El examen analítico y su importancia clínica método de análisis gráfico / The analytic exam and its clinical importance graphic analysis method

Los métodos Analíticos determinan la exactitud de la refracción, la relación de la acomodación –convergencia y establece los limites de la Zona de visión clara, sencilla y binocular. La zona de confort o zona de trabajo se ve afectada por las siguientes categorías: Disminución de la visión: como son los defectos refractivos y funcionales (hipermetropía, miopía, astigmatismo, ambliopía, estrabismo). Fatiga Visual: alteraciones de la relación de acomodación convergencia, y disminución de la amplitud de fusión de acomodación, llevando consigo dificultad de atención y concentración en el trabajo debido a la fatiga visual que se presenta. Infantes con problemas de aprendizaje y falencias en lecto-escritua. Padres y docentes que remiten a los niños en edad escolar para tratamientos psicológicos sin preveer que el rendimiento académico del el niño, no está asociado a factores relacionados con su personalidad y relación con su entorno, si no que por el contrario su bajo nivel de aprendizaje es consecuencia de su incorfort visual. Procesos pre y post Quirúrgicos de Cirugia Refractiva. Es normal encontrar en el motivo de consulta de estos pacientes el inconfort visual para lejos y cerca, reportando emborronamiento, visión doble, exagerada molestia a la luz, ardor, afectando su zona de trabajo de vision clara, sencilla y binocular.El examen Analítico comprende tres puntos esenciales, examen Refractivo, examen Gráfico y disposición. Por medio del Análisis Gráfico, se demuestra clínicamente el estado de la visión binocular, en la cual se estudia la zona de trabajo identificando que exista, visión clara, simple y confortable.

The analytical methods determine the accuracy ofrefraction, relation accommodation-convergenceand establish the limits of the clear, simple andbinocular vision zone. The comfort zone or workingzone is affected by the following categories: visiondecrease is caused by refractive and functionaldefects (hypermetropia, myopia, astigmatism,amblyopia, and strabismus). Visual fatigue is causedby alterations in the relation accommodationconvergenceand decrease in the amplitude ofaccommodation fusion causing difficulty inattention and concentration in work. Children withlearning problems and reading and writing mistakes:Parents and teachers send school age children topsychological treatments without thinking thatthe academic performance is not associated topersonality aspects and environmental relations,but, on the contrary, their learning low level is aconsequence of their visual discomfort. Pre and postsurgical processes of refractive surgery: in patientsconsultation is normal to find visual discomfort forfar and near vision, blurred vision, double vision,exaggerated discomfort to light, ardor, which affecttheir working clear, simple and binocular visionzone. The analytical exam includes three essentialpoints: refractive examination, graphic examinationand disposition. The graphic analysis clinicallyshows the state of binocular vision, where theworking zone is studied, and identifies the existenceof clear, simple and comfortable vision.

Um método para investigar a consciência: do intrapsicológico ao interpsicológico / A Method for Investigating the Conscience: from the intrapsychological to the interpsychological

O texto apresenta reflexões sobre a base teórica e a prática da técnica de investigação de conteúdos, processos e mediações presentes na constituição da consciência humana elaborada pela professora Sílvia Tatiana Maurer Lane, denominada de Análise Gráfica do Discurso. Para tanto, apresentamos algumas reflexões sobre os seus fundamentos epistemológicos, teóricos e metodológicos a partir das publicações, aulas e das orientações recebidas da professora Sílvia Lane. Nestas privilegiamos as contribuições da Teoria Psicológica Laneana e da Teoria Psicológica Sócio-histórica, bem como tentamos demonstrar como proceder a utilização da técnica.

This paper presents some thoughts on Sílvia Lanes Graphic Discourse Analysis, discussing the theoretical bases and the technique of content investigation, processes and mediations present in the constitution of human consciousness. For this, we present some reflections on its epistemological, theoretical and methodological fundamentals from Sílvia Lane's publications, seminars and advisory sessions, highlighting Lanean Psychological Theory and Social-Historical Psychological Theory, as well as demonstrating how to proceed in using the technique.

Modified rat model of subarachnoid hemorrhage / 中国药理学通报

Aim To develop a modified model of subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats. Motheds The SAH model was induced by injecting autologous blood into the cisterna magna without exposing the occipitoaxial ligament.The main modified point was a hole bored by a dental drill at the middle point of the boundary between the parietal bone and the occipital bone,then a catheter was inserted 8 mm to cisterna magna and the autologous blood was injected . Hemorrheological parameters were measured after the model was created.The intrinsic oversxidase method was used to show the microvessel of CA_1 region. The diameter, density ,and the aera of microvessel were measured and ananlyzed by Image-Pro Plus image analysis system. Results The total blood viscosity(?b) and erythroagglutation index(AL) in SAH model group increased significantly,however,the microvesse area and microvesse density in SAH model group decreased obviously. Conclusion The modified model of subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats is reliable and easy to operate on.

Effect of GM_1 on rCBF and microvessel after cerebral vasospasm in rats / 临床神经病学杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of GM 1 on vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage.Methods Twenty-five wistar rats receiving intracisternal injection of 0.15 ml autologous nonheparinized blood or 0.15 ml saline two times were divided into five groups as follows: control group, cerebral vasospasm (CVS) group, Nimodipine group, GM 1 therapy group and GM 1 prevent group. The cortical regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was measured by hydrogenate clearance method at 0, 0.5, 1, 3 and 6h respectively. After perfusion and fixation, capillary vessels in temporal lobe cortex were labeled with anti-factor Ⅷ and observed by microvascular graphic analysis. Results (1) Compared with control group, rCBFs in CVS group, Nimodipine group and GM 1 therapy group were apparently decreased after second intracisternal blood injection (all P