Severity of loneliness and factors associated with social and emotional loneliness among the elderly in three districts in Shanghai / 复旦学报（医学版）

Objective To explore the severity of loneliness among the elderly in communities in Shanghai,and to identify factors associated with social and emotional loneliness respectively.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in older adults aged 65 years or above in Pudong New Area,Jing'an District and Huangpu District in Shanghai from Mar to Jun 2021.In Pudong New Area,multi-stage stratified random sampling was conducted based on the age and gender distribution of Shanghai,while in Huangpu District and Jing'an District convenience sampling was conducted.A total of 635 samples were included in the study.Loneliness was assessed using the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale with social and emotional loneliness subscales.Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with social and emotional loneliness.Results Among the 635 participants,only 53 older adults(8.4%)were not lonely.Female(OR=0.46,95%CI:0.31-0.70),higher self-efficacy(OR=0.97,95%CI:0.94-1.00),more objective social support(OR=0.96,95%CI:0.93-0.99)were associated with less severe social loneliness.Meanwhile,higher level of education(secondary education,OR=0.56,95%CI:0.34-0.95;college or above,OR=0.30,95%CI:0.11-0.83)and higher self-efficacy(OR=0.96,95%CI:0.93-0.99)were associated with less severe emotional loneliness,while depression(OR=3.41,95%CI:1.76-6.60)and worse social capital(OR=2.02,95%CI:1.29-3.16)were associated with more severe emotional loneliness.Conclusion Up to 91.6%of the elderly in our study sample were moderately lonely or above.The factors associated with social loneliness include self-efficacy,gender and social support.The factors associated with emotional loneliness are self-efficacy,education level,depression,and social capital.

Aumento del uso de Instagram® y su relación con la Soledad Percibida, en contexto de pandemia COVID19 / Increase in the use of Instagram® and its relationship with perceived loneliness, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue indagar si existen relaciones significativas entre la Soledad Social y Emocional en 311 adultos-jóvenes según el uso de Instagram en contexto de ASPO por Covid-19. Se establecieron comparaciones conforme a los datos sociodemográficos edad, género, nivel educativo, condición laboral, lugar de residencia, estado civil y cantidad de sujetos con los que convive además de otras preguntas sobre el uso de la red. Los instrumentos utilizados para la recolección de datos fueron un cuestionario ad hoc y la escala para la Evaluación de la Soledad Social y Emocional en Adultos SESLA-S (Di Tommaso et al, 1993), adaptación de Yaben (2008). Se halló una relación negativa estadísticamente significativa entre la cantidad de horas que dedican los usuarios a Instagram y la soledad romántica (p>0.05). Otro hallazgo de interés fue que los sujetos casados o en pareja presentan más soledad social familiar y romántica que el resto(AU)

The objective of this research was to investigate if there are significant relationships between Social and Emotional Loneliness in 311 young adults according to the use of Instagram in the context of ASPO by Covid-19. Comparisons were made according to the sociodemographic data: age, gender, educational level, employment condition, place of residence, marital status and number of subjects with whom they live, as well as other questions about the use of the network. The instruments used for data collection were an ad hoc questionnaire and the scale for the Evaluation of Social and Emotional Loneliness in adults SESLA-S (Di Tommaso et al, 1993), adapted from Yaben (2008). A statistically significant and negative relationship was found between the number of hours users spend on Instagram and romantic loneliness (p> 0.05). Another interesting finding was that the married or couple subjects present more family and romantic social loneliness than the rest(AU)

The Relationship between College Student's Internet Use and Loneliness / 中国临床心理学杂志

Objective:To explore the relationship between loneliness and internet use.Methods:160 college students were surveyed by UCLA Loneliness Scale, Emotional and Social Loneliness Scale and Scale of Internet Use, and the correlations among them were analyzed. Results: The average time spent on the internet was 10 hours per week, and there was a significant relationship between the time spent on internet and loneliness. Emotional Loneliness (EL) was higher than Social Loneliness (SL). Conclusion: The use of internet enhances loneliness. EL is easierly influenced by the use of internet than SL.