RESUMEN
Perimenstrual asthma (PMA) is a manifestation of asthma, occurred in a special physiological period of women. It has clinical manifestations of asthma and its own characteristics. It can be caused by not only general asthma inflammatory mediators, such as leukotrienes, prostaglandins, and abnormal immune factors, but also the change trend of sex hormones in the special period. For example, the balance between the proportion of estradiol and progesterone in the circulation may convert allergic reactions into anti-inflammatory reactions, which reduces eosinophils lung recruitment and increases IL10 production, or estradiol may produce proinflammatory effect, which increases the regeneration of IL4, IL1β, and TNFα, exacerbates allergic pulmonary inflammation, causes and aggravates premenstrual or menstrual asthma. Therefore, the treatment of PMA is also different from that of the general asthma. This article focuses on the understanding of this special type of asthma, and reviews the current situation of its risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, treatment plan and other aspects.