Research progress on related factors of occult myopia / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

Occult myopia refers to a special type of myopia, which is caused by the axial length beyond the normal range of children's normal age, and the corneal curvature is lower than the normal range of children with the normal age range of the vision. Because the vision of occult myopia children is within the normal range, it is easy to be ignored in myopia screening. Without timely myopia prevention and control, occult myopia is very easy to develop into dominant myopia, not only the visual development is seriously affected, but visual function will also produce irreversible changes. It is found that the axial length, corneal curvature, retina and chorioid of occult myopia are different from those of ordinary myopia. The change of these indicators can be used to assist the diagnosis and observe their development process. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the research progress at home and abroad on ocular axis length, corneal curvature, macular retinal thickness, macular choroidal thickness and other related factors in children with occult myopia, in order to provide references for related clinical research.

Choroidal thickness in primary angle-closure disease / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM:To measure the macular and peripapillary choroidal thickness(CT)in primary angle-closure disease(PACD)with enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography(EDI-OCT). To explore the characteristics of CT in each subtypes of PACD and to evaluate its role in the pathogenesis of PACD.<p>METHODS: This was a prospective clinical study. A total of 155 PACD eyes(82 patients)were enrolled in the study, including 24 PACS eyes(24 patients), 35 APAC eyes(28 patients), 38 CPAC eyes(30 patients), 58 eyes PACG(38 patients). 87 normal eyes(87 patients)were set up as control. The EDI-OCT was used to measure the macular and peripapillary choroidal thickness in all study patients. <p>RESULTS: PACD eyes exhibited thicker choroid than the control eyes at all macular locations(<i>P</i><0.05). Choroidal thickness of PACG was thinner than other PACD eyes in area except for 3mm nasal from the fovea(<i>P</i><0.05). Subfoveal choroidal thickness(SFCT)of APAC was thickest(357.17±61.49μm), followed by PACS group(318.04±56.52μm). PACG group presented the thinnest SFCT(263.55±67.87μm). The average macular CT at 1mm centered at the fovea was thinner than SFCT(<i>P</i><0.05)in all subgroups except for CPAC. The average macular CT at 3mm as well as 1mm centered at the fovea was thinner than SFCT in all subgroups(<i>P</i><0.05). There was no statistical differences in CT at peripapillary locations between PACD and controls groups(<i>P</i>>0.05).<p>CONCLUSION: In PACD and controls groups, the CT of subfoveal location was the thickest with decreasing thickness when moving eccentrically from the fovea. The thicker CT might be another anatomic characteristic of PACD. Increased CT in macular location might be a contributing factor of acute attacks. There was no characteristic distinction in the peripapillary CT of PACD when compared with normal controls.

Choroidal Thickness in Thyroid-associated Ophthalmopathy between Normal Tension Glaucoma Using Optical Coherence Tomography

PURPOSE: To compare the macular choroidal thickness in patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) with those with normal tension glaucoma (NTG). METHODS: A total of 70 normal eyes, 74 eyes with TAO and 60 eyes with NTG were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) (Cirrus HD-OCT, Carl Zeiss Meditec Inc., Dublin, CA, USA). Macular choroidal thickness was assessed using enhanced depth imaging. The average macular choroidal thickness was defined as the average value of three measurements: at the fovea and at the points located 1.5 mm in the nasal and temporal directions from the fovea. Generalized estimating equations were used to uncover factors affecting the average macular choroidal thickness. RESULTS: The average, superior and inferior quadrant retinal nerve fiber layer thicknesses were significantly thinner in the NTG group compared with the TAO and control groups (p < 0.001). The average macular choroidal thickness of the TAO group, NTG group and controls was 281.01 ± 60.06 µm, 241.66 ± 55.00 µm and 252.07 ± 55.05 µm, respectively, which were significantly different (p = 0.013). The subfoveal, nasal and temporal side choroidal thicknesses were significantly thinner in the NTG group compared with the TAO group (p = 0.014, 0.012 and 0.034, respectively). Subjects with TAO were associated with a thicker average macular choroidal thickness compared with the NTG group after adjusting for age, sex, spherical equivalent and intraocular pressure (β = 32.61, p = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS: Macular choroidal thickness was significantly thicker in patients with TAO compared with those with NTG. Further evaluation is required to determine if a thick choroid in subjects with TAO has any role in glaucomatous optic neuropathy.