Metabolites and metabolic pathways of maackiain in rats based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS / 中国中药杂志

Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) was used to investigate the metabolites of maackiain in rats based on the prediction function of UNIFI data processing system and liver microsomal incubation in vitro. Ten metabolites of maackiain after oral absorption were reasonably deduced and characterized. It was found that the biotransformation of maackiain mainly included phase Ⅰ oxidation, dehydrogenation, phase Ⅱ sulfate conjugation, glucosylation conjugation, and glucuronic acid conjugation. Among them, the product of glucosylation conjugation, trifolirhizin, was identified by comparison with the reference for the first time. Liver microsomal incubation in vitro further confirmed the metabolites and metabolic pathways of maackiain in rats. The metabolites in the blood, urine, and feces complemented each other, which revealed the migration, metabolism, and excretion modes of maackiain in rats. This study lays a foundation for the further investigation of the metabolic mechanism of maackiain in vivo and the in-depth research on the mechanism of pharmacodynamics and toxicity.

Analysis on mechanism of toxicity reduction through compatibility of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma from in vitro component changes,in vivo metabolism and biological effects antagonism / 中国中药杂志

Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma is a representative acid-alkali drug pair,commonly used in clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine( TCM). Its unique compatibility connotation fully embodied the wisdom of ancient people in drug use. In order to more comprehensively and deeply understand the scientific connotation of the compatibility of the two drugs,pharmacy workers have studied the mechanism of reducing toxicity and enhancing efficacy through their compatibility from the perspectives of chemistry,pharmacology and toxicology. On the basis of combing the previous research work,this paper interpreted the unique compatibility connotation from the three-level system of reducing the content of toxic components in vitro by hydrolysis,lipid exchange and formation of associations,the active constituents of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma affecting the metabolism of toxic components and direct antagonism of the toxic effects of aconite in vivo. The existing problems and controversies of the modern mechanism of their compatibility were also proposed,providing a reference for further in-depth studies.

Research progress on chemical composition and metabolism of Huangqi Jianzhong Decoction and its constituent herbal medicines / 中草药

Huangqi Jianzhong Decoction is recorded in Synopsis of the Golden Chamber by Zhong-jing Zhang in the Eastern Han Dynasty. It consists of seven herbs including Astragali Radix, Cinnamomi Ramulus, Paeoniae Radix Alba, Jujubae Fructus, Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and Saccharum granorum. Clinically, it is mainly used to treat peptic ulcer, duodenal ulcer, gastroesophageal reflux and other diseases. By reviewing the research literatures of Huangqi Jianzhong Decoction and its components in recent years, the main chemical constituents, metabolic pathways, metabolic reactions and metabolites of Huangqi Jianzhong Decoction and its components were summarized provide scientific reference for the material basis research of Huangqi Jianzhong Decoction.