RESUMEN
Purpose: To study the complication rate following Nd: YAG posterior capsulotomy posterior capsular opacification (PCO) in patients with and without comorbid conditions. Methods: This was a prospective, interventional, comparative, and observational study. A total of 80 eyes, consisting of 40 eyes without ocular comorbidities (group A) and 40 eyes with ocular comorbidities (group B) that were being treated with Nd: YAG capsulotomy for PCO, were included. Visual outcome and complications of Nd: YAG capsulotomy were studied. Results: The mean age of group A patients was 61.65 ± 8.85 years and that of group B patients was 63 ± 10.46 years. Of the total, 38 (47.5%) were men and 42 (52.5%) were women. In group B, the ocular comorbidities were moderate nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) (n = 14 eyes; 14/40 = 35%), subluxated intraocular lens (IOL; <2 clock hours of subluxation; n = 6), age?related macular degeneration (ARMD; n = 6), post?uveitic eyes (having old signs of uveitis, no episode of uveitis since the last 1 year; n = 5), and operated cases of traumatic cataract (n = 4). The mean energy required in groups A and B was 46.95 ± 25.92 and 42.62 ± 21.85 mJ, respectively (P = 0.422). The average energy requirement in Grade 2, Grade 3, and Grade 4 PCO was 22.30, 41.62, and 79.52 mJ, respectively. An increase in intraocular pressure (IOP) of >5 mmHg from pre?YAG levels was observed in one patient in each group on day 1 postprocedure, for which medical treatment was given to both patients for 7 days. One patient in each group had IOL pitting. No patient had any other complications attributable to ND:YAG capsulotomy. Conclusion: Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy is a safe procedure for PCO in patients with comorbidities. Visual outcomes were excellent after Nd:YAG posterior capsulotomy. Although a transient increase in IOP was noted, the response to treatment was good and a long?term increase in IOP was not observed
RESUMEN
Background: The neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (NdYAG) laser therapy has been a popular technique for facial rejuvenation but certain adverse effects like post-infl ammatory hyperpigmentation are issues of concern to Asian patients. Aims: To assess the outcome following combined treatment with vitamin C sonophoresis and NdYAG laser, in selected cases of facial hyperpigmentation. Methods: Twenty three women with dyschromia or melasma who had undergone fi ve sessions of Q-switched NdYAG laser therapy followed by transdermal delivery of vitamin C via sonophoresis were selected after a retrospective review of case records. The objective and subjective clinical outcomes and the side effects, including erythema, scaling, pruritus, dryness and post-infl ammatory hyperpigmentation were evaluated. Results: In both objective or subjective outcomes, 91.3% (21/23) of the patients showed an excellent or better outcome, while 8.7% (2/23) showed no change. A majority of the patients (73.9%, 17/23) experienced no post-infl ammatory hyperpigmentation or had slight post-infl ammatory hyperpigmentation which quickly resolved within 1 week. Only one (4.3%) patient had extreme post-infl ammatory hyperpigmentation which lasted for over a month. Limitations: This was a retrospective study without a control group; a comparative study with a control group (patients treated with the laser alone, without vitamin C sonopheresis) is needed to determine the difference in the outcome. Conclusion: The use of vitamin C sonophoresis along with NdYAG laser may reduce the incidence of adverse effects in Asian patients. Patients experienced obvious improvement in hyperpigmentation and had lower chances of experiencing extreme or severe post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation.