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Ocular surface inflammatory disorder (OSID) is a chronic ocular disease caused by systemic disorders or involving the local immune system.OSID induces persistent inflammatory reaction in the ocular adnexal connective tissues which in turn give rise to tear hypertonicity and ocular surface epithelial damage, leading to dry eye formation or progression.Common immune-related ocular surface diseases include vernal keratoconjunctivitis, Sj?gren syndrome, graft versus host disease, dry eye and immune-related corneal disease, all of which can significantly impact the visual function and quality of life of patients.Current treatments including the use of artificial tears and glucocorticoid eye drops are not always effective and have the risk of adverse events.Cyclosporine A (CsA) is a commonly utilized immunosuppressant that has a strong immunomodulatory effect, but its clinical application is somewhat limited due to the low permeability of its current ophthalmic dosage form.The development of CsA ophthalmic agents has changed the treatment strategy for OSID.The development of 0.1% CsA cationic emulsion has significantly improved the efficacy and safety of topical CsA treatment, which is worth the attention.In order to rationally apply 0.1% CsA cationic emulsion to OSID, ophthalmologists should fully understand the immune-related pathogenesis of each OSID and comprehend the curative effect, indication, application methods and adverse events of topical CsA treatment.
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Eosinophilic gastroenteritis disorder is an uncommon inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, affecting predominantly, stomach and small intestine. Subserosal inflammation is a major source of minor?to?moderate ascites. We present the case of an 8?year?old girl child who was brought to the hospital with complaints of chronic abdomen pain and mild ascites. There was a remarkable finding of eosinophils in ascitic fluid. Other differential diagnosis was excluded. Treatment abdomen with deflazacort gave significant resolution of symptoms over the time.
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ABSTRACT@#Kimura disease (KD) is a rare chronic inflammatory disorder of unknown aetiology that primarily affects the head and neck region with lymph node involvement. Young to middle-aged adult Asian males are predominantly affected. The most common presentation is painless subcutaneous swelling in the head and neck region, while proptosis or orbital involvement is very rarely reported. KD shares some features with other inflammatory and neoplastic disorders, including lymphoma; thus, investigations to confirm the diagnosis should not be delayed. Systemic corticosteroids are commonly used to treat KD and show an excellent response; however, the optimal treatment is still uncertain, and KD has a high recurrence rate. We describe the case of a patient with KD who presented with proptosis and post-auricular swelling, which responded well to oral prednisolone treatment.
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Enfermedad de Kimura , ExoftalmiaRESUMEN
Background: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic systematic inflammatory disorder . It may affect many tissue and organs, mainly joints. This process is based on imbalance between bone resorbing osteoclasts and bone forming osteoclasts. The main cause of this imbalance is enhance expression of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumour necrosis factor (TNF). Methods: A study was conducted in the Dept. of Orthopaedics, F.H. Medical College Etmadpur, Agra. Results: Total 304 patients were included in this study, in which 152 control and 152 cases included in this study. Out of the 152 control, 54 were male and 98 were female. In the control patients most of the people were belong to 51-60 age group. In the 152 Rheumatoid arthritis cases, 44 were male and 108 were female. In the Rheumatoid arthritis cases most of the people belong to 51-60 age grouping. Conclusion: The results of this study shows a significant increase in serum alkaline phosphatase level compared to controls which confirm the association of serum alkaline phosphatase with Rheumatoid arthritis.
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The ability of nematodes to manipulate the immune system of their host towards a Th2 and T regulatory responses has been proposed to suppress the inflammatory response. Clinical trials have proposed a useful effect of helminth infections on improvement of inflammatory disorders. In this study, we investigated the immunomodulatory effect of Syphacia obvelata infection to induce intestinal tolerance in C57BL/6 mice. Mice were infected through the cagemates with self-infected BALB/c mice. Four weeks post-infection, expression levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-17, and IL-10 were assessed in the supernatant of mesenteric lymph node (MLN) culture. Foxp3⁺Treg were measured in MLN cells by flow cytometry. In the S. obvelata-infected group, the percentage of Tregs (5.2±0.4) was significantly higher than the control (3.6±0.5) (P<0.05). The levels of IL-10 (55.3±2.2 vs 35.2±3.2), IL-17 (52.9±3.8 vs 41±1.8), IFN-γ (44.8±4.8 vs 22.3±2.3) and TNF-α (71.1±5.8 vs 60.1±3.3) were significantly increased in infected mice compared to the control group (P<0.05). The above results showed the potential effects of S. obvelata to induce intestinal tolerance. Therefore, it seems that S. obvelata may increase the immunological suppressive function in the intestinal tract.