Correlation analysis between the expressions of HER2 and CA153 and the VTIQ technical parameter in patients with breast cancer / 中国医学装备

Objective:To analyze the correlation between the expressions of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)and carbohydrate antigen 153(CA153)and the technical parameter of acoustic palpation tissue imaging quantification(VTIQ)in patients with breast cancer.Methods:A total of 80 female patients with breast cancer admitted to The Third People's Hospital of Hefei from May 2018 to May 2020 were selected,including 14 cases at WHO stage Ⅰ,22 cases at WHO stage Ⅱ,31 cases at WHO stage Ⅲ and 13 cases at WHO stage Ⅳ.Another 53 female patients with benign breast diseases who were treated during the same period were selected as controls.At first,all patients underwent routine ultrasound examination,and then they entered the ultrasound VTIQ imaging mode to obtain the mean value of shear wave velocity(SWV).An immunohistochemistry was used to detect HER2 expressions in breast tissues,and Roche E411 electrochemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer was used to detect serum CA153 levels of them.Pearson method was used to analyze the correlation between serum CA153 levels and SWV mean values in patients with breast cancer.Results:Compared with benign patients,the SWV mean value of VTIQ technical parameter,serum CA153 level and HRR2 positive expression rate in patients with breast cancer were significantly higher,and the difference was statistically significant(F=39.107,78.353,P<0.05),respectively.Compared with patients at stages Ⅰ + Ⅱ of breast cancer,the SWV mean value of VTIQ technical parameter,serum CA153 level and HRR2 positive expression rate of patients at stages Ⅲ and Ⅳ of breast cancer significantly increased(t=2.685,3.556,8.326,10.455,P<0.05),respectively.Compared with patients at stage Ⅲ of breast cancer,the SWV mean value of VTIQ technical parameters,serum CA153 level and HRR2 positive expression rate of patients at Ⅳ stage of breast cancer were significantly higher(t=4.632,8.659,P<0.05),respectively.Compared with the SWV mean value of patients with HER2 negative expression of breast cancer,that of patients with HER2 positive expression of breast cancer was significantly higher(x2=59.751,P<0.05).There was a positive correlation between serum CA153 levels and SWV mean values in patients with breast cancer(r=0.501,P<0.05).Conclusion:The SWV mean value of VTIQ parameters is closely related to the expression levels of biomarkers HER2 and CA153 in patients with breast cancer.

Assessment of the correlation between liver stiffness and pathological changes in Thioacetamide-induced acute hepatitis rat models using virtual touch tissue imaging quantification technology / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective:To investigate the correlation between liver stiffness and histopathological changes in a rat model of acute hepatitis using virtual touch tissue imaging quantification (VTIQ) technology.Methods:A total of 100 SPF-grade SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control ( n=30), low-dose ( n=35), and high-dose ( n=35) groups. Acute hepatitis models were induced in the low-dose and high-dose groups using 400 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg of Thioacetamide (TAA), respectively. Liver stiffness parameters of the right median lobe and right lobe were measured using VTIQ technology, Mean-H and Mean-L represent the liver lobes with higher and lower liver stiffness measurments, respectively, while Mean represent the average of the measurements from both liver lobes. Comparative analyses of liver stiffness parameters were performed across three groups and between the two lobes of the liver. The correlations between the Mean values of liver stiffness and semi-quantitative histopathological data were investigated. Ten rats were randomly selected from each of the 3 groups to test the repeatability of VTIQ values before and after euthanasia with intraperitoneal anesthesia. Subsequently, 10 rats after euthanasia from each 3 group were randomly chosen to assess the repeatability of VTIQ measurements for inter-observer and intra-observer variabilities. Results:VTIQ results showed statistically significant differences in Mean, Mean-H, and Mean-L among the 3 groups (all P<0.01). The high-dose group had higher measurements compared to the low-dose and control groups, with significant intergroup differences (all P<0.01). Significant differences in Mean-H and Mean-L were observed between the two liver lobes in both low and high-dose groups (all P<0.01). The Mean value showed significant positive correlations with semi-quantitative histopathological data of hepatocellular edema, periportal inflammatory cell infiltration, macrophage proliferation, and bile duct proliferation ( r=0.391, 0.648, 0.577, 0.542; all P<0.01). Multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that hepatocellular edema, eosinophilic change, and bile duct proliferation significantly and positively predicted the Mean value (β=-0.278, -0.196, -0.333; all P<0.05). There were no significant differences of VTIQ measurements befor and after euthanasia (all P>0.05), with repeatability coefficients of 0.166, 0.182, 0.185 for Mean, Mean-H, and Mean-L, respectively. Post-euthanasia, inter- and intra-observer VTIQ differences remained non-significant (all P>0.05), with Mean, Mean-H, Mean-L coefficients of 0.114, 0.194, 0.165 and 0.206, 0.322, 0.268, respectively. Conclusions:VTIQ technology demonstrates potential clinical value in assessing a rat model of acute hepatitis, offering a new perspective for non-invasive evaluation of acute hepatitis. However, its clinical application requires further validation.

Quantitative evaluation of gender differences in supraclavicular fat related to fat metabolism with IDEAL-IQ in healthy young adults / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To evaluate the gender differences in fat water fraction(FWF)related to fat metabolism in supraclavicular region of neck with iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least square estimation iron quantification(IDEAL-IQ)sequence quantitatively.Methods Twenty healthy female and twenty healthy male volunteers were selected for a MRI examination with IDEAL-IQ,then the FWF of R2*,brown adipose tissue(BAT)and white adipose tissue(WAT)were obtained by post-processing.The differences of FWF between the two groups were compared by Mann-Whitney U test.Results There was sig-nificant difference in the FWF of BAT and WAT between the two groups(P＜0.05).The FWF of BAT in the female was higher than that the male,and the FWF of WAT in the male was higher than that the female,there was no significant difference in the R2*between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion IDEAL-IQ sequence can be used to evaluate the FWF in supraclavicular region of neck quantitatively,and classify BAT and WAT,then provide clinical according to the quantitative study of fat content.

Quantitative research on China's disability rehabilitation policy using policy modeling consistency index model / 中国康复理论与实践

ObjectiveTo quantitatively analyze and evaluate the content of rehabilitation policy for people with disabilities in China. MethodsThis study focused on ten national policies of disability rehabilitation issued from 2021 to 2023. It employed text mining techniques to process policy texts and constructed a policy modeling consistency index model for disability rehabilitation policies in China. The relevant policies were evaluated and analyzed quantitatively. ResultsThe disability rehabilitation policies in China were relatively comprehensive in terms of policy transparency, operational mechanisms and policy nature. However, there was still a need for optimization in terms of policy perspectives, target groups, incentive mechanisms, and other aspects. ConclusionThe overall quality of disability rehabilitation policy texts at the national level in China is relatively good. There is a need to further enhance the predictability of policy objectives, clarify the responsibilities and division of labor among various departments, and improve policy incentive mechanisms in future policy formulation, which will further refine China's disability rehabilitation policy system and contribute to high-quality development of the disability cause.

Diagnostic value of pulmonary embolism volumein identifying mild-to-high-risk acute pulmonary embolism based on quantitative CT / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective To investigate the value of computer-assisted quantification of pulmonary embolism volume(PEV)in identifying mild-to-high-risk acute pulmonary embolism(APE).Methods We retrospectively enrolled 143 patients with suspected APE confirmed by computed tomography pulmonary angiography(CTPA)at Yan'an University Affiliated Hospital from January 2017 to December 2020.According to the 2018 Chinese Guidelines for Diagnosis,Treatment and Prevention of Pulmonary Thromboembolism,all the patients were divided into low-risk group(n=88)and mild-to-high-risk group(n=55).We collected the patients'basic demographic data,clinical manifestations,and serum levels of N-terminal-B type natriuretic peptide precursor(NT-proBNP)and D-dimer.Based on CTPA images,the degree of pulmonary thromboembolism was artificially evaluated to obtain the pulmonary artery occlusion index(PAOI).The thrombus was segmented using the pulmonary embolism detection tool based on digital lung,and PEV was calculated.We compared the differences in clinical and laboratory indicators and PAOI and PEV between the two risk groups.We analyzed the value of PAOI and PEV in identifying mild-to-high-risk APE using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves,and used Logistic regression analysis to identify independent risk factors in predicting mild-to-high-risk APE.Different models were established.Results Compared with the low-risk group,APE patients in the mild-to-high-risk group were older(P＜0.05),had lower diastolic blood pressure(P＜0.05),higher levels of D-dimer and NT-proBNP(P＜0.05),lower levels of platelet count,arterial oxygen partial pressure and arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure(P＜0.05),and higher levels of PAOI and PEV(P＜0.001).ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve for PEV in identifying mild-to-high-risk APE was 0.809(95％CI:0.734-0.884),while that for PAOI was 0.753(95％CI:0.667-0.839).Logistic regression analysis showed that PEV and NT-proBNP were independent risk factors for mild-to-high-risk APE(P＜0.05).Conclusion PEV and NT-proBNP are independent risk factors for mild-to-high-risk APE.

Recurrent Quantification Analysis Based Study of Wide-Field Calcium Imaging Data in Relation to Brain's Wake/Sleep Condition

Wide-Field Calcium Images (WFCI) directly reflect neuronal excitation, but their poor frame rate could be a drawback for time series analysis. This work was aimed at exploring the diagnostic capability retained by a time series obtained from calcium imaging data. To that purpose, we analyzed publicly available data from 2.88 hour continuous recordings of calcium images obtained from seven mice at different wake/sleep stages. Data were obtained from the Physionet portal and were submitted to Recurrence Quantification Analysis (RQA). The association between retrosplenial and parietal areas was also assessed. Nonlinear RQA analysis allowed to identify the right retrosplenial and parietal areas as particularly sensitive to changes in sleep walking condition. Specifically, our results suggested that the RQA feature lmean decreases in non-REM sleep_1 stage as compared to waking stage. Sleep (both sleep_1 stage and REM) apparently elicits an increase in the association between retrosplenial and parietal areas. Overall, these results suggest that RQA and association analysis are appropriate to assess modifications associated to changes in brain condition, in spite of the low sampling rate of WFCI signals.

Las Imágenes de Calcio de Campo Ancho (Wide-Field Calcium Images, WFCI) reflejan directamente la excitación neuronal, pero su escasa resolución temporal pudiera resultar un impedimento para el análisis de series temporales. El presente trabajo tuvo por finalidad explorar la capacidad diagnostica que retiene una serie temporal extraída de imágenes de calcio. Para ello, se estudió una base de datos disponible en la red que contiene registros de 2.88 horas de duración de imágenes de calcio correspondientes a 7 ratones transgénicos a diferentes estadios de sueño/vigilia. Los datos fueron descargados del portal Physionet y sometidos a Análisis de Cuantificación Recurrente (Recurrent Quantification Analysis, RQA). La asociación entre las áreas retrosplenial y parietal derechas fue también evaluada. El análisis no lineal mediante RQA permitió identificar las áreas retrosplenial y parietal derechas como zonas particularmente sensibles a cambios en el estado de sueño/vigilia. Específicamente, nuestros resultados sugieren que el índice l mean se redujo en el estadio 1 de sueño no REM en comparación con el estado de vigilia. El estado de sueño, tanto REM como no-REM aparentemente induce un reforzamiento en la apreciación entre las áreas retrosplenial y parietal derechas. En su conjunto, estos resultados apuntan que el análisis de RQA y de asociación entre áreas son pertinentes para sensar las modificaciones asociadas a cambios en el estado del cerebro, a pesar de la baja resolución temporal de las señales WFCI.

Efficacy of fixed duration multidrug therapy for the treatment of multibacillary leprosy: A prospective observational study from Northern India

Background: In endemic regions of several countries, the prevalence of leprosy has not come down to the level of elimination. On the contrary, new cases are being detected in large numbers. Clinically, it is frequently noted that despite completion of multibacillary multidrug therapy for 12 months, the lesions remain active, especially in cases with high bacteriological indices. Aim: The present study focused on finding out the viable number of Mycobacterium leprae during the 12-month regimen of multibacillary multidrug therapy, at six and 12 months intervals and, attempting to determine their role in disease transmission. Methods: Seventy eight cases of multibacillary leprosy cases were recruited from leprosy patients registered at The Leprosy Mission hospitals at Shahdara (Delhi), Naini (Uttar Pradesh) and Champa (Chhattisgarh), respectively. Slit skin smears were collected from these patients which were transported to the laboratory for further processing. Ribonucleic acid was extracted by TRIzol method. Total Ribonucleic acid was used for real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (two-step reactions). A standard sample with a known copy number was run along with unknown samples for a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Patients were further assessed for their clinical and molecular parameters during 6th month and 12th month of therapy. Results: All 78 new cases showed the presence of a viable load of bacilli at the time of recruitment, but we were able to follow up only on 36 of these patients for one year. Among these, using three different genes, 20/36 for esxA, 22/36 for hsp18 and 24/36 for 16S rRNA cases showed viability of M. leprae at the time of completion of 12 months of multidrug therapy treatment. All these positive patients were histopathologically active and had bacillary indexes ranging between 3+ and 4+. Patients with a high copy number of the Mycobacterium leprae gene, even after completion of treatment as per WHO recommended fixed-dose multidrug therapy, indicated the presence of live bacilli. Limitations: Follow up for one year was difficult, especially in Delhi because of the migratory nature of the population. Patients who defaulted for scheduled sampling were not included in the study. Conclusion: The presence of a viable load of bacilli even after completion of therapy may be one of the reasons for relapse and continued transmission of leprosy in the community

GC-FID guided Identification and Quantification of detectable Phytochemicals in selected Commercial Chamomile Herbal Tea

Background and objective: Phytochemicals are plant-based bioactive ingredients found in tea, fruits, and vegetables with multiple health benefits. This study aimed to identify and quantify the detectable phytochemicals in selected products of chamomile herbal tea (CHT) using the Gas Chromatography - Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID) approach. Methods: Selected CHTs were coded as CHT-A to CHT-G. CHT-F was crude and unbranded however, CHT-G was an oil extract of CHT. Ethanolic extracts of CHT were analysed and quantified for their phytoconstituents using the GC-FID method. Results: Phytochemicals detected in their order of abundance in most CHTs were flavonoids > glycosides > alkaloids > steroids > anti-nutrients > saponins > tannins > resveratrol. The flavonoids comprised rutin > flavanone > flavone > anthocyanin > epicatechin > kaempferol > naringenin > proanthocyanin, etc. where the glycosides found in each CHT involved cardiac and cyanogenic glycosides. Alkaloids were highest in CHT-A as ribalinidine > spartein > lunamarin with ephedrine detected just in CHT-B, CHT-C, CHT-D, CHT-E and CHT-F. Saponins occurred in four samples mainly as sapogenin. Anti-nutrients were detected in each CHT and included the phytates and oxalates. Resveratrol was detected in three samples only. Conclusion: Most of the CHTs evaluated showed the presence of flavonoids, glycosides, alkaloids, steroids, anti-nutrients, saponins, tannins and resveratrol.

iTRAQ-based Proteomic Analysis of Serum Differential Proteins from Henoch-Schönlein Purpura Patients Before and After Qishun Baolier Treatment / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveHenoch-Schönlein purpura（HSP） is one of the dominant diseases in Mongolian medicine. Qishun Baolier（QSBLE）， as the main prescription for the treatment of HSP， has significant clinical effect， but its mechanism is not yet clear. Baed on this， this study is intended to screen the differentially expressed proteins before and after treatment， and preliminarily explore the molecular mechanism of QSBLE in the treatment of HSP. MethodTaking oneself as the control， 30 HSP patients aged 6-45 years were collected， and QSBLE was taken orally at 12：00 and 24：00， respectively. The dose was adjusted according to age and the course of treatment was one week. The distribution of proteinuria， hematuria and skin purpura of all patients were determined before and after treatment. The serum samples of 10 patients with clinically significant remission after QSBLE treatment were randomly selected for proteomics. Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification（iTRAQ） combined with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry（LC-MS/MS） was used to analyze the proteins in serum of HSP patients before and after treatment， and differential proteins were analyzed bioinformatically and the protein-protein interaction（PPI） networks were constructed. ResultA total of 378 proteins were identified from serum， including 18 differentially expressed proteins， of which 15 proteins were up-regulated and 3 proteins were down regulated. Bioinformatics showed that the differential proteins were mainly involved in biological processes such as immune response， immunoglobulin production， phagocytosis， adaptive immune response before and after treatment. Biological processes， pathways and proteins were used to construct the PPI network， the proteins represented by immunoglobulin heavy constant γ1（IGHG1）， immunoglobulin λ-chain 7-43（IGLV7-43）， gelsolin（GSN） and 60 kDa heat shock protein（HSPD1） were involved in biological processes and related pathways such as adaptive immune response， immunoglobulin production， leukocyte-mediated immunity， regulation of stress response， regulation of immune system processes， regulation of trauma response， and these proteins were at the center of the PPI network. ConclusionQSBLE may play a role in the treatment of HSP by regulating the expression of IGHG1， IGLV7-43， GSN， HSPD1 and other key proteins to affect immune-related biological processes.

Simultaneously quantitative analysis of 35 components in gualoupi injection using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry / 药学学报

A hydrophilic interaction chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method was developed for simultaneous quantification of 35 components in gualoupi injection. The analytes were separated with an ACQUITY XBridge Amide column using 20 mmol·L-1 ammonium formate aqueous solution (pH 3.0) as mobile phase A and 20 mmol·L-1 ammonium formate (pH 3.0)∶acetonitrile (1∶9) as mobile phase B for gradient elution. Mass spectrometry with dynamic multiple reaction monitoring and external standard method were used for quantitative analysis. A total of 35 components were determined in 10 batches of gualoupi injection. The results showed that the 35 compounds had a good linear relationship within their respective concentration ranges with the correlation coefficients (R2 > 0.998 0), the recoveries ranged from 76.6% to 118.5%. The results showed that γ-aminobutyric acid, trigonelline, alanine, threonine, homoserine, citrulline, and leucine were abundant in gualoupi injection, while nicotinamide, methylsuccinic acid, cytosine and choline account for a low percentege. The present study provides an important reference for elucidation of the effective material basis and the improvement of quality standard of gualoupi injection.

Discrimination of different processing degrees and quantitative study of processing end point of vinegar-processing Cyperi Rhizoma pieces based on electronic sensory technology / 中国中药杂志

In this study, CM-5 spectrophotometer and Heracles NEO ultra-fast gas-phase electronic nose were used to analyze the changes in color and odor of vinegar-processed Cyperi Rhizoma(VPCR) pieces. Various analysis methods such as DFA and partial least squares discriminant analysis(PLS-DA) were combined to identify different processing degrees and quantify the end point of processing. The results showed that with the increase in vinegar processing, the brightness parameter L~* of VPCR pieces decreased gradua-lly, while the red-green value a~* and yellow-blue value b~* initially increased and reached their maximum at 8 min of processing, followed by a gradual decrease. A discriminant model based on the color parameters L~*, a~*, and b~* was established(with a discrimination accuracy of 98.5%), which effectively differentiated different degrees of VPCR pieces. Using the electronic nose, 26 odor components were identified from VPCR samples at different degrees of vinegar processing. DFA and PLS-DA models were established for different degrees of VPCR pieces. The results showed that the 8-min processed samples were significantly distinct from other samples. Based on variable importance in projection(VIP) value greater than 1, 10 odor components, including 3-methylfuran, 2-methylbuty-raldehyde, 2-methylpropionic acid, furfural, and α-pinene, were selected as odor markers for differentiating the degrees of vinegar processing in VPCR. By combining the changes in color and the characteristic odor components, the optimal processing time for VPCR was determined to be 8 min. This study provided a scientific basis for the standardization of vinegar processing techniques for VPCR and the improvement of its quality standards and also offered new methods and ideas for the rapid identification and quality control of the end point of processing for other traditional Chinese medicine.

Application research of MR quantitative analysis in the relationships between LFF and the NAFLD,and between PFF and the NAFLD / 中国医学装备

Objective:To explore the application of magnetic resonance(MR)quantitative analysis technique of fat in analyzing the relationships between liver fat fraction(LFF)and pancreatic fat fraction(PFF)and the severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),and between them and liver function.Methods:A total of 185 patients who received MR whole-liver mDIXON sequence scan were selected,and their LFF and PFF were measured.They were divided into NAFLD group(160 cases)and control group(25 cases)according to the fat fraction(FF)of liver.The body mass index(BMI),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),triglycerides(TG),fasting blood glucose(FBG),low-density lipoprotein(LDL-c),high-density lipoprotein(HDL-c),LFF and PFF between two groups were compared.Spearman analysis method was adopted to analyze the correlation between LFF and various indicators,and between PFF and various indicators.Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of NAFLD severity.Results:In 160 patients of NAFLD group,72 cases were mild degree(LFF WAS 5.1%-14.0%),and 76 cases were moderate degree(LFF was 14.1%-28.0%),and 12 cases were severe degree(LFF>28.0%).There were significant differences in LFF,PFF and BMI between NAFLD group and control group(tLFF=17.259,tPFF=9.058,tBMI=7.430,P<0.05),and the differences of ALT,TG,FBG,LDL-c and HDL-c between two groups also were significant(t=6.591,t=3.957,t=3.267,t=2.112,t=-3.727,P<0.05),respectively.There were significant differences in LFF,PFF,BMI,ALT,TG,FBG,LDL-c and HDL-c among mild group,moderate group and severe group of patients(F=21.944,F=16.391,F=5.872,F=30.240,F=3.984,F=3.863,F=3.398,F=1.214,P<0.05),respectively.BMI,ALT,TG and FBG appeared positive correlation with LFF and PFF of NAFLD patients(r=0.31,r=0.52,r=0.33,r=0.35,r=0.30,r=0.36,r=0.27,r=0.29,P<0.05),and HDL-c appeared negative correlation with them(r=-0.16,r=-0.3,P<0.05),respectively.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that HDL-c was an independent protective factor of the severity of NAFLD(OR=0.004,P<0.05),and LFF,PFF,BMI,ALT,TG,LDL were independent risk factors of the severity of NAFLD(OR=2.252,OR=1.988,OR=1.404,OR=1.196,OR=1.025,OR=5.150,P<0.05),respectively.Conclusion:LFF and PFF are closely related to the severity of NAFLD and the indicators of liver function,and the increases of LFF and PFF are independent risk factors of the aggravation of NAFLD.The MR quantitative analyses of LFF and PFF values have a certain guiding significance in clinical monitoring for NAFLD severity and liver function.

Application research of fetal HQ in the systolic function of 24 segments in dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the systolic function of 24 segments in dichorionic diamniotic (DCDA) twin pregnancy by fetal heart qualification (fetal HQ) analysis, and to compare the difference with singleton pregnancies.Methods:Thirty-one cases of DCDA twin pregnancy (observation group) and 100 cases of singleton pregnancy (control group) matched in gestational age were enrolled. They underwent perinatal health care in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from February 2022 to February 2023.Fetal HQ was applied to track endocardial motion trajectories and automatically calculate the global strain (GS), fractional area change (FAC) and fractional shortening (FS) of 24 segments of left and right ventricles in order to compare the difference between DCDA fetuses and singleton fetuses. One case of twins with growth discordance were selected to demonstrate the utility of this technique.Results:①There were no statistically significant differences in GS, FAC and 24-segments FS of left and right ventricles between the two fetuses in the observation group (all P>0.05). ②The LV-FS of segments 1-10 were higher in the observation group than the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). However, there were no statistically significant differences in GS and FAC of left and right ventricles, LV-FS of segments 11-24 and RV-FS of segments 1-24 between the observation group and the control group (all P>0.05). The intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC) was greater than 0.75, indicating good repeatability. ③Two fetuses with discordant growth in dichorionic diamniotic twins had abnormal FS in some segments of the left and right ventricles. Conclusions:Fetal HQ technology could easily and reliably evaluate fetal heart function in DCDA pregnancy with good repeatability. The changes of fetal cardiac function in twin pregnancy did not always follow the same pattern as in singleton pregnancy. The related data of singleton pregnancy should not be blindly used in the clinical management and scientific research of twin pregnancy.

Value of lumbar quantitative parameters in evaluating the severity of male chronic obstructive pulmonary disease based on CT spinal bone quantification system / 中华放射学杂志

Objective:To explore the value of quantitative parameters of cortical and cancellous bone in the first lumbar vertebrae (L1) based on CT spinal bone quantification system for evaluating the severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in males.Methods:A total of 88 male patients with COPD diagnosed at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University from August 2021 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the 2023 edition of global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease (GOLD), the patients were classified as GOLD Ⅰ (29 cases), GOLD Ⅱ (36 cases), and GOLD Ⅲ-Ⅳ (23 cases). And then 29 males with normal lung function during the same period were recruited. People with normal lung function and COPD patients of GOLD Ⅰ-Ⅱ were classified as non-severe COPD group (94 cases), COPD patients of GOLD Ⅲ-Ⅳ were classified into the severe COPD group (23 cases). On the CT images of L1, the CT spine bone quantification system was used to automatically segment cortical and cancellous bone. The total volume, cortical volume, cancellous volume, average cortical thickness, cortical bone average CT value and cancellous bone average CT value of L1 vertebral body were measured using the system respectively. Single factor analysis of variance was used to compare the differences of various parameters among normal lung function and COPD patients with different lung function grades. The efficacy of various parameters in evaluating the severity of COPD were calculated using the receiver operating characteristic curve.Results:The overall differences in L1 vertebral total volume, cancellous volume and cortical bone average CT value among people with normal lung function and COPD patients of GOLD Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ-Ⅳ were statistically significant ( F=3.60, 4.26, 5.39, P=0.016, 0.007, 0.002), and showed a downward trend as the severity of COPD progressed. There were no statistically significant difference in cortical volume, average cortical thickness and cancellous bone average CT value of L1 ( P>0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) for distinguishing severe and non-severe COPD was 0.64 (95%CI 0.54-0.72), 0.65 (95%CI 0.56-0.74) and 0.75 (95%CI 0.66-0.83) for the total vertebral volume, cancellous volume and cortical bone average CT value of L1 respectively. The AUC of cortical bone average CT value was the highest, with a cutoff value of 217 HU/mm 3, a sensitivity of 69.6% and a specificity of 80.9%. Conclusion:Male COPD patients have reduced bone mass compared to the same age male population. The L1 quantitative parameters measured based on the CT spinal bone quantification system can effectively evaluate the severity of lung function in male COPD patients. Among them, the cortical bone average CT value has the highest diagnostic efficacy.

Proteomic Difference Analysis of Whole Blood and Bloodstains / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To study the changes of protein levels in peripheral blood after it dried.@*METHODS@#The proteins from whole blood and bloodstains were detected by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and normalized by the label-free quantification (LFQ) method. The differential proteins were analyzed by using R 4.2.1 software, limma and edgeR package. The analysis of biological function, signaling pathway and subcellular localization for the differential proteins was then performed.@*RESULTS@#A total of 623 and 596 proteins were detected in whole blood and bloodstains, respectively, of which 31 were statistically significant in the quantitative results, including 10 up-regulated and 21 down-regulated proteins in bloodstains.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The protein abundances in whole blood and bloodstains are highly correlated, and the variation of protein abundances may be related to the changes of endogenous and structural proteins in cells. The application of proteomics technology can assist the screening and identification of protein biomarkers, thereby introducing new biomarkers for forensic research.

Effects of different radiation doses on the accuracy of quantitative iodine concentration and CT value of virtual monochromatic image in second-generation dual-layer detector spectral CT / 基础医学与临床

Objective To investigate the effect of different radiation doses on the accuracy of iodine quantification and CT value of virtual monochromatic image with a muti-spectral CT iodine phantom using second-generation dual-layer detector spectral CT(DLCT).Methods The second-generation DLCT scan abdominal phantom was used,which consisted of six different concentrations of iodine rods at 4,8 and 12 g/L.The scan parameters were set at 100,120 and 140 kVp tube voltages,and six radiation exposure sequences were scanned at each tube voltage:5,10,15,20,25 and 30 mGy.Measure the iodine concentration value and the CT value at the single level of 50,70 and 100 keV,and calculate the absolute error value of iodine concentration and CT value under different radiation exposure.SPSS 22.0 software single factor analysis of variance was used to compare the difference between the io-dine concentration and the absolute error of CT value under different Radiation exposure,and LSD method was used to compare the two groups.Results The absolute error of CT value of 4 g/L iodine rod with 10～30 mGy scanning at 100 keV energy level was significantly higher than that of 12 g/L and 8 g/L(P＜0.05),and the absolute error of iodine concentration measurement of other iodine rods with different concentrations at different Radiation exposure had no statistical difference.Conclusions The second-generation double-layer detector spectral CT has high meas-urement stability for iodine concentration quantification and CT value accuracy under conditions of radiation dose greater than 5 mGy.

Research on Normatively Portraying the Symptom Terminology of the Dampness Syndrome / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

Objective To develop the symptom terminology standard of dampness syndrome,and to provide reference for researches related to the dampness syndrome.Methods According to the workflow of The Principle and Method of Examining and Approving the Terminology in Science and Technology,we conducted the research as the following process:collecting symptoms,denominating symptoms and defining symptoms.First,we merged symptoms according to their intension and extension,and made symptoms independency based on their dampness characteristics and diagnostic value.We also included negative symptoms if they had diagnostic value on dampness syndrome.And then we denominated symptoms following the principle of monosemy and scientificity.Previous researches on symptom terminology usually gave symptom term nominal definitions,while in this study we gave the symptom terms operational definitions,including intension and application operationalization.Besides,based on symptom characteristics we developed symptomatic grading and quantification criteria.At last,the above-mentioned were optimized and confirmed based on the expert opinions.Results In this study,we denominated and defined forty-two symptoms,and also developed symptomatic grading and quantification criteria for them.Conclusion We developed symptom terminology standard for dampness syndrome.This study especially valued symptom independence and symptom terms operational definitions,which could give dampness syndrome diagnosis and evaluation real practice significance,and serve well for scientific researches and clinical practice.

Quantitative Analysis of Syndromes in 558 Cases of Kidney Yang Deficiency Syndrome Based on Factor Analysis / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

Objective Through factor analysis of the quantified syndrome information of 558 cases of kidney yang deficiency syndrome,the constructing feature of kidney yang deficiency syndrome was revealed,which provides clinical data support for the objectification,standardization and normalization of kidney Yang deficiency syndrome.Methods Firstly,the frequency analysis of symptoms,tongue and pulse signs of 558 patients with kidney Yang deficiency syndrome was carried out,and then the main syndrome information of the patients with kidney Yang deficiency syndrome was quantified.Finally,the common factors and their representative variables of kidney Yang deficiency syndrome were screened out through factor analysis,and the constructing feature of kidney Yang deficiency syndrome was analyzed combined with TCM syndrome knowledge.Results Eight common factors with eigenvalues greater than 1 were extracted by principal component analysis,and the cumulative contribution rate was 60.483%.After the factor rotation,the representative variables with the absolute value of load coefficient greater than 0.45 in each common factor were selected.The representative variables of F1 are afraid of cold and fond of warmth(0.947)and intolerance to cold(0.932).The representative variables of F2 are waist pain(0.754),waist and knee weakness(0.720)and cold in waist and knees(0.466).The representative variables of F3 are depression(0.749),insomnia(0.711)and diarrhoea(0.470).The representative variables of F4 are thin fur(0.819)and white fur(0.768).The representative variable of F5 are tinnitus and deafness(0.687),frequent nocturnal urination(0.591)and decreased libido(0.587).The representative variables of F6 are pulse sinking(0.766)and pulse weakness(0.736).The representative variables of F7 is thready pulse(0.942).The representative variable of F8 is pale tongue(0.961).External syndrome of disease location involved in these common factors are waist,bone,brain,ear,anterior Yin,posterior Yin and reproductive function.The disease nature involved in these common factors is deficiency and cold.Conclusion The basic constituent units of kidney Yang deficiency syndrome include disease location syndrome elements and disease nature syndrome elements.The disease location is kidney,and the abnormal changes of kidney location are mainly external symptoms of waist,bone,brain,ear,anterior Yin,posterior Yin and reproductive function.Its disease nature is deficiency and cold.Yang deficiency leads to external cold.Yang Qi deficiency can not warm the body surface resulting in the appearance of external cold syndrome.

Progress and prediction of multicomponent quantification in complex systems with practical LC-UV methods / 药物分析学报

Complex systems exist widely,including medicines from natural products,functional foods,and bio-logical samples.The biological activity of complex systems is often the result of the synergistic effect of multiple components.In the quality evaluation of complex samples,multicomponent quantitative analysis(MCQA)is usually needed.To overcome the difficulty in obtaining standard products,scholars have proposed achieving MCQA through the"single standard to determine multiple components(SSDMC)"approach.This method has been used in the determination of multicomponent content in natural source drugs and the analysis of impurities in chemical drugs and has been included in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.Depending on a convenient(ultra)high-performance liquid chromatography method,how can the repeatability and robustness of the MCQA method be improved?How can the chromatography conditions be optimized to improve the number of quantitative components?How can computer software technology be introduced to improve the efficiency of multicomponent analysis(MCA)?These are the key problems that remain to be solved in practical MCQA.First,this review article summarizes the calculation methods of relative correction factors in the SSDMC approach in the past five years,as well as the method robustness and accuracy evaluation.Second,it also summarizes methods to improve peak capacity and quantitative accuracy in MCA,including column selection and two-dimensional chromatographic analysis technology.Finally,computer software technologies for predict-ing chromatographic conditions and analytical parameters are introduced,which provides an idea for intelligent method development in MCA.This paper aims to provide methodological ideas for the improvement of complex system analysis,especially MCQA.

Host cell protein quantification workflow using optimized standards combined with data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry / 药物分析学报

Monitoring of host cell proteins(HCPs)during the manufacturing of monoclonal antibodies(mAb)has become a critical requirement to provide effective and safe drug products.Enzyme-linked immunosor-bent assays are still the gold standard methods for the quantification of protein impurities.However,this technique has several limitations and does,among others,not enable the precise identification of pro-teins.In this context,mass spectrometry(MS)became an alternative and orthogonal method that de-livers qualitative and quantitative information on all identified HCPs.However,in order to be routinely implemented in biopharmaceutical companies,liquid chromatography-MS based methods still need to be standardized to provide highest sensitivity and robust and accurate quantification.Here,we present a promising MS-based analytical workflow coupling the use of an innovative quantification standard,the HCP Profiler solution,with a spectral library-based data-independent acquisition(DIA)method and strict data validation criteria.The performances of the HCP Profiler solution were compared to more con-ventional standard protein spikes and the DIA approach was benchmarked against a classical data-dependent acquisition on a series of samples produced at various stages of the manufacturing process.While we also explored spectral library-free DIA interpretation,the spectral library-based approach still showed highest accuracy and reproducibility(coefficients of variation＜10％)with a sensitivity down to the sub-ng/mg mAb level.Thus,this workflow is today mature to be used as a robust and straightforward method to support mAb manufacturing process developments and drug products quality control.