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Purpose: To document the spectrum of eye diseases in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) reporting to large eye care facilities in India. Methods: The selection of eye care facilities was based on the zone of the country and robustness of the programs. Only people with known T2DM certified by internist, or taking antidiabetes medications, or referred for diabetes related eye diseases were recruited. The analysis included the demographic characteristics, systemic associations, ocular comorbidities, and visual status. Results: People (11,182) with T2DM were recruited in 14 eye care facilities (3 in north, 2 in south central, 4 in south, 2 in west, and 3 in east zone); two were government and 12 were non-government facilities. Hypertension was the commonest systemic association (n = 5500; 49.2%). Diabetic retinopathy (n = 3611; 32.3%) and lens opacities (n = 6407; 57.3%) were the common ocular disorders. One-fifth of eyes (n = 2077; 20.4%) were pseudophakic; 547 (5.4%) eyes had glaucoma and 277 (2.5%) eyes had retinal vascular occlusion. At presentation, 4.5% (n = 502) were blind (visual acuity <3/60 in the better eye) and 9.6% (n = 1077) had moderate to severe visual impairment (visual acuity <6/18-->3/60 in the better eye). Conclusion: People with T2DM presenting at eye clinics in India have high rates of diabetic retinopathy and vision loss. Cataract is a very common occurrence. Advocacy, infrastructure strengthening, and human resource development are the key to address the growing threats of T2DM and eye care in India.
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Les yeux constituent un organe important dans la mise en oeuvre des activités professionnelles et extraprofessionnelles. Dans le cadre d'une entreprise de télécommunication, il a été constaté une augmentation croissante des problèmes oculaires d'années en années.L'objectif de l'étudeétaitde décrire l'épidémiologiedes affections oculaires en fonction de l'exposition à l'écranchez lestravailleurs d'une entreprise de Télécommunication au Togo. Il s'agissait d'une étude transversale. Une analyse descriptive a été faite en fonction de l'exposition au travail sur écran.Sur les 766 participants inclus, 599 étaient des hommes (78,20%).La prévalence des affections oculaires était très élevée indépendamment de l'exposition au travail sur écran en dehors des conjonctivites.Les principales affections oculaires étaient représentées par: une proportion significativement faible de cas d'amétropie (81% vs 97%) et de cataracte (6% vs 13%) chez les travailleurs exposés par rapport à ceux non exposés à l'exception des conjonctivites (32% vs 23%) qui étaient significativement plus fréquentes chez les exposés au travail sur écran de visualisation que les non exposés. L'âge influençait significativement la survenue de ces pathologies à l'exception des conjonctivites.Les facteurs tels que l'âge et les antécédents médicaux et professionnels des travailleurs devront être pris en compte dans le suivi de l'état oculaire des travailleurs.
The eyes are an important organ in the performance of professional and extra-professional activities. In the context of a telecommunications company, eye problems increase from year to year. The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiology of eye diseases as a function of screen exposure among workers in a telecommunications company in Togo. This was a cross- sectional study. A descriptive analysis was done based on the exposure to screen-based work. Of the 766 participants included, 599 were male (78.20%). The prevalence of eye diseases was very high regardless of exposure to screen-based work outside conjunctivitis. The main ocular disorders were represented by: a significantly low proportion of cases of ametropia (81% vs 97%) and cataracts (6% vs 13%) in exposed workers compared to unexposed workers, with the exception of conjunctivitis (32% vs 23%) which were significantly more frequent in occupational exposures on visual display screens than unexposed workers. Age significantly influenced the occurrence of these pathologies with the exception of conjunctivitis. Factors such as the age and medical and occupational history of workers should be taken into account when monitoring the ocular status of workers.
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Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , OftalmopatíasRESUMEN
AIM:To determine the pattern and prevalence of ocular disorders among artisans with a view to make recommendations to the appropriate ministries for the formulation of necessary policies to preserve the ocular health status of these artisans.METHODS:This was a descriptive cross sectional study in which the sample population was selected using the proportion to size technique and simple random sampling.RESULTS:There was a high prevalence of degenerative conjunctival disorders among the artisans with pingueculum topping the list at 30.1％.Automobile mechanics had the highest prevalence for conjunctival disorders,corneal opacities,and allergic conjunctivitis.Superficial foreign bodies (74.4％) were the most common work related injury observed while 13.6％ of the artisans developed cataract from work related injuries.CONCLUSION:Governmental policies targeted at preserving and maintaining the ocular health of the artisans is needed to reduce the prevalence of ocular disorders noted in this study.
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AIM: To ascertain the types and frequencies of congenital eye and adnexial disorders seen at two tertiary health facilities in Abakaliki,Nigeria. METHODS: A retrospective review of the case records of new patients with congenital eye disorders who were a year old or less and presented to the eye clinics of both tertiary institutions between May 2001 and April 2008 was done. Collected data were analysed for age and sex of the patients,types,frequencies,ocular and systemic associations of the disorders using simple statistical METHODS: .RESULTS: There were a total of 199 children with ocular pathologies recorded within the study period. Of these,50 (25.1%) children had congenital disorders. There were 27 (54%) males and 23 (46%) females. Thirty two (64%) children were less than 6 months of age. The commonest disorders were nasolacrimal duct obstruction 10(20%),congenital ptosis 7(14%),dermoid cyst 5(10%),buphthalmos 4(8%) and congenital cataract 3(6%). All these may cause avoidable childhood blindness. The least common pathologies included albinism 1(2%),anophthalmos 1(2%),retinoblastoma 2(4%) and optic atrophy 2(4%). These may cause irreversible blindness and poor vision.CONCLUSION: Although congenital eye disorders are not common,they are potential causes of childhood blindness and low vision. Early childhood screening is advocated to enable early detection and prompt intervention.