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OBJECTIVE@#To compare 3 commonly used methods for drug delivery via the lumbar spinal subarachnoid space in rats.@*METHODS@#We compared the effects of 3 methods for drug delivery via the lumbar spinal subarachnoid space in Sprague Dawley rats, namely acute needle puncture, chronic catheterization via laminectomy, and non-laminectomized catheterization. Body weight changes of the rats were measured, and their general and neurological conditions were assessed after the surgeries. The motor function of the rats was examined using rota rod test both before and after the surgeries. Nociceptive tests were performed to assess nociception of the rats. HE staining was used to examine local inflammation caused by the surgeries in the lumbar spinal cord tissue, and lidocaine paralysis detection and toluidine blue dye assay were used to confirm the precision of drug delivery using the 3 methods.@*RESULTS@#Both needle puncture and catheterization via laminectomy resulted in a relatively low success rate of surgery and caused neurological abnormalities, severe motor dysfunction, hyperalgesia, allodynia and local inflammation. Catheterization without laminectomy had the highest success rate of surgery, and induced only mild agitation, slight cerebral spinal fluid leakage, mild sensory and motor abnormalities, and minimum pathology in the lumbar spinal cord. Catheterization without laminectomy produced less detectable effects on the behaviors in the rats and was well tolerated compared to the other two methods with also higher precision of drug delivery.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Catheterization without laminectomy is a safe, accurate and effective approach to lumbar drug delivery in rats.
RESUMEN
Objective To investigate the effect of lumbar subarachnoid space continuous drainage on cerebral vasospasm(CVS) prevention and treatment following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH), and further explore the mechanism of CVS prevention and treatment.Methods An experimental SAH was achieved by twice injections of fresh autologous arterial blood into cisterna magna of each dog. The dogs were randomly divided into drainage group and control group and it was just after the second injection of fresh blood that the drainage group began to drain blood cerebral spinal fluid(CSF).The contents of red blood cell(RBC), endothelin-1(ET-1) and nitric oxygen(NO) in CSF were measured respectively. The degree of CVS was analyzed through angiography (%reduction of basilar artery diamiter,%RBAD). The angiographic results of CVS were analyzed and the changes of RBC, ET-1 and NO in CSF at different stages were compared between two groups. Results The drainage group had fewer cases of CVS and the severity of CVS was more slight compared with control group.Drainage group had a significantly higher cleaning rate of RBC.In drainage group,the content of ET-1 was lower and the content of NO was higher significantly than control group.Conclusions Through cleaning the vasogenic substances in subarachnoid space,lumbar subarachnoid space continuous drainage can change the levels of ET-1 and NO in CSF and may prevent and reverse CVS following.