Efeito do tônus do corpo perineal nas disfunçõessexuais em mulheres jovens nulíparas / Effect of perineal body tone on sexual dysfunctionsin young nulliparous women

Objetivo: avaliar o tônus do corpo perineal em mulheres jovens nulíparas e correlacionar com as funções sexuais e a presença de disfunção sexual. Método: foi realizado um estudo descritivo, observacional, transversal utilizando uma amostra de conveniência incluindo mulheres adultas jovens nulíparas. A avaliação das participantes consistiu na aplicação dos questionários socioclínico, Pelvic Organ Prolaps / Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire (PISQ-12), Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) e exame físico do tônus do corpo perineal. Os dados foram analisados pelo programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS®), versão 23, adotando um nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: participaram 77 mulheres jovens nulíparas (21,68 ± 2,94 anos), destas 77, 92% apresentavam vida sexual ativa e 66,03% tônus normal do corpo perineal. Dentre as alterações tônicas, o aumento do tônus predominou (33,76%). Houve alta prevalência de disfunção sexual (87,01%) pelo FSFI (23,38 ± 7,21) com maior queixa de dispareunia. Mulheres com tônus aumentado apresentaram maior disfunção sexual em relação a desejo e estímulo subjetivo (p=0,04), à excitação (p=0,01), satisfação (p=0,04) e dor ou a desconforto (p=0,03). Houve correlação inversa entre a presença de aumento do tônus e os domínios FSFI desejo e estímulo subjetivo (R= - 0,56) e excitação (R= - 0,34) e correlação direta para dor ou desconforto (R= 0,30). Conclusão: o aumento do tônus do corpo perineal piora a função sexual de mulheres jovens nulíparas.

Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and physical examination of the tone of the perineal body. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS®), version 23, adopting a significance level of 5%. Results: 77 young nulliparous women (21.68 ± 2.94 years) participated, of which 77, 92% had an active sexual life and 66.03% had normal tone of the perineal body. Among the tonic changes, increased tone predominated (33.76%). There was a high prevalence of sexual dysfunction (87.01%) according to the FSFI (23.38 ± 7.21) with greater complaints of dyspareunia. Women with increased tone had greater sexual dysfunction in relation to desire and subjective stimulation (p=0.04), excitement (p=0.01), satisfaction (p=0.04) and pain or discomfort (p=0.03). There was an inverse correlation between the presence of increased tone and the FSFI domains desire and subjective stimulus (R= - 0.56) and excitement (R= - 0.34) and a direct correlation for pain or discomfort (R= 0.30). Conclusion: increased perineal body tone worsens sexual function in young nulliparous women.

Histiocitosis de células de Langerhans en un paciente con lesión perianal. Caso clínico / Langerhans cell histiocytosis in a patient with perianal lesion. A case report

La histiocitosis de células de Langerhans es una expresión de células dendríticas mieloides, asociada a un componente inflamatorio significativo y compromiso sistémico variado. La edad más frecuente de presentación es entre 1 y 4 años, y predomina en el sexo masculino. Se comunica el caso de un niño de 5 años de edad cuya forma de presentación fue una lesión granulomatosa con fístula perianal, afectación pulmonar y de oído externo. El abordaje interdisciplinario permitió llegar al diagnóstico, realizar las intervenciones necesarias e iniciar el tratamiento adecuado.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis is an expression of myeloid dendritic cells, associated with a significant inflammatory component and varied systemic involvement. The most common age at presentation is between 1 and 4 years, and it prevails among male subjects. Here we describe the case of a 5-year-old boy who presented with a granulomatous lesion with perianal fistula and lung and external ear involvement. An interdisciplinary approach helped to make a diagnosis, provide the necessary interventions, and start an adequate treatment.

Fatores associados a lesões perineais em partos vaginais: análise multinível / Factors associated with perineal injuries in vaginal deliveries: multilevel analysis / Factores asociados con lesiones perineales en parto vaginal: análisis multinivel

Objetivo: Estimar a prevalência de lesão perineal e seus fatores associados em casa de parto, controlando-se o contexto de cidade de origem da parturiente. Métodos: Estudo transversal retrospectivo realizado com parturientes no Centro de Parto Normal de São Sebastião, Distrito Federal. Os dados de práticas obstétricas foram obtidos por meio de registros em prontuários físicos (n=400) coletados entre junho e setembro de 2016. Considerou-se como variável dependente 'lesão perineal', e independentes os registros de lacerações de primeiro, segundo e terceiro graus. Para o processo de análise de regressão logística multinível considerou-se dois níveis, I ­ variáveis individuais e II ­ contextual 'cidade de origem'. Resultados: A prevalência de lesão perineal foi 72,8% (IC 96% 6,85-77,2) nas mulheres assistidas. Permaneceram associadas positivamente à lesão perineal as variáveis independentes, anos de estudo <8 anos, primiparidade e uso de ocitocina intraparto. Conclusão: A alta prevalência de lesão perineal e seus fatores associados encontrados na população estudada reforçam a importância da atuação de enfermeiras obstétricas nestes dispositivos de atenção à saúde da mulher, visando a redução destes agravos. (AU)

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of perineal injury and its associated factors in the delivery home, controlling the mother's city of origin. Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study carried out with parturients at the Normal Childbirth Center of São Sebastião, Distrito Federal. Data on obstetric practices were obtained through records in physical records (n=400) collected between June and September 2016. The dependent variable was 'perineal injury', and records of first, second and third lacerations were considered independent. degree. For the multilevel logistic regression analysis process, two levels were considered, I ­ individual variables and II ­ contextual 'city of origin'. Results: The prevalence of perineal injury was 72.8% (CI 96% 6.85-77.2) in women assisted. The independent variables, years of education <8 years, primiparity and use of intrapartum oxytocin remained positively associated with perineal injury. Conclusion: The high prevalence of perineal injury and its associated factors found in the studied population reinforce the importance of the role of obstetric nurses in these women's health care devices, aiming at reducing these injuries. (AU)

Objetivo: Estimar la prevalencia de lesión perineal y sus factores asociados en el hogar de parto, controlando la ciudad de origen de la madre. Métodos: Estudio transversal retrospectivo realizado con parturientas en el Centro de Parto Normal de São Sebastião, Distrito Federal. Los datos sobre prácticas obstétricas se obtuvieron a través de registros en registros físicos (n=400) recolectados entre junio y septiembre de 2016. La variable dependiente fue 'lesión perineal', y los registros de primer, segundo y tercer grado se consideraron independientes. Para el proceso de análisis de regresión logística multinivel, se consideraron dos niveles, I - variables individuales y II - contextual 'ciudad de origen'. Resultados: La prevalencia de lesión perineal fue 72,8% (IC 96% 6,85-77,2) en mujeres asistidas. Las variables independientes, años de educación <8 años, primiparidad y uso de oxitocina intraparto permanecieron asociadas positivamente con la lesión perineal. Conclusión: La alta prevalencia de lesión perineal y sus factores asociados encontrados en la población estudiada refuerzan la importancia del papel de las enfermeras obstétricas en los dispositivos de atención de salud de estas mujeres, con el objetivo de reducir estas lesiones. (AU)

Application of rotational skin flap in repairing skin and soft tissue defects in the perineum / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To explore the application effect of rotating skin flap in the repair of skin and soft tissue defects in the perineum.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 9 patients with perineal soft tissue defects treated in the Department of the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University from January 2022 to March 2024. Among them, 8 cases were soft tissue defects after extensive resection of Paget′s disease in the perineum, and 1 case was soft tissue defects after treatment of severe urethral stricture. The defect area ranged from 4 cm×1.5 cm to 30 cm×35 cm, and all wounds were repaired with rotating skin flaps, For patients with excessive area, rotating skin flaps were used to cover important areas, combined with autologous skin and artificial skin to cover the remaining wounds. Patients with urethral stricture were treated with free oral mucosal reconstruction of the urethra combined with rotational skin flap coverage. The donor site was directly sutured or autologous skin was transplanted.Results:After surgery, the recipient skin flaps of 9 patients survived and the donor area healed. After a follow-up of 9-15 months, the skin flap survived well, with skin color approaching normal, and the donor site wound healed well. Eight patients with Paget′s disease did not show any recurrence, among which one patient with extensive wound expansion had good recovery of the perineal skin flap coverage area, and small-scale chronic ulcers appeared in the skin graft area. The skin flap of the patient with urethral stricture had recovered well, and the shape of the penis was good, without any urethral stricture, urinary fistula, sinus tract, etc.Conclusions:The rotational skin flap has a clear therapeutic effect on perineal soft tissue defects and is suitable for repairing perineal skin and soft tissue defects.

Prevalence and factors associated with the perception of perineal laceration: a cross-sectional study with data from the Nascer no Brasil Survey, 2011 and 2012 / Prevalencia y factores asociados a la percepción de laceración perineal: estudio transversal con datos de la Encuesta Nascer no Brasil, 2011 y 2012 / Prevalência e fatores associados à percepção da laceração perineal: estudo transversal com dados do Inquérito Nascer no Brasil, 2011 e 2012

Abstract Objective: To describe the prevalence of perineal laceration, based on the self-reported perception of postpartum women, and to analyze factors associated with its occurrence in Brazil. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted with 23,894 postpartum women, excluding twin pregnancies, cesarean sections, and births with episiotomies, between 2011 and 2012. Prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) of association between the event and maternal, fetus/newborn, obstetric and clinical management characteristics were estimated in hierarchical Poisson regression models. Results: Out of 4,606 postpartum women, 49.5% (95%CI 46.1;42.9) self-reported perineal laceration. Being an adolescent (PR = 1.12; 95%CI 1.02;1.25), primipara (PR = 1.47; 95%CI 1.33;1.63), having had excessive gestational weight gain (PR = 1.17; 95%CI 1.07;1.29) and having undergone the Kristeller maneuver (PR = 1.18; 95%CI 1.08;1.29) increased the proportion of the outcome. Conclusion: The results found call for prenatal care and adjustments to childbirth care so as to be in accordance with current recommendations.

Resumen Objetivo: Describir la prevalencia de laceración perineal, a partir de la percepción autoinformada de puérperas, y analizar los factores asociados a su aparición en Brasil. Métodos: Estudio transversal entre 2011 y 2012, con 23.894 puérperas, excluyendo embarazos gemelares, cesáreas y partos con episiotomías. Se estimaron razones de prevalencia (RP) e intervalos de confianza del 95% (IC95%) de la asociación entre el evento y las características maternas, feto/recién nacido, obstétricas y de manejo clínico en modelos de regresión jerárquica de Poisson. Resultados: Entre 4.606 mujeres en posparto, el 49,5%(IC95%:46,1;42,9) informó laceración perineal. Ser adolescente (RP = 1,12; IC95% 1,02;1,25), primipara (RP = 1,47; IC95% 1,33;1,63), haber tenido aumento excesivo de peso gestacional (RP = 1,17; IC95% 1,07;1,29) y haber sido sometido a la maniobra de Kristeller (RP = 1,18; IC95% 1,08;1,29) aumentó la proporción de resultados. Conclusión: Los resultados encontrados requieren atención prenatal y ajustes en la atención del parto de acuerdo con las recomendaciones actuales.

Resumo Objetivo: Descrever a prevalência da laceração perineal segundo a percepção autorrelatada da puérpera, e analisar os fatores associados à sua ocorrência no Brasil. Métodos: Estudo transversal conduzido em 23.894 puérperas, excluindo-se gestações gemelares, cesarianas e partos com episiotomias entre 2011 e 2012. Razões de prevalência (RP) e intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%) da associação entre o evento e as características maternas, feto/recém-nato, obstétricas e manejo clínico foram estimadas em modelos de regressão de Poisson hierarquizados. Resultados: Entre 4.606 puérperas, 49,5% (IC95% 46,1;42,9) autorrelataram laceração perineal. Ser adolescente (RP = 1,12; IC95% 1,02;1,25), primípara (RP = 1,47; IC95% 1,33;1,63), ter tido ganho de peso gestacional excessivo (RP = 1,17; IC95% 1,07;1,29) e ter sido submetida à manobra de Kristeller (RP = 1,18; IC95% 1,08;1,29) elevaram a proporção do desfecho. Conclusão: Os resultados encontrados demandam atenção pré-natal e adequações na assistência ao parto conforme recomendações vigentes.

Localización atípica de un lipoblastoma en una niña de 5 años / Atypical location of lipoblastoma in a 5-year-old girl

Se informa de un lipoblastoma perineal en una niña de 5 años localizado en el labio mayor derecho. La lesión aumentó gradualmente en 6 meses. En la ecografía y la resonancia magnética (RM), se observó un tumor heterogéneo sólido limitado con componente graso. Tras su extirpación quirúrgica, el estudio anatomopatológico confirmó un lipoblastoma. El lipoblastoma es un tumor mesenquimatoso benigno poco frecuente de la lactancia y la primera infancia. Los síntomas varían en función de la localización; pueden observarse signos de compresión de los órganos adyacentes. Este tipo de tumores inusuales de los tejidos blandos son más frecuentes en menores de 3 años. Los lipoblastomas se localizan predominantemente en las extremidades, pero también pueden encontrarse en la cabeza y el cuello, el tronco, el mediastino, el riñón, el mesenterio, el retroperitoneo y el perineo. Se debe sospechar su presencia en función de los hallazgos de la ecografía y la RM.

We reported a perineal lipoblastoma in a 5-year-old girl located in the right labia mayor. The lesion gradually increased within 6 months. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a limited solid heterogenous tumor with fatty component. After it had been surgically removed, the anatomopathological examination confirmed that it was a lipoblastoma. Lipoblastoma is a rare benign mesenchymal tumor of infancy and early childhood. Symptoms vary depending on localization; signs of compression of adjacent organs may be seen. This type of unusual soft tissue tumors occurred most often in under 3 years old. The localization of lipoblastomas is predominantly in the extremities but may be also found in other sites including the head and neck, trunk, mediastinum, kidney, mesentery, retropritoneum and perineum. The suspicion should be considered according to ultrasound and MRI findings.

Retalho fasciocutâneo medial da coxa em V-Y bilateral na reconstrução perineal por hidradenite supurativa: Relato de caso / Bilateral V-Y medial fasciocutaneous thigh flap in perineal reconstruction for hidradenitis suppurativa: Case report

Introdução: A hidradenite supurativa (HS) é uma doença inflamatória crônica que afeta preferencialmente a pele intertriginosa e está associada a numerosas comorbidades sistêmicas. A área perineal é a segunda área mais comumente afetada depois da axila. A excisão ampla é o tratamento que tem maior probabilidade de atingir melhores resultados com menor risco de recorrência. Com a excisão cirúrgica extensa, o fechamento com retalho oferece maior probabilidade de tratamento definitivo. Alguns retalhos são descritos para reconstruir defeitos da região perineal após câncer, porém poucos deles são estudados no tratamento da HS. Relato de Caso: Mulher de 43 anos, com HS perineal, submetida a ressecção das lesões e reconstrução com retalho fasciocutâneo medial da coxa em V-Y bilateral como tratamento da doença. O retalho permitiu o fechamento completo do períneo total sem complicações graves. Conclusão: Este caso mostra que é útil e prático utilizar o retalho fasciocutâneo medial da coxa em V-Y para reconstrução perineal após ressecções amplas de pele, glândulas apócrinas e folículos pilosos no tratamento da HS, oferecendo boa cobertura de pele, e tecido celular subcutâneo com suprimento vascular confiável, que evita sequelas associadas a sacrifício de músculos e alcança dimensões maiores do que outros retalhos, podendo ser considerado em casos selecionados como uma alternativa no tratamento cirúrgico da HS perineal.

Introduction: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory disease that preferentially affects the intertriginous skin and is associated with numerous systemic comorbidities. The perineal area is the second most commonly affected area after the armpit. Wide excision is the treatment most likely to achieve better results with a lower risk of recurrence. With extensive surgical excision, flap closure offers a greater likelihood of definitive treatment. Some flaps have been described to reconstruct defects in the perineal region after cancer, but few have been studied in treating HS. Case Report: A 43-year-old woman with perineal HS underwent resection of the lesions and reconstruction with a bilateral V-Y medial thigh fasciocutaneous flap to treat the disease. The flap allowed complete closure of the total perineum without serious complications. Conclusion: This case shows that it is useful and practical to use the V-Y medial thigh fasciocutaneous flap for perineal reconstruction after wide resections of skin, apocrine glands, and hair follicles in the treatment of HS, offering good skin coverage and subcutaneous cellular tissue with supply reliable vascular flap, which avoids sequelae associated with muscle sacrifice and reaches larger dimensions than other flaps, and can be considered in selected cases as an alternative in the surgical treatment of perineal HS.

Effect of iodophor wet compress on perineum in the second stage of labor / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To explore the effect of iodophor wet compress on delivery outcomes and postpartum perineum edema during the second stage of labor, and to provide reference for clinical improvement of postpartum perineal edema.Methods:This was a randomized cotrolled study. The convenient sampling method was adopted. From January 2022 to March 2022,150 pregnant women with single full-term and cephalic presentation who delivery in Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital were selected as the research object. They were divided into observation group and control group according to the random number table method, each group contained 75 cases. In the second stage of labor, both groups were given routine care, based on this, the observation group received iodophor wet compress on perineum, and then the degree of perineal edema on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd day after delivery, perineotomy, intervention and treatment of perineal edema after delivery, the length of the second stage of labor, newborn 1-minute Apgar score were all observed.Results:Observation group was 72 cases and control group was 70 cases finally. The perineal edema rates of grade Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ on postpartum day 1 in the observation group were 75.00% (54/72), 20.83% (15/72) and 4.17% (3/72), while those in the control group were 57.14% (40/70), 34.29%(24/70) and 8.57% (6/70). The perineal edema rates of grade Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ on postpartum day 2 in the observation group were 88.89% (64/72), 8.33% (6/72) and 2.78% (2/72), and 75.71% (53/70), 15.71% (11/70) and 8.57% (6/70) in the control group. The perineal edema rates on the first and second day after delivery between the two groups was statistically significant ( Z=- 2.26,-2.09, both P<0.05); but there was no significant difference in the degree of perineal edema on the third day after delivery ( Z=-1.77, P>0.05); in the observation group, the rate of perineotomy was 34.72% (25/72) while the rate was 51.43% (36/70) in the control group, the difference was significant ( χ 2=4.04, P<0.05) ; the treatment rate of postpartum perineal edema was 29.17% (21/72) in the observation group and 50.00% (35/70) in the control group, there was significant difference ( χ 2=6.45, P<0.05); the length of the second stage of labor and newborn 1-minute Apgar score in the observation group were (51.65 ± 35.69) min, (9.92 ±0.44) points, the control group were (52.91 ± 38.61) min, (9.93 ± 0.43) points, there was no significant difference between two groups ( t=0.20, 0.16, both P>0.05) . Conclusions:The application of iodophor wet compress to perineum in the second stage of labor can effectively reduce the rate of perineotomy and postpartum perineum edema, reduce the severity of edema, it also promote postpartum rehabilitation.

Effects of butorphanol pretreatment on dexamethasone-induced discomfort symptoms / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of pretreatment with butorphanol on perineal discomfort caused by intravenous injection of dexamethasone sodium phosphate.Methods:Using the method of prospective study, ninety patients undergoing elective gynecological surgery in Dalian Women And Children′s Medical Group from June to December 2021 were randomly divided into three groups: butorphanol 0.5 mg pretreatment group (group B1), butorphanol 1.0 mg pretreatment group (group B2) and normal saline control group (group C), with 30 cases in each group. Patients in groups B1 and B2 were given butorphanol 0.5 mg and 1.0 mg intravenously, respectively, prior to induction of anesthesia, while those in group C were given 0.9% sodium chloride injection. 3 minutes later, all patients in the three groups were given dexamethasone sodium phosphate injection 10 mg, and the incidence, grade and adverse reactions of their perineal discomfort symptoms were recorded.Results:The incidence of perineal discomfort and moderate perineal discomfort of patients in group B1 and group B2 was lower than that in group C: 20.00%(6/30)and 10.00%(3/30)vs. 60.00%(18/30), 3.33%(1/30)and 3.33(1/30)vs. 30.00%(10/30), with a statistically significant differences ( P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions such as dizziness was increased in the group B2:26.67%(8/30)and 10.00%(3/30)vs. 40.00%(12/30), with a statistically significant difference ( χ2 = 7.13, P = 0.028). Conclusions:Butorphanol 0.5 mg and 1.0 mg pretreatments are touted as effective in inhibiting perineal discomfort caused by intravenous injection of dexamethasone sodium phosphate. However, the butorphanol 0.5 mg pretreatment group have fewer adverse reactions.

Revisión bibliográfica: ecografía intraparto / Review: intrapartum ultrasound

The evaluation of labor is the clinical process by which variables are analyzed in order to determine whether the patient is in labor, which by definition includes regular uterine contractions that increase in frequency and intensity, associated with dilation cervical. This is done through the anamnesis and physical examination, specifically through the evaluation of contractions and vaginal examination, the latter is intended to specify the degree of dilation, cervical effacement that the patient presents and also allows to a certain degree, establish the presentation, attitude and variety of position in which the fetus is located. From this premise, it is proposed that vaginal examination, since it is operator dependent, is not an objective evaluation, therefore, there is a need to reach consensus on the evaluation, and in order to carry it out, evaluation with ultrasound is proposed, which has as a purpose to objectify the variety of position and presentation of the fetus. Due to the above, this article aims to capture the knowledge that is currently possessed about the uses and methodology that intrapartum ultrasound presents.

Desgarro perineal posparto y variables obstétricas y sociodemográficas en mujeres peruanas altoandinas

RESUMEN Fundamento: Un conjunto amplio de factores pueden verse asociados al desgarro perineal posparto. Su estudio y mejor conocimiento contribuyen al abordaje preciso y oportuno de las pacientes. Objetivo determinar el grado de asociación entre el desgarro perineal posparto y variables obstétricas y sociodemográficas en mujeres peruanas altoandinas. Métodos estudio descriptivo, con diseño de casos y controles, que incluyó a 171 madres con diagnóstico de desgarro perineal posparto (grupo de casos) y 200 sin esa patología (grupo control), atendidas en un centro de Salud altoandino, en Ayacucho, Perú. Se analizaron variables sociodemográficas y obstétricas. La asociación entre estas y el desgarro perineal fue estimada a través de la prueba Chi cuadrado de Pearson (IC 95 % y significancia estadística menor a 0,05). Resultados la frecuencia de desgarros perineales posparto eutócico representó el 46,1 %. Las infecciones del tracto urinario afectaron a mayor número de mujeres (37,7 %). Las variables asociadas al desgarro perineal fueron varias, con destaque del parto precipitado (OR=10,85; p=0,000) y el período intergenésico corto (OR=5,41; p=0,000). Conclusión el parto precipitado, el periodo intergenésico corto y las infecciones vaginales fueron las variables que más se asociaron al desgarro perineal posparto en mujeres altoandinas de la Región Ayacucho, Perú. Estos y otros de los factores que expresaron determinado riesgo pueden ser modificados mediante un acercamiento a la mujer desde la etapa preconcepcional.

ABSTRACT Background A wide set of factors can be associated with postpartum perineal tear. Their study and better knowledge contribute to the precise and timely approach of patients. Objective to determine the association degree between postpartum perineal obstetric tear and sociodemographic variables in high Andean Peruvian women. Methods a descriptive study, with a case-control design, which included 171 mothers with a diagnosis of postpartum perineal tear (case group) and 200 without this pathology (control group), treated at a high Andean health center in Ayacucho, Peru. Sociodemographic and obstetric variables were analyzed. The association between these and perineal tears was estimated using Pearson's Chi-square test (95% CI and statistical significance less than 0.05). Results the frequency of eutocic postpartum perineal tears represented 46.1%. Urinary tract infections affected a greater number of women (37.7%). The variables associated with perineal tear were several, with highlights being precipitous labor (OR=10.85; p=0.000) and short intergenic period (OR=5.41; p=0.000). Conclusion rapid labor, short intergenesic period and vaginal infections were the variables that were most associated with postpartum perineal tear in high Andean women from the Ayacucho Region, Peru. These and other factors that expressed certain risk can be modified by approaching women from the preconception stage.

Effect of interrupted suture and continuous suture on perineal rehabilitation of parturients: a Meta-analysis / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To explore the effect of perineal lateral incision and continuous suture of deep and superficial Ⅱdegree laceration on postoperative perineum rehabilitation of parturients.Methods:Randomized controlled trials of intervention effects on postoperative maternal wound rehabilitation using continuous sutures and interrupted sutures of mucosal, muscle, and skin layers after perineal lateral resection and Ⅱdegree lacerations were searched in Cochrane Library, PubMed, Medline, Embase, Science direct, China Biology Medicine, China National Knowledge Infrastructune, Wanfang Database, VIP Database. The retrieval time limit was from database establishment to October 1, 2020. using RevMan 5.3 software for statistical processing.Results:After searching and screening, 12 articles were finally included. The total sample size was 2 827 cases. After the two groups used different suture techniques, the results of Meta analysis showed that the pains ( MD=1.02, 95% CI=1.02-1.06), the suture time ( MD=-4.59, 95% CI=-7.29 - -1.91) and the healing condition ( MD=-0.55, 95% CI=-0.71 - -0.39) of the two groups were compared, the differences were significant (all P<0.01). Conclusions:In the suture of perineal lateral incision and Ⅱdegree laceration, continuous suture technique is used to suture the mucosal layer, muscle layer, and cortex, which can reduce the suture time, reduce the pain of the parturient, and is beneficial to the healing of the wound. It can be clinically based on the parturient. It can be used in accordance with the neatness and depth of the mouth and the needs of the parturient.

Value of transperineal ultrasound assessment of levator hiatal antero-posterior diameter changes in the prediction of pelvic floor dysfunction / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the value of transperineal ultrasound assessment of levator hiatal antero-posterior (LHap) diameter changes in the diagnosis of pelvic floor dysfunction.Methods:The clinical data of 246 patients with suspected pelvic floor dysfunction who received treatment in Yuyao People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province from October 2020 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. All these patients underwent clinical examination and modified Oxford score (MOS) evaluation. They were divided into observation group (low pelvic floor muscle contractility) and control group (normal pelvic floor muscle contractility) according to MOS. All patients were subjected to ultrasound examination and LHap diameter measurement under three conditions (at rest, pelvic floor muscle contraction, and maximal Valsalva maneuver). The percentage of shortening of LHap diameter (PDC%) and the percentage of elongation of LHap diameter (PIV%) were calculated. The differences of PDC% and PIV% were compared between the observation and control groups. The receiver operating curve was used to evaluate the values of PDC% and PIV% in the diagnosis of pelvic floor dysfunction.Results:Age, body mass index, the proportion of parturient women among included patients, and the proportion of patients who underwent vaginal delivery were significantly higher in the observation group than those in the control group (all P < 0.001). LHap diameters measured when patients were at rest, pelvic floor muscle contraction, and maximal Valsalva maneuver as well as PIV% in the observation group were (45.23 ± 5.74) mm], (37.71 ± 8.44) mm, (51.03 ± 7.41) mm and (11.42 ± 4.79)%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the control group [(41.78 ± 4.56) mm, (29.15 ± 4.64) mm, (44.28 ± 4.87) mm, (6.05 ± 2.13)%, t = -4.62, -8.29, -7.26, -9.36, all P < 0.001]. PDC% in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group [(17.52 ± 5.58)% vs. (32.19 ± 4.27)%, t = 20.39, P < 0.001]. MOS was positively correlated with PDC% ( r = 0.56, P < 0.001) and it was negatively correlated with PIV% ( r = -0.49, P < 0.001). Taking PDC% < 35.36% as the cut-off value, the area under the receiver operating curve was 0.85, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy values were 66.40%, 97.38%, and 73.90%, respectively. Taking PIV% > 5.18% as the cut-off value, the area under the curve was 0.70, and the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy values were 71.45%, 57.90% and 68.15%, respectively. When PDC% and PIV% were used together, the area under the curve was 0.73 and the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy values were 84.57%, 55.05% and 77.32%, respectively. Conclusion:Transperineal ultrasound assessment of LHap diameter changes are of certain value in the prediction of pelvic floor dysfunction and can provide objective and quantitative data support for clinicians to diagnose pelvic floor dysfunction. This study is highly innovative and scientific.

Anatomic and clinical application of lateral-perineal approach for inferior ramus of pubis-ischium ramus / 中华骨科杂志

Objective:To explore the anatomical and clinical effects of lateral-perineal approach in treating the fracture of inferior ramus of pubis-ischium ramus.Methods:The lateral approach of the perineum was simulated on 10 side of 5 intact wet adult cadavers to determine the surface symbols of incision design and to expose the operative field of the approach and to observe the anatomical characteristics of the perineal branch of the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve and the incision of the surgical approach. Five points were selected at the incision of the approach. The distance (L 1-L 5) between each point and the body surface projection of the perineal branch of the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve was measured. A total of 11 patients, including 5 males and 6 females with an average age of 41.55±14.32 years, ranging from 18 to 62 years, were treated by this approach in clinical practice. All patients had a reduction and fixation to the fracture of inferior ramus of pubis-ischium ramus. The operation duration, incision length, intraoperative blood loss and surgical complications were recorded. The quality of fracture reduction was evaluated according to Matta radiographic criteria. The strength of the adductor was measured. The pelvic function was evaluated according to Majeed Pelvic Score at the last follow-up. Results:Anatomical studies shown that the line between the two points. One point was 4 cm lateral to the level of the apex of the pubic arch. Another point was 4 cm from the ischial tubercle on the line from the ischial tuberosity to the point that 4 cm lateral to the level of the apex of the pubic arch was the axis of the approach lateral of the perineum. Anatomical studies showed that the lateral-perineal approach could expose the range from pubic symphysis to sciatic tuberculum. The distance between the points selected at the incision of the approach and the body surface projection of the perineal branch of the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve: L 1 was 19.40±1.17 mm, ranging from 18 to 21 mm; L 2 was 16.60±2.76 mm, ranging from 10 to 20 mm; L 3 was 18.30±1.89 mm, ranging from 16 to 21 mm; L 4 was 19.20±1.93 mm, ranging from 16 to 22 mm; L 5 was 14.70±1.83 mm, ranging from 13 to 18 mm. All patients were followed up for 17.91±4.09 months, ranging from 13 to 26 months. The incision length was 8.18±0.98 cm, ranging from 7 to 10 cm. The operation duration was 59.64±12.17 min, ranging from 43 to 85 min. The intraoperative blood loss was 100 ml, ranging from 50 to 130 ml. All incisions were healed in all patients. The fractures were healed in 13.36±2.06 weeks, ranging from 10 to 16 weeks. According to Matta radiographic criteria, the quality of fracture reduction was excellent in 6 cases, good in 4 cases and fair in 1 case. At the last follow-up, the adductor muscle strength reached grade 4 in 4 patients and grade 5 in 7 patients. Furthermore, according to the Majeed Pelvic Score, the score of every patient was 86.55±9.59, ranging from 66 to 100, and 8 cases were excellent, 3 cases were good at the last follow-up. The heterotopic ossification occurred in 2 patients, the pain during intercourse occurred in 2 patients. No patient had sensory disturbance or pain in the perineal area. Conclusion:A certain safe distance is between the lateral to the perineum and the perineal branch of the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve with limited risk of injuring posterior femoral cutaneous nerve via the lateral approach of the perineum. The advantages in treating the fracture of inferior ramus of pubis-ischium ramus by this approach have concealed incision, short operation duration and less bleeding with satisfied short-term clinical effects.

Clinical practice guideline for prevention and management of perineal tear during vaginal delivery / 中华围产医学杂志

Perineal tear is a common complication of vaginal delivery and will seriously affect the quality of life of these women, if is severe. Given to there was no evidence-based clinical guideline for the prevention and management of perineal tear in China, this evidence-based guideline was developed, based on the methods of WHO handbook for guideline development. Systematic reviews were conducted according to the Cochrane handbook and GRADE was used to assess the quality and certainty of the evidence. Detailed recommendations are provided for 19 clinical questions in the prevention and management of perineal laceration, aiming to guide clinical practice and improve the quality of life of this group of women.

Sarcoma de Kaposi anoperineal: uma rara apresentação / Perineal Kaposi's Sarcoma: a rare presentation

O sarcoma de Kaposi é uma neoplasia maligna associada à infecção pelo herpes vírus humano 8 em doentes imunossupressos. O sarcoma de Kaposi Epidêmico é o tipo epidemiológico mais frequente e afeta indivíduos VIH-positivos. A região anoperineal é raramente envolvida e as lesões suspeitas devem ser biopsiadas para confirmação histológica. A base do tratamento é a restauração imune do doente. Relatamos o caso de um jovem, com diagnóstico recente de infeção pelo VIH, sem tratamento, que foi admitido no serviço de infectologia apresentando sintomas constitucionais, adenomegalias inguinais e extensa lesão verrucosa e ulcerada na região anoperineal. As biópsias confirmaram o diagnóstico de sarcoma de Kaposi e o doente iniciou terapia antirretroviral e quimioterapia. Houve recuperação clínica, regressão das lesões e desaparecimento das adenomegalias. Este relato objetiva alertar as equipes médicas no sentido de se incluir o sarcoma de Kaposi no diagnóstico diferencial das lesões que afetam a região anoperineal.

Kaposi's sarcoma is a malignant neoplasm associated with human herpesvirus 8 infection in immunocompromised patients. Epidemic Kaposi's sarcoma is the most common epidemiological type and affects HIV-positive patients. Perineal involvement is rare, and suspicious lesions should be biopsied to confirm histological diagnosis. Treatment consists of restoring the patient's immune system. We report the case of a young patient recently diagnosed with HIV, without treatment, who was admitted to the Department of Infectious Diseases with nonspecific symptoms, inguinal lymphadenopathy, and an extensive verrucous ulcerated lesion in the perineal region. Biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of Kaposi's sarcoma, and the patient was started on antiretroviral therapy and chemotherapy. Clinical recovery was achieved, with lesion reduction and inguinal adenopathy resolution. This case report aims to encourage physicians to include Kaposi's sarcoma in the differential diagnosis of perineal lesions.

Massagem perineal pré-natal para prevenção do trauma: piloto de ensaio clínico randomizado / Masaje perineal prenatal para la prevención del trauma: piloto de ensayo clínico aleatorizado / Antenatal perineal massage for trauma prevention: a pilot randomized clinical trial

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar a adesão de gestantes e acompanhantes à realização da massagem perineal digital durante a gestação e seu efeito na prevenção do trauma perineal no parto e na redução de morbidade associada nos 45 e 90 dias pós-parto. Métodos Estudo piloto de ensaio clínico randomizado com 153 gestantes de risco habitual, 78 mulheres no grupo de intervenção realizaram a massagem perineal digital e 75 mulheres do grupo controle receberam os cuidados habituais. Para a análise do desfecho principal (trauma perineal) e dos desfechos secundários, permaneceram em cada grupo 44 mulheres que tiveram parto vaginal. A intervenção foi realizada pela gestante ou acompanhante de sua escolha, diariamente, a partir de 34 semanas de gestação, por 5 a 10 minutos. Resultados A massagem perineal foi fator de proteção para edema nos primeiros 10 dias pós-parto (RR 0,64 IC95%0,41-0,99) e perda involuntária de gases nos 45 dias pós-parto (RR0,57 IC95%0,38-0,86). O ajuste residual ≥ 2 observado na análise das condições do períneo pós-parto mostrou uma tendência das mulheres do grupo intervenção terem períneo íntegro. As mulheres e os acompanhantes que realizaram a massagem perineal aceitaram bem a prática, recomendariam e fariam novamente em futura gestação. Conclusão A massagem perineal digital realizada diariamente, a partir de 34 semanas de gestação, foi uma prática bem aceita pelas mulheres e acompanhantes deste estudo. Apesar de não proteger a mulher de trauma perineal, esta prática reduziu o risco de edema 10 dias pós-parto e incontinência de gases 45 dias pós-parto. Registro Brasileiro de ensaio clínico: RBR-4MSYDX

Resumen Objetivo Evaluar la participación de mujeres embarazadas y acompañantes en la realización del masaje digital perineal durante el embarazo y su efecto en la prevención del trauma perineal durante el parto y en la reducción de la morbilidad asociada con los 45 y 90 días post parto. Métodos Estudio piloto de ensayo clínico aleatorizado con 153 mujeres embarazadas con riesgo normal, 78 mujeres en el grupo de intervención realizaron el masaje digital perineal y 75 mujeres del grupo control recibieron los cuidados habituales. Para el análisis del desenlace principal (trauma perineal) y de los desenlaces secundarios, permanecieron en cada grupo 44 mujeres que tuvieron parto vaginal. La intervención la realizó la mujer embarazada o el acompañante por ella elegido, diariamente, a partir de las 34 semanas de embarazo, por 5 a 10 minutos. Resultados El masaje perineal fue factor de protección para el edema en los primeros 10 días postparto (RR 0,64 IC95%0,41-0,99) y la pérdida involuntaria de gases en los 45 días post parto (RR0,57 IC95%0,38-0,86). El ajuste residual ≥ 2 observado en el análisis de las condiciones del perineo postparto mostró una tendencia en las mujeres del grupo intervención a que tengan el perineo íntegro. Las mujeres y los acompañantes que realizaron el masaje perineal recibieron bien la práctica, la recomendarían y la harían nuevamente en un futuro embarazo. Conclusión El masaje digital perineal realizado diariamente, a partir de las 34 semanas de embarazo, fue una práctica bien recibida por las mujeres y acompañantes de este estudio. Pese a que no protege a la mujer de un trauma perineal, esta práctica redujo el riesgo de edema a los 10 días post parto y la incontinencia de gases 45 días post parto.

Abstract Objective To evaluate the adherence of pregnant women and companions to the performance of digital perineal massage during pregnancy and its effect on the prevention of perineal trauma during childbirth and on the reduction of associated morbidity at 45 and 90 days postpartum. Methods A pilot study of a randomized clinical trial with 153 normal risk pregnant women; 78 women in the intervention group underwent digital perineal massage and 75 women in the control group received usual care. For the analysis of the main outcome (perineal trauma) and secondary outcomes, 44 women who had vaginal delivery remained in each group. The intervention was performed daily by the pregnant woman or the companion of her choice from 34 weeks of gestation during 5-10 minutes. Results Perineal massage was a protective factor for edema in the first 10 days postpartum (RR 0.64 95%CI 0.41-0.99) and involuntary gas loss at 45 days postpartum (RR0.57 95%CI 0.38-0.86). The residual adjustment ≥ 2 observed in the analysis of perineal conditions postpartum showed a trend of women in the intervention group having an intact perineum. The women and companions who performed perineal massage accepted the practice well, recommended it and would do it again in a future pregnancy. Conclusion The digital perineal massage performed daily from 34 weeks of gestation was a practice well accepted by women of this study and their companions. Although not protecting women from perineal trauma, this practice reduced the risk of edema at 10 days postpartum and gas incontinence at 45 days postpartum. Brazilian Clinical Trial Registry: RBR-4MSYDX

Aplicabilidade de algoritmo de apoio à decisão na avaliação perineal para o parto / Aplicabilidad de algoritmo para respaldar la decisión en la evaluación perineal para el parto / Applicability of decision support algorithm in perineal assessment for childbirth

Resumo Objetivo Desenvolver um algoritmo para avaliação perineal na assistência ao parto e aferir sua aplicabilidade e acurácia utilizando um protótipo de sistema de suporte à decisão. Métodos Pesquisa aplicada de desenvolvimento tecnológico, constituída pela construção de algoritmo, avaliação por profissionais com expertise na área, criação de um protótipo de Sistema de Apoio à Decisão usando ferramentas on-line e avaliação de sua aplicabilidade e acurácia durante a assistência a 305 partos realizados por enfermeiros. Os dados foram analisados por estatística descritiva, teste Qui-quadrado e exato de Fisher além do coeficiente de Kappa para avaliar a concordância entre o procedimento indicado pelo sistema e o realizado pelo profissional. Resultados Houve concordância entre a sugestão do algoritmo e a decisão do profissional em 93,1% dos partos; em 6,9% o profissional decidiu caminhos opostos ao recomendado. Os profissionais que optaram por seguir a sugestão do algoritmo obtiveram como desfecho a integridade perineal ou a ocorrência de lacerações de 1°grau. Os que optaram por não seguir a recomendação houve ocorrência de lacerações de 2º ou 3º graus em 28,6% das parturientes. Já na análise de acurácia, o algoritmo sugeriu que a episiotomia deveria ser realizada em 45 dos 305 partos assistidos. Verificou-se associação entre divergências de conduta e número de eventos adversos (p=0,001). Conclusão O algoritmo mostrou-se ferramenta útil para a avaliação perineal na assistência ao parto.

Resumen Objetivo Desarrollar un algoritmo para la evaluación perineal en la asistencia al parto y determinar su aplicabilidad y precisión utilizando un prototipo de sistema para respaldar la decisión. Métodos Investigación aplicada de desarrollo tecnológico, constituida mediante la construcción del algoritmo, evaluación de profesionales con experiencia en el área, creación de un prototipo de Sistema para Respaldar la Decisión usando herramientas en línea y evaluación de su aplicabilidad y precisión durante la atención a 305 partos realizados por enfermeros. Los datos fueron analizados mediante estadística descriptiva, prueba χ2 de Pearson y prueba exacta de Fisher, además del coeficiente Kappa para evaluar la concordancia entre el procedimiento indicado por el sistema y el realizado por el profesional. Resultados Hubo concordancia entre la sugerencia del algoritmo y la decisión del profesional en el 93,1 % de los partos, en el 6,9 % el profesional decidió un camino opuesto al recomendado. Los profesionales que optaron por seguir la sugerencia del algoritmo obtuvieron como resultado la integridad perineal o episodios de desgarro de primer grado. Los que optaron por no seguir la recomendación, tuvieron episodios de desgarros de segundo y tercer grado en el 28,6 % de las parturientas. Por otro lado, en el análisis de precisión, el algoritmo sugirió que la episiotomía debería ser realizada en 45 de los 305 partos atendidos. Se verificó relación entre divergencias de conducta y número de eventos adversos (p=0,001). Conclusión El algoritmo demostró ser una herramienta útil para la evaluación perineal en la atención a partos.

Abstract Objective To develop an algorithm for perineal assessment in childbirth care and assess its applicability and accuracy using a decision support system prototype. Methods This is applied research of technological development, consisting of the construction of an algorithm, assessment by professionals with expertise in the area, creation of a Decision Support System prototype using online tools and assessment of its applicability and accuracy during care for 305 childbirths performed by nurses. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square and Fisher's exact tests, in addition to the Kappa coefficient to assess the agreement between the procedure indicated by the system and that performed by professionals. Results There was agreement between the algorithm's suggestion and professional decision in 93.1% of childbirths. In 6.9%, professionals decided opposite paths to the recommended one. The professionals who chose to follow the algorithm's suggestion had perineal integrity or the occurrence of first-degree tear as an outcome. Those who chose not to follow the recommendation had second- or third-degree tears in 28.6% of parturient women. In the accuracy analysis, the algorithm suggested that episiotomy should be performed in 45 of the 305 assisted childbirths. There was an association between divergences in conduct and the number of adverse events (p=0.001). Conclusion The algorithm proved to be a useful tool for perineal assessment in childbirth care.

Implementation of evidence-based practices in the perineal pain management in the postpartum period / Implementación de prácticas basadas en evidencias para manejar el dolor perineal durante el período posparto / Implementação de práticas baseadas em evidências no manejo da dor perineal no período pós-parto

ABSTRACT Objectives: To implement strategies for managing perineal pain in puerperal women admitted to a public maternity hospital in São Paulo state and to evaluate their compliance with evidence-based practices. Methods: Implementation study using the JBI model conducted with nursing professionals and puerperal women between September and December 2019. Interviews with puerperal women and medical record data were used to audit seven evidence-based criteria. The interventions adopted included a care protocol, professional training, and folder elaboration for puerperal women. Results: Prior to the intervention, deficits in audited practices and obstacles to pain management were identified, which were overcome by the strategies employed. The follow-up audit demonstrated improvements in compliance with best care practices. Conclusion: There was an increase in the criteria compliance evaluated after the implemented strategies, contributing to improving the nursing care results in the perineal pain management based on the best scientific evidence.

RESUMEN Objetivos: Implementar estrategias para manejar el dolor perineal en puérperas en una maternidad pública de São Paulo y evaluar su conformidad con prácticas basadas en evidencias. Métodos: Estudio de implementación realizado mediante el modelo JBI con profesionales de enfermería y puérperas, entre septiembre-diciembre de 2019. Se utilizaron entrevistas con puérperas y datos de registros hospitalarios para auditar siete criterios basados en evidencias. Las intervenciones fueron: protocolo de atención; capacitación de los profesionales; preparación de una carpeta para puérperas. Resultados: Antes de la intervención, se identificaron déficits en las prácticas y barreras en el manejo del dolor, que se superaron con las estrategias empleadas. La auditoría de seguimiento trajo mejoras en el cumplimiento de las prácticas de cuidado. Conclusiones: Hubo aumento en la conformidad de los criterios evaluados tras las estrategias implementadas, lo que contribuyó a mejorar la atención de enfermería en el manejo del dolor perineal basada en evidencias científicas.

RESUMO Objetivos: Implementar estratégias de manejo da dor perineal em puérperas internadas em uma maternidade pública do estado de São Paulo e avaliar sua conformidade com as práticas baseadas em evidências. Métodos: Estudo de implementação que utilizou o modelo do JBI, realizado com profissionais de enfermagem e puérperas, entre setembro e dezembro de 2019. Utilizaram-se entrevistas com puérperas e dados de prontuário para auditar sete critérios baseados em evidências. As intervenções adotadas foram um protocolo de cuidados, treinamento de profissionais e elaboração de folder para puérperas. Resultados: Antes da intervenção, identificaram-se déficits nas práticas auditadas e barreiras ao manejo da dor, que foram superadas pelas estratégias empregadas. A auditoria de seguimento demonstrou melhorias no cumprimento das melhores práticas de cuidado. Conclusões: Houve aumento da conformidade dos critérios avaliados após as estratégias implementadas, contribuindo para melhora dos resultados da assistência de enfermagem no manejo da dor perineal baseada nas melhores evidências científicas.

Integridade perineal em partos vaginais: fatores maternos, neonatais e relacionados à assistência / Perineal integrity in vaginal birth: maternal, neonatal and assistance related factors / Integridad perineal en partos vaginales: factores maternos, neonatales y relacionados com el cuidado

Objetivos: conhecer os fatores maternos e neonatais relacionados à integridade perineal e relacionar a preservação do períneo com o profissional que assiste ao parto. Método: estudo retrospectivo, descritivo, quantitativo, em prontuários de 292 mulheres que tiveram parto vaginal com períneo íntegro. Incluídas mulheres que tiveram parto vaginal com períneo íntegro, de feto termo, único ou múltiplo, iniciado espontaneamente ou induzido, instrumentalizado ou não, independente de risco obstétrico. Utilizadas as variáveis: raça, idade materna, idade gestacional, paridade, número de fetos, uso de ocitocina na condução do trabalho de parto, uso de analgesia, trabalho de parto espontâneo ou induzido, apresentação e peso do recém-nascido ao nascer, posição materna no expulsivo e profissional que assistiu ao parto. Resultados: a maioria das mulheres com períneos íntegros eram pardas, multíparas com partos espontâneos; taxa de ocitocina e analgesia foi de 11,6% e 19,9%, respectivamente; o peso médio dos recém-nascidos foi de 3176g e a Enfermagem Obstétrica esteve presente em mais de 90% dos partos. Conclusão: a raça e a multiparidade permaneceram como fatores protetores de lacerações perineais, enquanto outras variáveis precisam de mais estudos para determinar seu papel na integridade perineal. A Enfermagem Obstétrica se manteve como indicadora de boas práticas ao parto e nascimento. (AU)

Objective: Knowing the maternal and neonatal factors related to perineal integrity and relating perineal integrity to the professional attending the delivery. Methods: Retrospective, descriptive, quantitative study on medical records of 292 women who had vaginal delivery with intact perineum. Including women who had a vaginal delivery with intact perineum, full-term fetus, single or multiple, started spontaneously or induced, instrumentalized or not, regardless of obstetric risk. The variables used were race, maternal age, gestational age, parity, number of fetuses, use of oxytocin in conducting labor, use of analgesia, spontaneous or induced labor, presentation and weight of the newborn at birth, maternal position in the expulsive and professional who attended the birth. Results: The majority of women with intact perineum were brown, multiparous with spontaneous births; oxytocin and analgesia rate was 11,6% and 19,9%, respectively; the average weight of newborns was 3176g and obstetric nursing was present in more than 90% of deliveries. Conclusion: Race and multiparity remained as protective factors against perineal lacerations, while other variables need further studies to determine their role in perineal integrity. Obstetric Nursing has remained an indicator of good practices in childbirth and birth. (AU)

Objetivo: Conocer los factores maternos y neonatales relacionados con la integridad perineal y relacionar la preservación del perineo con el profesional que asiste al parto. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo y cuantitativo sobre historias clínicas de 292 mujeres que tuvieron parto vaginal con perineo intacto. Incluidas las mujeres que tuvieron un parto vaginal con perineo intacto, feto a término, único o múltiple, iniciado espontáneamente o inducido, instrumentalizado o no, independientemente del riesgo obstétrico. Las variables utilizadas fueron: raza, edad materna, edad gestacional, paridad, número de fetos, uso de oxitocina en la realización del trabajo de parto, uso de analgesia, trabajo de parto espontáneo o inducido, presentación y peso del recién nacido al nacer, posición materna en los expulsivos y profesionales que asistieron al parto. Resultados: La mayoría de las mujeres con perineo sano eran pardas, multíparas con partos espontáneos; la tasa de oxitocina y analgesia fue de 11,6% y 19,9%, respectivamente; el peso promedio de los recién nacidos fue de 3176 gy la enfermería obstétrica estuvo presente en más del 90% de los partos. Conclusión: La raza y la multiparidad se mantuvieron como factores protectores contra las laceraciones perineales, mientras que otras variables necesitan más estudios para determinar su papel en la integridad perineal. La enfermería obstétrica se ha mantenido como un indicador de buenas prácticas en el parto y el parto. (AU)