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The objective of this study was to detect the association of biofilm formation with IS256 among clinical and carrier isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE). A total of 71 MRSE isolates were included in this study. Phenotypic detection of biofilm formation was done by Congo red agar method. Detection of genes associated with biofilm formation (icaAD, aap and atlE) and insertion sequence IS256 was done by polymerase chain reaction. Of the 71 MRSE isolates,19/40 (47.5%) clinical isolates from hospital settings and 11/31 (35.5%) carrier isolates from community settings respectively were found to be positive for all the three genes tested, namely, icaAD+, aap+ and atlE+ genes. Nearly 80% of clinical isolates were found to harbour IS256, whereas only 13% of community isolates harboured IS256.
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Objective To investigate SCCmec types in clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) carrying psm-mec.Methods We collected 165 strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis identified by automated microbiological identification system and screened MRSE by PCR amplification of esp and mecA gene.Strains with psm-mec were identified by amplification of psm-mec,fudoh and p221 DNA fragment;mec,ccr and SCCmec typing was conducted by multiplex PCR assay.Results Among 138 strains of MRSE,29 strains were identified as MRSE with psm-mec,and the carrying rate was 17.58%.Results of mec and ccr typing by multiple PCR showed that MRSE with psm-mec carried Class A mec,but the ccr type had obvious diversity.Results of SCCmec typing showed that all strains with psm-mec belonged to type Ⅱ and/or Ⅲ SCCmec.Conclusion Clinical isolates of MRSE with psm-mec carry homologous type Ⅱ and/or Ⅲ SCCmec harboring Class A mec.
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Objective To investigate the SCCmec types of clinically isolated methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (M RSE) .Methods Eighty‐four strains of clinically isolated Staphylococcus epidermidis identified by the fully automatic microbio‐logical identification system were collected and performed the MRSE identification by PCR for amplifying esp and mecA genes and SCCmec typing .Its distribution characteristics were analyzed .Results Esp gene was amplified in 84 strains and the detection rate of mecA was 76 .19% (64/84) ,in which the MRSE detection rates in blood ,sputum ,urine and wound secretion were 76 .8% , 68 .8% ,100% and 71 .4% respectively .The multiple PCR amplification displayed that among 64 strains of MRSE ,19 strains were SCCmec simple type ,in which 19 strains were SCCmec type Ⅰ and 3 strains were SCCmec type Ⅲ ;42 strains were SCCmec mixed type ,in which 2 strains were SCCmec mixed type Ⅰ and Ⅱ ,14 strains were SCCmec mixed type Ⅰ and Ⅲ ,12 strains were SCCmec mixed type Ⅰ ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ ,5 strains were SCCmec mixed type Ⅱ and Ⅲ ,a strains were and SCCmec mixed type Ⅲ and Ⅳ .Conclu‐sion The SCCmec type in clinically isolated MRSE shows obvious diversity and its majority is SCCmec mixed type .
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The sequences of the ccrAB genes from bovine-, canine- and chicken-originating methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus (S.) epidermidis (MRSE) and bovine methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus (S.) aureus (MRSA) were compared to investigate the frequency of intra-species horizontal transfer of the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) complex. Nineteen MRSE strains were isolated from bovine milk, chickens, and dogs, and their genetic characteristics were investigated by multilocus sequence typing and SCCmec typing. Among the animal MRSE strains, the most frequent SCCmec type was type IV, which consisted of the type B mec complex and ccrAB type 2. The ccrA2 and ccrB2 genes were sequenced from the bovine, chicken and canine MRSE strains and compared with those of the bovine MRSA strains. The sequences generally clustered as MRSA and MRSE groups, regardless of the animal source. Additionally, no bovine MRSE sequence was associated with the bovine MRSA groups. Although most of the bovine MRSE and MRSA isolates possessed SCCmec type IV sequences, our results suggest that the intra-species gene transfer of the SCCmec complex between bovine S. aureus and bovine S. epidermidis strains is not a frequent event.
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Animales , Bovinos , Perros , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Proteínas Bacterianas/genética , Técnicas de Tipificación Bacteriana/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/epidemiología , Pollos , Enfermedades de los Perros/epidemiología , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana , Transferencia de Gen Horizontal , Meticilina/farmacología , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente a Meticilina/genética , Leche/microbiología , Tipificación de Secuencias Multilocus/veterinaria , Enfermedades de las Aves de Corral/epidemiología , Prevalencia , República de Corea/epidemiología , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/epidemiología , Staphylococcus epidermidis/genéticaRESUMEN
Objective To investigate SCCmec genotypes and drug-resistance profiles of the methieillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) strains isolated from the patients suffered from diabetic foot infections (DFI) in the Tianjin Metabohc Diseases Hospital. Methods After dabridement, specimens of 390 infectious diabetic foot ulcers in the hospital from Jan 2008 to Jun 2010 were collected from the wound basal parts by cotton swab for culture. The disk-diffusion method was performed to examine antimicrobial susceptibility. DNAs of the MRSE strains were extracted, and their SCCmec genotypes were identified by PCR. Results Twenty of the seventy(28.6% ,20/70)Staphylococcus epidermidis strains were mecA posifive. Among the MRSE isolates, 2 ( 10.0% )were SCCmec Ⅱ ,9 (45.0%)were SCCmecⅢ and 9 (45.0%)were SCCmec Ⅳ. None of the isolates were genotyped as SCCmec Ⅰ or Ⅴ. No mater which genotypes they were, all the MRSE isolates were multi-drug resistant. They were resistant not only to β-lactams (including penicillins, cefoxitin and cephems), but also to non-β-lactams (including macrolides, fiuoroquinolones and sulfonamides ) . Resistance to voncomycin and rifampicin were not found in these strains . Conclusion SCCmec Ⅲ and SCCmecⅣ are major genotypes of the MRSE isolates from the infectious diabetic foot ulcers.The SCCmec Ⅳ genotype strains with multi-drug resistant profiles are prevalent in the diabetic foot infections.
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Postoperative meningitis after spinal surgery is a rare complication that can result in a life-threatening condition. Linezolid (LZD) is an oxazolidinone which has been approved in Japan for infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The authors encountered a case of postoperative meningitis with cerebrospinal fluid leakage (liquorrhoea) that occurred after resection of a cervical cord tumor. The infection was caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis(MRSE). Debridement and suture of the dura matter was carried out. LZD was given intravenously. The infection was cured without any sequelae. Based on this result, we concluded that LZD might be considered as one of the first choices for the treatment of postsurgical meningitis caused by MRSE.
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Humanos , Acetamidas , Desbridamiento , Japón , Meningitis , Resistencia a la Meticilina , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente a Meticilina , Oxazolidinonas , Staphylococcus , Suturas , LinezolidRESUMEN
Staphylococcus epidermidis and other coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS), often dismissed previously as culture contaminants, are assuming great clinical importance as true pathogens. CNS infections are associated with indwelling foreign bodies and increase along with increasing use of catheters and artificial devices inserted through the skin. CNS from nosocomial infections, particularly S. epidermidis, are usually resistant to multiple antibiotics, with more than 80% resistant to methicillin. Methicillin-resistant. epidermidis (MRSE) can become resistant to all β-lactams, cephalosporins, and carbapenems by the aquisition of a chromosomal mecA gene, which encodes penicillin-binding proteins 2a that has low affinity for β-lactams. S. epidermidis universally attaches to surface of indwelling artificial devices and catheters and produces extracellular polysaccharides, resulting in the formation of a biofilm. Biofilms increase resistance of S. epidermidis to antimicrobial agents and the potential to cause infections in patients with indwelling medical devices. The drug of choice for MRSE infection is glycopeptide antibiotics (e.g. vancomycin and teicoplanin) and cure rates have been improved by addition of gentamicin or rifampin. Recently developed noble antibiotics for Gram-positive bacteria, quinupristin/dalfopristin and linezolid, will play an important role in the treatment of serious MRSE infections. However, antibiotics alone often fail for cure and removal of indwelling medical devices may be crucial.
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Humanos , Antibacterianos , Antiinfecciosos , Biopelículas , Carbapenémicos , Catéteres , Cefalosporinas , Infección Hospitalaria , Cuerpos Extraños , Gentamicinas , Bacterias Grampositivas , Linezolid , Meticilina , Resistencia a la Meticilina , Proteínas de Unión a las Penicilinas , Polisacáridos , Rifampin , Piel , Staphylococcus epidermidis , Staphylococcus , VancomicinaRESUMEN
Endocarditis related to pacemaker-lead infection is a rare complication characterized by infection on the pacemaker electrode tip, tricuspid valve, or the fibrotic endocardial areas that are in contact with the electrode tip. However, it is a serious, potentially life-threatening complication. We experienced a case of pacemaker endocarditis in a 39-year old male patient in whom a permanent pacemaker had been inserted four years before. The diagnosis was made by the demonstration of vegetations on the electrode tip of the pacemaker, that was detected by transthoracic echocardiography and isolation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis from blood culture. The patient was managed with antibiotics for six weeks and the infected electrode was removed by open heart surgery.
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Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Antibacterianos , Diagnóstico , Ecocardiografía , Electrodos , Endocarditis , Resistencia a la Meticilina , Staphylococcus epidermidis , Cirugía Torácica , Válvula TricúspideRESUMEN
Endocarditis related to pacemaker-lead infection is a rare complication characterized by infection on the pacemaker electrode tip, tricuspid valve, or the fibrotic endocardial areas that are in contact with the electrode tip. However, it is a serious, potentially life-threatening complication. We experienced a case of pacemaker endocarditis in a 39-year old male patient in whom a permanent pacemaker had been inserted four years before. The diagnosis was made by the demonstration of vegetations on the electrode tip of the pacemaker, that was detected by transthoracic echocardiography and isolation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis from blood culture. The patient was managed with antibiotics for six weeks and the infected electrode was removed by open heart surgery.