RESUMEN
CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T) therapy is a new immunotherapy for B-cell hematological tumors, and has good efficacy. With the increase of its use, the incidence of immune effector cell-associated cytokine release syndrome is increasing, and further clinical research on its precise mechanism and treatment is urgently needed. This review summarizes the mechanisms, clinical manifestations, grading systems, treatments and management strategies of cytokine release syndrome.
RESUMEN
gp130-mediated signaling is involved in both chondrogenesis and osteogenesis, but its direct role in the formation of embryonic Meckel's cartilage and associated mandibular development has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we examined the influence of gp130 ablation on the developing mandibular Meckel's cartilage by evaluating the morphological and histological changes as well as the gene expression patterns in developing embryonic gp130-/- mice. The ablation of the gp130 gene showed no change in region-specific collagen mRNA expression except for a slight delay in its expression but caused shortened embryonic Meckel's cartilage, delayed hypertrophic chondrocyte maturation and subsequent bony replacement with characteristic bending of the intramandibular Meckel's cartilage. The bending of Meckel's cartilage led to a narrow mandibular arch at the rostral area with poor cortical plate formation. These findings indicate that gp130-mediated signaling is important for the normal morphogenesis of Meckel's cartilage and subsequent mandibular development.