorial y locomotor. Además, varios factores ecológicos parecen estar relacionados con las características de la locomoción, como la estrategia de alimentación, las tendencias migratorias, la respuesta a los depredadores y competidores y el estrés ambiental. Objetivo: Analizar el patrón general de locomoción y la influencia de la simetría corporal en la locomoción y enderezamiento de la estrella de mar Asterina stellifera. Métodos: Realizamos experimentos de laboratorio en acuarios en presencia / ausencia de corriente de agua y en superficie horizontal y vertical. Resultados: La velocidad es similar a la velocidad en otras especies de tamaño similar. Tanto la velocidad como la linealidad del desplazamiento fueron independientes del tamaño corporal individual. Una corriente de agua conduce a una velocidad de desplazamiento mayor y a trayectorias más rectas, pero no hay reotaxis: una corriente de agua no afecta el patrón de locomoción. La velocidad y la linealidad del desplazamiento fueron independientes del tamaño corporal individual. El patrón de desplazamiento aquí descrito puede ser una adaptación de organismos que presentan densas poblaciones en comunidades con alta abundancia de presas, como es el caso de A. stellifera. Conclusiones: Al igual que otros asteroides, esta especie no mostró un plano de simetría Anterior / Posterior durante la locomoción o el movimiento de enderezamiento: no tiende a la bilateralidad.

Relación entre el tipo de alimentación de los lactantes y la edad de gateo: AMI Pediátrico: Ciudad Bolívar, Estado Bolívar / Relationship between the type of feeding of infants and the age of crawling: Pediatric AMI: Bolivar City, Bolivar State

INTRODUCCIÓN: Cuando se evalúa el desarrollo neurocognitivo de bebes alimentados exclusivamente con leche humana en relación a sucedáneos, se encuentra que el desarrollo neuroconductual de los niños alimentados exclusivamente al pecho es superior. OBJETIVO: determinar la relación existente entre el tipo de alimentación de los lactantes y la edad de gateo, en la unidad de atención médica inmediata de pacientes pediátricos del Hospital Julio Criollo Rivas. Octubre 2018 ­ febrero 2019. Ciudad Bolívar, Estado Bolívar. METODOLOGÍA: fue un estudio de campo, de corte transversal, analítico, comparativo de casos y controles no experimental, conformado por el 30% de los lactantes menores aparentemente sanos entre 5 meses y un año de edad, que consumen lactancia materna exclusiva y lactancia artificial, atendidos en la unidad de atención médica inmediata del hospital "Julio Criollo Rivas" de Ciudad Bolívar, estado Bolívar. RESULTADOS: Durante el período de estudio, fueron evaluados 200 pacientes y se obtuvo que, de 43 pacientes que recibieron lactancia materna exclusiva hasta los 6 meses, el 51,16% (n=22) adquirieron la habilidad de gateo a los 7 meses, y de 157 pacientes que tuvieron ablactación precoz sólo el 32,48% (n=51) adquirieron la habilidad de gateo a los 7 meses. CONCLUSIONES: existe influencia de la lactancia materna en la adquisición de la habilidad de gateo, observándose adquisición precoz de la misma en el grupo que recibió lactancia materna exclusiva hasta los 6 meses de edad.

INTRODUCTION: When evaluating the neurocognitive development of babies exclusively fed with human milk in relation to substitutes, it is found that the neurobehavioral development of children fed exclusively to the breast is superior. OBJECTIVE: to determine the relationship between the type of feeding of the infants and the age of crawling, in the unit of immediate medical attention of pediatric patients of the Hospital Julio Criollo Rivas. October 2018 - February 2019. Ciudad Bolívar, Bolívar State. METHODOLOGY: was a field study, cross-sectional, analytical, non-experimental comparative cases and controls, consisting of 30% of apparently healthy younger infants between 5 months and 1 year of age, who consume exclusive breastfeeding and artificial lactation, attended in the immediate medical care unit of the "Julio Criollo Rivas" hospital in Ciudad Bolívar, Bolívar state. RESULTS: it was obtained that of 43 patients who received breastfeeding exclusive until 6 months, 51.16% (n = 22), acquired the ability to crawl at 7 months, and of 157 patients who had early ablation only 32.48% (n = 51) acquired the ability to I crawl at 7 months. CONCLUSIONS: there is an influence of breastfeeding in the acquisition of the ability to crawl, observing precocious acquisition of it in the group that received exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months of age.

Design of Spatial Trajectory Crawl Training Device / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective To design a space crawl training device.This device could achieve oval movement by rotating the wheel to drive the handle of the upper limb.At the same time,the leg support is driven to rotate about 30 degrees to 0 de-grees,which can assist the user to complete the entire crawling. Methods The structure of the device was modeled using SolidWorks.Then the whole device was simulated by using SolidWorks Motion,and the dynamic analysis was completed by calculation.Finally,the main force components from SolidWorks were imported into ANSYS Workbench for static analysis. Results and Conclusion The designed space trajectory crawling training device can assist the user to complete the scheduled crawling movement,and the strength checking of the key components meets the strength requirements.

Effects of Children's Crawling-Promotion-Training-Robot on Rehabilitation of Children with Spastic Diplegia / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To observe the effects of Children's Crawling-Promotion-Training-Robot on gross motor function and cognitive function in children with spastic diplegia.Methods From January to December, 2017, 60 children with spastic diplegia were selected and randomly divided into three groups, with 20 cases in each group. All the groups received routine comprehensive rehabilitation therapy. In addition, group I received manual crawling training, group II was treated with crawler-training therapy, and group III was treated with Children's Crawling-Promotion-Training-Robot. They were treated ten minutes every day, five days a week for twelve weeks. Before and after treatment, the gross motor development, the muscle tension and cognitive function were evaluated with Gross Motor Function Measure Scale-88 (GMFM-88), modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) and developmental quotient (DQ) in Gesell Developmental Scale (GDS), respectively.Results After treatment, the overall percentage of GMFM-88 and the score of C dimension which were tightly tied to crawling and kneeling improved in all the groups (t>17.438, P<0.001), and the score was better in groups II and III than in group I (P<0.05), especially in group III (P<0.05); the score of MAS improved in all the groups (t>2.144, P<0.05), and no significant difference was found among them (F=0.199, P>0.05); the score of DQ in GDS improved in groups II and III (t>3.040, P<0.001), and the score was better in groups II and III than in group I (P<0.05), especially in group III (P<0.05).Conclusion Children's Crawling-Promotion-Training-Robot could improve the gross motor and cognitive function of children with spastic diplegia, which is better than manual crawling training and crawler-training.

Kinematics and Surface Electromyography of Upper Limbs in Motor-delayed Children and Normal Children in Crawling Stage / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective To detect kinematics and surface electromyography (sEMG) of upper limbs in normal children and motor-delayed children for clinical assessment. Methods From December, 2015 to June, 2016, twelve healthy children and thirteen children with motor de-velopmental delay less than two years old were analyzed kinematics with Motion Analysis system and sEMG. Results The angle of motion of right shoulder was more in the motor-delayed children than in the normal children (t=2.576, P<0.05). The difference of root mean square values of bilateral triceps brachii was more in the motor-delayed children than in the normal ones (t=2.448, P<0.05). Conclusion Detecting kinematics and sEMG may supply information for early personalized treatment strategy.

Relación entre madurez neuropsicológica y presencia-ausencia de la conducta de gateo / Neuropsychological relationship between maturity and presence-absence of crawling behavior

Resumen La madurez neuropsicológica es el nivel de organización y desarrollo madurativo que permite el desenvolvimiento de funciones conductuales y cognitivas acordes a la edad del individuo. La conducta de gateo es el primer movimiento armónico en el cual el bebé hace uso de su cabeza y de sus extremidades. Dicha conducta permite el establecimiento de conexiones entre los hemisferios cerebrales que dan lugar a la intercomunicación que simplifica el trabajo del cerebro y favorece la maduración de las funciones cognitivas. El objetivo de esta investigación fue comparar la madurez neuropsicológica en niños de 5 y 6 años de edad que presentaron la conducta de gateo con niños que no la presentaron. La muestra estuvo conformada por 50 estudiantes de colegios privados. Fue un estudio cuantitativo con un diseño transversal-descriptivo-comparativo, en el que se usó la historia clínica y el cuestionario para padres de la batería de Evaluación Neuropsicológica Infantil (ENI) de Matute, Rosselli, Ardila y Ostrosky (2007) y del Cuestionario de Madurez Neuropsicológica Infantil (CUMANIN). Se concluyó, a través de los estadísticos aplicados de Shapiro Wilcoxon, al comparar las puntuaciones de los 2 grupos, que la escala de psicomotricidad, posiblemente, depende del gateo. Con respecto al rendimiento, al comparar los 2 grupos con el estadístico Chi-cuadrada, se evidenciaron mejores resultados en 9 escalas del grupo formado por los que presentaron la conducta de gateo.

Neuropsychological maturity is the level of organization and maturational development that allows the development of behavioral and cognitive age-appropriate individual functions, crawling behavior is the first harmonic motion in which the baby uses his head and his both lower extremities as superior, to support and move, it allows the establishment of connections between brain hemispheres, leading to the intercom that simplifies the work of the brain and promotes the maturation of the cognitive functions of the infant, the objective of this research was compare neuropsychological maturity in children 5 and 6 years of age who presented behavior crawling with those who had not, the sample consisted of 50 students from private schools in central Colombia. It was a quantitative study with a comparative-descriptive cross-sectional design, in which the history and the parent questionnaire battery neuropsychological evaluation Infantil (ENI) developed by Matute, Rosselli, Ardila y Ostrosky (2007) and was used Maturity Questionnaire Neuropsychological Children (CUMANIN). First, he made the selected sample, the instruments are applied, and the results were analyzed and finally publicly sustained research. It was concluded through statistical Wilcoxon Shapiro applied to compare the scores of the two groups possibly psychomotor scale depends on crawling; regarding the performance when comparing the 2 groups with the Chi-square statistic best results are evidenced in nine scales the group presented crawling behavior with respect to the group that did not crawl.

Effect of Crawling Exercise and Bilateral Electrical Stimulation on Upper Limbs Motor after Stroke / 中国康复理论与实践

@# Objective To observe the effect of crawling exercise and bilateral electrical stimulation on the upper limb motor after stroke. Methods 60 stroke patients were divided into experimental group (n=30) and control group (n=30). Both groups received routine therapy. The control group received unilateral electrical stimulation on the upper limbs, and the experimental group received electrical stimulation on bilateral upper limbs and crawling exercise. All the patients were assessed with the modified Ashworth scale (MAS), the Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA) and the modified Barthel index (MBI) before and after treatment. Results After 8 weeks of treatment, the scores of MAS, FMA and MBI improved in both groups (P<0.05), and improved more in the experimental group than in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion The crawling exercise and bilateral electrical stimulation can improve the motor of upper limbs and activities of daily living more effectively than the unilateral electrical stimulation after stroke.

Relaciones con el inicio de la marcha, gateo, uso de andadores y accidentes / Accidents in relation to walking, crawling and baby walkers

Con el objeto de verificar la hipótesis que los niños que utilizan andadores sufren un retraso en el inicio de la marcha y que el gateo contribuye al desarrollo de la misma, se realizó un estudio prospectivo de casos y controles aplicando una encuesta a los padres de niños que acudieron a la consulta externa de pediatría de la Caja Petrolera de Salud. Se verificaron los hallazgos reportados mediante la exploración física, cuando existió alguna duda sobre las respuestas. Entre agosto y noviembre del 2003 Se incluyeron 301 niños en el estudio entre los 14 y 24 meses de edad. Se consideraron casos a los niños que sufrieron retraso (falta de inicio de la marcha a los 17 meses cumplidos) y controles a los que caminaron antes de este tiempo. Correlacionándose los grupos con la exposición a la utilización de andador y la capacidad de gatear. Por otra parte se correlacionó la utilización del andador con la ocurrencia de accidentes. Se encontró una relación entre el uso del andador y retraso en el inicio de la marcha OR 3.5 IC (1.82 - 6.72).P 0.0000977, se pudo verificar que el gateo tiene un efecto protector contra retraso en el inicio de la marcha. OR 0.48 IC (0.28-0.83). P 0.00496. Un hallazgo importante fue la alta frecuencia del uso de andador en nuestro medio, en la cuarta parte de los casos la utilización fue recomendada por un médico. Más de la mitad de los niños que utilizaron un andador sufrieron un accidente relacionado con el aparato. Encontramos una probabilidad 23 veces mayor de sufrir un accidente al usar andador. OR 24.03 IC (10.77 - 54.99). P0.00000 Se analizaron los datos en el sistema informático Excel y se efectuaron los cálculos de OR e intervalo de confianza en Epiinfo 6.0 (1).

In order to verify the hypothesis that the use of walkers cause delay in the time that walk occurs, and crawling has a positive effect in the onset of walking. We perform a case and controls prospective study. Parents were interview applying a form based in the Denver II development scale at the pediatric out patient office in Caja Petrolera de Salud La Paz Bolivia. The findings were checked with physical exam when the answers were in doubt. The study was carried out between August and November 2003. 301 patients where include between 14 and 24 months of age. We considered cases: Children delayed in the onset of walking at 17 month of age. And controls: The group that walked before this time. These results where correlated to the use of walkers and crawling. The use of walkers was correlated as well to the occurrence of accidents. We found a relationship between the use of walkers and the delay of onset of walking OR 3.5 IC (1.82 - 6.72) P 0.0000977. A protective effect against the delay of walking when the baby crawls was found. OR 0.48 IC (0.28-0.83). P 0.00496. And important finding was a high frequency in the use of walkers. The use in one fourth of the cases was indicated by a physician. More than half of the cases of the children using walkers where involved in accidents. We found a 23 fold probability of suffer an accident when the children uses a Walter. OR 24.03 IC (10.77 - 54.99). The data where analyzed in the Excel informatics system. The OR and the confidence intervals where calculate using Epiinfo 6.0 (1).

Effect of crawling exercise with wrist-hand orthosis in upper limb after stroke / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective To study the effect of crawling exercise with wrist-hand orthosis on the upper limb af- ter stroke.Methods Forty-two stroke patients were divided randomly into an experimental group (n=21) and a control group (n=21).Both groups received routine therapy.Meanwhile the experimental group received crawling exercise with wrist-hand orthosis on the affected upper limb for 60 min once daily,5 days a week for 8 weeks.All the subjects were assessed by using the FMA test,the Ashworth scale and the Barthel index before and after treatment. Results There was no different between the two groups in the three tests before the treatment.After 6 weeks of treat- ment,significant different was found between the two groups with regard to the results of all the tests,with the experi- mental group better than the control group.Conclusion The crawling exercise with wrist-hand orthosis on is more effective than the routine therapy for the function of the upper limb in stroke patients.