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OBJECTIVE@#To extract and isolate berberine from Berberis aristata (Berberidaceae). Isolated berberine was characterised using spectroscopy and its antioxidant and antiarthritic activity was analyzed.@*METHODS@#The berberine was isolated from B. aristata using microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and characterised by a spectroscopic technique. The isolated berberine was evaluated for its antioxidant activity in DPPH, nitric oxide, and superoxide scavenging assays, while antiarthritic activity was evaluated in the complete freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis rat model.@*RESULTS@#The antioxidant activity of berberine revealed potent antioxidant activity in DPPH, nitric oxide, and superoxide scavenging assays. The in vivo antiarthritic activity of berberine in the CFA-induced arthritis rat model showed a significant reduction in paw diameter, arthritic score, and an increase in body weight. Furthermore, a concentration-dependent ameliorating action of berberine on haematological parameters was noticed. Proinflammatory biomarkers, including IL-6, IL-10, and TGF-b in serum were reported, and histopathology examination revealed that berberine decreased pannus formation, synovial hyperplasia, and bone erosion. Radiographic investigation showed soft tissue inflammation, bone resorption and erosion, joint gap reduction, and substantial connective tissue expansion after treatment with berberine.@*CONCLUSION@#The ameliorating action on haematological parameters and proinflammatory biomarkers of berberine makes them a suitable remedy for the treatment of arthritis.
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Objective To study a method of microwave-assistant PEGylation of polystyrene resin. Methods Modify the commercial Merrifield resin with PEG-200, and study the influence of the yield under different conditions. The self-prepared PEG resin was further derived to PEG-wang resin; kinds of amino acids were anchored, and the loading rates were compared with commercial wang resin. Result A general series react conditions were preferred, which was performed with 5 g resin, 50 ml PEG-200, irradiating for 15 min ×2 at 600 W, preset temperature was 170 ℃. The resin was then transformed to PEGylated Wang resin and anchored with amino acids, the yields were satisfied. Conclusion The multi-mode microwave assistant PEGylation of Merrifield resin method was first reported in this paper. This method has the advantages of simple operation,fast preparation, mild reaction conditions and good yield, which was much better than the traditional method.
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Objective: To study a method of microwave-assistant PEGylation of polystyrene resin. Methods: Modify the commercial Merrifield resin with PEG-200, and study the influence of the yield under different conditions. The self-prepared PEG resin was further derived to PEG-wang resin; kinds of amino acids were anchored, and the loading rates were compared with commercial wang resin. Result: A general series react conditions were preferred, which was performed with 5 g resin, 50 ml PEG-200. irradiating for 15 min×2 at 600 W, preset temperature was 170 °C. The resin was then transformed to PEGylated Wang resin and anchored with amino acids, the yields were satisfied. Conclusion: The multi-mode microwave assistant PEGylation of Merrifield resin method was first reported in this paper. This method has the advantages of simple operation, fast preparation, mild reaction conditions and good yield, which was much better than the traditional method.