Reconstrucción por técnica de Chevron reverso y transferencia tendinosa con técnica no convencional en Hallux Varus Iatrogénico Severo / Reconstruction by reverse Chevron technique and tendon transfer with unconventional technique in severe iatrogenic Hallux Varus

El Hallux Varus Iatrogénico es una complicación de la cirugía correctiva del Hallux Valgus muy poco frecuente. El tratamiento incluye la intervención de los tejidos blandos, y óseos. El propósito de este trabajo es mostrar los resultados clínico-radiológicos del tratamiento quirúrgico del Hallux Varus Iatrogénico Flexible Severo empleando la combinación de técnicas de reconstrucción alternativas en una paciente femenina de 59 años de edad. Se realizó liberación medial de la capsula articular MTF y abductor, osteotomía de Chevron reverso, artrodesis interfalángica izquierda, transferencia tendinosa del extensor largo de Hallux hacia plantar con botón artesanal. De acuerdo a la Escala AOFAS aumentó de 30 a 90 puntos. Se logró la corrección estable de la deformidad en varo y la consolidación de la osteotomía. El Hallux Varus Iatrogénico es una complicación poco frecuente considerada una deformidad mal tolerada, con pocos casos reportados y pocos reportes. Se debe hacer un enfoque de tratamiento paso a paso para abordar todos los elementos involucrados en el Hallux Varus iatrogénico. La corrección quirúrgica del Hallux Varus iatrogénico severo con técnicas de reconstrucción no convencionales tipo Chevron reverso y transferencia tendinosa con botón plantar, es una excelente opción terapéutica de acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos en este caso(AU)

Iatrogenic Hallux Varus is a very rare complication of Hallux Valgus corrective surgery. The treatment includes the intervention of soft tissues and bones. The purpose of this paper is to show the clinical-radiological results of the surgical treatment of Severe Flexible Iatrogenic Hallux Varus using the combination of alternative reconstruction techniques in a 59-year-old female patient. Medial release of the MTF and abductor joint capsule, reverse Chevron osteotomy, left interphalangeal arthrodesis, tendon transfer of the long extensor of Hallux to plantar with artisanal button was performed. According to the AOFAS Scale, it increased from 30 to 90 points. Stable correction of the varus deformity and consolidation of the osteotomy were achieved. Iatrogenic Hallux Varus is a rare complication considered a poorly tolerated deformity, with few reported cases and few reports. A step-by-step treatment approach must be taken to address all the elements involved in iatrogenic Hallux Varus. Surgical correction of severe iatrogenic Hallux Varus with unconventional reconstruction techniques such as reverse Chevron and plantar button tendon transfer is an excellent therapeutic option according to the results obtained in this case(AU)

Hallux varo. Caso clínico / Halluxvarus. Clinical case / Halluxvarus. Caso clínico

RESUMEN Introducción: hallux varo congénito es una deformidad rara, que puede estar asociada a otras deformidades. Caso clínico: paciente masculino, de 18 años de edad. Acude a consulta por presentar deformidad del pie e imposibilidad para caminar y usar calzado. Al examen físico se observa angulación medial del primer dedo del pie a nivel de la articulación metatarsofalángica y deformidad en varo de 90 grados. Se indicó rayos X del pie derecho anteposterior. Discusión: la radiografía mostró angulación en varo de la articulación metatarsofalángica derecha. El tratamiento de la deformidad es por corrección quirúrgica, y varias técnicas han sido descritas. Conclusión: se plantea Halluxvarus congénito primario del pie derecho como diagnóstico. El tratamiento de la deformidad fue quirurgico con técnina de Framer, la cual resultó ser efectiva.

ABSTRACT Introduction: congenital Hallux varus is a rare deformity that may be associated with other deformities. Clinical case: male patient, 18 years old. He goes to the consultation for presenting a foot deformity and inability to walk and wear shoes. Physical examination revealed medial angulation of the first toe at the level of the metatarsophalangeal joint and a 90-degree varus deformity. An X-ray of the anteposterior right foot was indicated. Discussion: X-ray showed varus angulation of the right metatarsophalangeal joint. Treatment of the deformity is by surgical correction, and several techniques have been described. Conclusion: primary congenital Hallux varus of the right foot is considered as a diagnosis. The deformity treatment was surgical with Framer's technique, which turned out to be effective.

RESUMO Introdução: hálux varo congênito é uma deformidade rara que pode estar associada a outras deformidades. Caso clínico: paciente masculino, 18 anos. Ele vai à consulta por apresentar deformidade no pé e incapacidade de andar e usar sapatos. O exame físico revelou angulação medial do primeiro dedo do pé ao nível da articulação metatarsofalangiana e uma deformidade em varo de 90 graus. Foi indicada radiografia do pé direito anterior. Discussão: a radiografia mostrou angulação em varo da articulação metatarsofalangiana direita. O tratamento da deformidade é por correção cirúrgica, e várias técnicas foram descritas. Conclusão: o Hálux varo congênito primário do pé direito é considerado diagnóstico. O tratamento da deformidade foi cirúrgico com a técnica de Framer, que se mostrou eficaz.

Reconstruction of Secondary Type Congenital Hallux Varus with Modification of the Farmer Technique for Cover of Skin Defect: Report of Three Cases

@#The reconstruction of hallux varus deformity involves the release of contracted medial structure and realignment of the phalange, leaving a significant skin defect which requires cover. Farmer described proximal based rotational skin flap from the first web space to cover the defect. This technique may compromise the circulation to the flap and risk to the lateral digital vessels. We modified his technique to address these issues. We report a successful reconstruction using the Farmer’s technique on one patient and a modified technique on three patients. We used the excess skin from the extra digit to cover the medial defect. We found this modified technique of skin cover safe without risk of injuring the neurovascular bundle. There was no recurrence of deformity at last foolow-up. All patients were able to wear normal shoes.

Minimally invasive therapy for hallux valgus with deformity of little toe varus / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore clinical effect of minimally corrective osteotomy for the treatment of hallux valgus with deformity of little toe varus through small incision.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 2013 to June 2016, 168 hallux valgus patients with deformity of little toe varus were treated by minimally corrective osteotomy through small incision. Among them, 7 males and 161 females were aged from 22 to 75 years old with an average of(59.3±3.5) years old. Preoperative clinical manifestation mainly focus on red and swollen of bunion, pain around with metatarsal bones, and diagnosed as hallux valgus with deformity of little toe varus through small incision. Operative time, postoperative complications, pre and post-operative IMA(angle between the first and the second metatarsal bones), HVA (hallux valgus angle), LDA(valgus angle of the fifth metatarsal bones), MPA(valgus angle of little toe), IM4-5 (angle between the forth and the fifth metatarsal bones) and PASA(fixed angle of proximal joint), postoperative AOFAS score were used to evaluate foot function.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>One hundred and sixty-eight patients were followed up for 6 to 48 months with an average of (28.6±3.2) months. All wounds were healed well without infection, sinus tract and other complications. Operative time ranged from 16 to 28 min with an average of (18.3±2.1) min. IMA, HVA, LDA, MPA and IM A 4-5 were (10.1±2.1)°, (32.6±4.2)°, (6.9±2.3)°, (18.5±5.2)°, (15.1±2.9)°preoperatively, improved to (8.3±2.2)°, (10.9±2.9)°, (2.7±0.4)°, (6.5±1.6)°, (8.9±1.8)° postoperatively, and had significant differences before and after operation. While there was no difference in PASA before (9.1±2.1)°and after operation(8.7±1.9)°. AOFAS score were improved from (31.6±3.9) before operation to(83.7±5.2) after operation, but no significant difference(>0.05). According to AOFAS score, 147 patients obtained excellent results, 13 good, 6 moderate and 2 poor.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Minimally corrective osteotomy for the treatment of hallux valgus with deformity of little toe varus through small incision could obtain satisfied clinical effect, and has advantages of small incision, no stitches, beautiful appearance, shorter operation time, and rapid recovery. It is worth popularization in clinical practise.</p>

Severe Hallux Varus; an Uncommon Deformity —A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Hallux varus is relatively uncommon and few cases have been reported in the orthopedic literature. In this article, we report the case of a 63 years old, female patient with severe hallux varus deformity, associated with deformity of other toes. Here we describe the case report of hallux varus managed by surgical intervention at our tertiary care hospital in Mumbai, India.

Bilateral proximal delta phalanges of hand: a rare case report with review of literature.

Delta phalanx or longitudinal bracketed epiphysis is a rare congenital anomaly that affects phalanges in the hand more commonly than toes. It results from a defective secondary ossification that extends longitudinally along the diaphysis and brackets the diaphysis and metaphysis, causing restricted longitudinal growth and resultant angular deformities. Although rare, longitudinal epiphyseal bracket most commonly manifests in the hands as clinodactyly and in the feet as hallux varus. We report a case of 18 year old male patient with isolated bilateral multiple proximal delta phalanges of hand. Keywords:

Surgical Treatment of Congenital Hallux Varus

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to report outcomes of congenital hallux varus deformity after surgical treatment. METHODS: We evaluated ten feet of eight patients with a congenital hallux varus deformity, including four feet combined with a longitudinal epiphyseal bracket (LEB). There were seven male patients and one female patient with a mean age of 33 months (range, 7 to 103 months) at the time of surgery. Two patients were bilaterally involved. The mean duration of follow-up was 5.9 years (range, 2.3 to 13.8 years). Clinical outcomes were assessed according to the criteria of Phelps and Grogan. Surgical procedures included the Farmer procedure, the McElvenny procedure or an osteotomy at the first metatarsal or proximal phalanx. RESULTS: The clinical results were excellent in two feet, good in six and poor in two feet. The LEB was associated with hallux varus in four feet and were treated by osteotomy alone or in conjunction with soft tissue procedure. CONCLUSIONS: Congenital hallux varus was successfully corrected by surgery with overall favorable outcome. Preoperatively, a LEB should be considered as a possible cause of the deformity in order to prevent recurrent or residual varus after surgery.

Patient Characteristics and Treatment of Hallux Polydactyly Associated with Varus Deformity / 대한정형외과학회잡지

PURPOSE: To evaluate patient characteristics such as deformity type, associated disease, and family history, and results of treatment of pre-axial polydactyly with hallux varus deformity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We carried out a retrospective study of 5 patients who presented with preaxial polydactyly with hallux varus deformity, and were treated between 2003 and 2010 at the authors' hospital. Surgeries including extra digit excision, local flap, osteotomy, and interphalangeal joint fusion were performed taking into consideration the deformity types and patient's age. Family history, associated disease, and types of duplication were assessed, and the outcomes of surgery were evaluated with radiographs and appearances of foot. The mean follow-up period was 34 months. RESULTS: All 5 patients had one or more associated anomalies such as congenital anterolateral tibial bowing and polydactyly in three, translocation of chromosome 2 : 13 associated with cryptorchidism in one, pes planovalgus in one, residual poliomyelitis in one, syndactyly of the foot in two, and leg length discrepancy in one patient. There was no family history of hallux polydactyly in any of the cases. All five patients had duplication of the distal phalanx and one of them had a blocked proximal phalanx. The extra digit was completely removed and the varus deformity was corrected in all cases. CONCLUSION: There was a high incidence of associated diseases in patients with hallux polydactyly and varus deformity. Deformity correction could be obtained by surgeries chosen according to the individual deformity type and patient age.

Alternativa quirúrgica con tutor externo tipo Ilizarov para el tratamiento de pie equino varo hipercorregido / Surgical alternative type Ilizarov external fixator for the treatment of overcorrected clubfoot

Este estudio es un análisis retrospectivo que se realizó a 35 pies de 29 pacientes(11 hembras y 18 varones) con el diagnóstico de pie equino varo congénito hípercorregido, en el hospital ortopédico infantil de Caracas en un period comprendido entre el 03-11-1997 al 26-11-2007, a los cuales se le practicó una cirugía con osteotomías percutáneas supramaleolar de tibia y de medio pie, fijados con un tutor externo multiplanar tipo ilizarov. Se encontró mejoría en los ángulos de kite AP y lateral post-operatorio, promedio pre-operatorio (45,8°) lateral y (43,5°) AP con un post-operatorio de(29,8°) lateral y(28,3°)AP. Tomando en cuenta la disminución del tiempo quirúrgico, días de hospitalización, disminución de la injuria a nivel de los tejidos y reincorporación temprana a las actividades, con un seguimiento promedio de 7 años que al final se mantenía el ángulo de kite del último control con respecto al post-operatorio tardío. Por lo que recomendamos este procedimiento como parte del tratamiento para corrección del pie quino varo congénito hipercorregido.

This study is a retrospective analysis was performed to 35 feet of 29 patients (11 females and 18 males) diagnosed with overcorrected clubfoot in children's orthopedic hospital of Caracas in a period from 11.03.1997 to 26.11.2007, to which she underwent surgery supramalleolar percutaneous tibial osteotomy and mid-foot, fixed with Ilizarov external fixator multiplanar type. There was improvement in kite angles AP and lateral postoperative average pre-operative (45.8 °) and lateral (43.5 °) AP with a post-operative (29.8 °) and lateral (28 , 3 °) AP. Taking into account the reduction of surgical time, hospital stay, decreased level of injury to tissues and early return to activities, with an average follow up of 7 years which ultimately kept the kite angle of ultimate control over the late postoperative period. So we recommend this procedure as a treatment for correction of congenital varus foot overcorrected quino.

Traumatic Dynamic Hallux Varus: A Case Report / 대한족부족관절학회지

The first metatarsophalangeal joint injury is common in professional soldiers and athletes. But this was rarely reported. A professional soldier has varus instability in the first metatarsophalangeal joint due to hyperextension. In the MR Imaging, weavy appearance in lateral collateral ligament and high signal change in plantar plate was shown. So he has surgical treatment using reconstructive procedure. At first, 4th extensor digitorum longus tendon was splitted longitudinally and harvested, second triangular shape reconstruction on lateral joint line was done using harvested tendon. One year later, fifteen degrees was limited compared with intact side. Reconstruction using 4th extensor digitorum longus tendon in traumatic dynamic hallux varus was good method.