Reverse partial pulmonary resection: a new surgical approach for pediatric pulmonary cysts / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the safety and efficacy of reverse partial lung resection for treatment of pediatric pulmonary cysts combined with lung abscesses or thoracic abscess.@*METHODS@#We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of children undergoing reverse partial lung resection for complex pulmonary cysts in our hospital between June, 2020 and June, 2021.During the surgery, the patients lay in a lateral position, and a 3-5 cm intercostal incision was made at the center of the lesion, through which the pleura was incised and the fluid or necrotic tissues were removed.The anesthesiologist was instructed to aspirate the sputum in the trachea to prevent entry of the necrotic tissues in the trachea.The cystic lung tissue was separated till reaching normal lung tissue on the hilar side.The proximal end of the striated tissue in the lesion was first double ligated with No.4 silk thread, the distal end was disconnected, and the proximal end was reinforced with continuous sutures with 4-0 Prolene thread.The compromised lung tissues were separated, and the thoracic cavity was thoroughly flushed followed by pulmonary inflation, air leakage management and incision suture.@*RESULTS@#Sixteen children aged from 3 day to 2 years underwent the surgery, including 3 with simple pulmonary cysts, 11 with pulmonary cysts combined with pulmonary or thoracic abscess, 1 with pulmonary cysts combined with tension pneumothorax and left upper lung bronchial defect, and 1 with pulmonary herpes combined with brain tissue heterotaxy.All the operations were completed smoothly, with a mean operation time of 129 min, an mean hospital stay of 11 days, and a mean drainage removal time of 7 days.All the children recovered well after the operation, and 11 of them had mild air leakage.None of the children had serious complications or residual lesions or experienced recurrence of infection after the operation.@*CONCLUSION@#Reverse partial lung resection is safe and less invasive for treatment of complex pediatric pulmonary cysts complicated by infections.

Secondary infection of traumatic pulmonary cyst misdiagnosed as cholesterol encapsulated pleural effusion:a rare case and review of literature / 中南大学学报(医学版)

Pulmonary cyst is a relatively common benign lesion.It is easy to be misdiagnosed when the cyst complicated with infection.Tnis paper reported a case of a giant traumatic pulmonary cyst (diameter 10 cm) combined with chronic infection.Firstly,the patient was diagnosed as cholesterol pleurisy after undergoing thoracoscopic biopsy.With repeated pleural effusion,the patient was scheduled for right anterolateral thoracotomy,which showed a thin-walled cyst (10 cm in diameter) attached to parietal and diaphragm,with the stem of cavity originated from the right lower lobe after the cyst cavity was dissociated.Pathological examination revealed that it was apseudocyst,which could be diagnosed as traumatic pulmonary cyst combined with chronic infection according to history of trauma.After undergoing right lower lobectomy and stripping of fiberboard,the prognosis was good.Traumatic pulmonary cyst,which was discovered interval 10 years after chest trauma,was rare.Traumatic pulmonary cyst combined with cholesterol cystic fluid was very rare.Huge pulmonary cyst complicated with infection was easily misdiagnosed as loculated pleural effusion.Therefore,to be correct diagnosis and treatment,clinician must carefully ask medical history.In addition,early image examination should be considered in those patients with chest trauma whether there are clinical symptoms or not.

Malformación congénita de la vía aérea pulmonar / Congenital pulmonary airway malformation

La malformación congénita de la vía aérea pulmonar, anteriormente llamada malformación adenomatoidea quística pulmonar, es una rara anormalidad en el desarrollo de las vías respiratorias terminales. Las lesiones son de distribución y tamaños variables, usualmente unilaterales. El diagnóstico puede realizarse desde el periodo prenatal mediante ecografía gestacional, encontrándose en ocasiones, graves repercusiones fetales como hidrops fetal, el cual es el mayor predictor de muerte. En los recién nacidos la enfermedad se manifiesta con dificultad respiratoria aguda; en los niños y adultos con infecciones pulmonares recurrentes y complicaciones como absceso pulmonar, hemoptisis, neumotórax y manifestaciones extrapulmonares. En pacientes sintomáticos está indicado el tratamiento quirúrgico para prevenir infecciones y la transformación neoplásica; sin embargo, sigue siendo controversial el tratamiento profiláctico frente al tratamiento expectante en pacientes asintomáticos. Se presenta el caso de una paciente femenina de cuatro años de edad con infecciones pulmonares recurrentes; las radiografías de tórax y la tomografía pulmonar sugieren malformación adenomatoidea quística, la cual es confirmada posteriormente por estudio patológico.

Congenital pulmonary airway malformation, previously known as congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation, is a rare developmental anomaly of the terminal respiratory structures. Cysts can vary in size, distribution, and are most commonly unilateral. The diagnosis can be made prenatally using ultrasound scanning; the fetal lesions can be associated with hydrops fetalis, which is the major predictor of death. In newborns, it manifests as acute respiratory distress, in children and adults, manifestations include recurrent lung infections, with complications such as lung abscess, hemoptysis, pneumothorax and extrapulmonary anomalies. Surgical treatment is indicated in symptomatic patients to prevent infections and the potential neoplastic transformation, however prophylactic surgery versus expectant treatment remains controversial in asymptomatic patients. We present a 4 year old female patient with recurrent pulmonary infections whose thoracic x-ray and pulmonary computed axial tomography suggests cystic adenomatoid malformation, subsequently confirmed by pathological study.

Two Cases of Birt-Hogg-Dube Syndrome with Pulmonary Cysts / 대한내과학회지

Birt-Hogg-Dube (BHD) syndrome is a rare autosomal-dominant disease caused by germline folliculin (FLCN) mutations, characterized by fibrofolliculoma or trichodiscoma, renal tumors, and multiple lung cysts with or without spontaneous pneumothorax. Here, we report two cases of BHD syndrome that presented with bilateral pulmonary cysts. One patient was a 39-year-old woman who had a history of pneumothorax, multiple papules on her cheeks, and a family history of the same skin lesions and renal cell carcinoma in her father. BHD syndrome was confirmed by molecular tests that revealed a missense mutation in FLCN gene (exon 4, c.31T > C). The other patient was a 56-year-old man who showed FCLN gene polymorphism and typical radiopathological features of multiple cysts in the lung, but apparently no other manifestation.

Bilateral Pulmonary Cyst in a Child.

A four year old male child presented with history of cough for last six months. Chest skiagram and CT scan of mediastinum revealed bilateral pulmonary hydatid cyst. Serology did authenticate diagnosis. The child was prescribed albendazole for 6 months and was advised to come for follow up. The case of bilateral pulmonary hydatid cyst is being presentated because of rarity.