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ObjectiveTo investigate the epidemic characteristics and influencing factors of acute conjunctivitis caused by human adenovirus（HAdv）in Yantian District of Shenzhen City， Guangdong Province from 2014 to 2022， and to provide evidence for formulating effective prevention and control measures. MethodsDescriptive epidemiology was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis （AHC） cases reported from the Chinese disease prevention and control information system. Etiological characteristics of laboratory-confirmed cases were analyzed， and a case-control study method of test-negative design （TND） was conducted as well. According to the result of HAdv detection， analysis was used to identify the influencing factors of morbidity. ResultsA total of 1 005 AHC cases were reported in Yantian District， Shenzhen City from 2014 to 2022， with an average annual incidence rate of 49.49/105. The incidence rate ranged from 4.67/105 to 117.28/105. The peak incidence occurred from July to October each year， with a male-to-female ratio of 1.42∶1. The median （P25，P75） age of onset was 29（12，40） years. A total of 716 eye swabs were collected for etiological detection from 2014 to 2022. HAdv positive detection rate was 36.45% （263/716）， Cox 24v positive detection rate was 0.28% （2/716）， while EV70 was not detected. The longest viral shedding time in eye swabs was 10 days， with a median of 2 days. The highest HAdv positive detection rate （47.47%） was observed when the sampling-to-onset interval was 4‒5 days， and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）， with a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. Multivariate logistic regressing analysis showed that aged 18‒ years， and average temperature higher than 24.90 ℃ 3 days before onset （P<0.05） were the risk factors for acute HAdv conjunctivitis. ConclusionAHC in Yantian District， Shenzhen City showed a low level of prevalence from 2014 to 2022， with HAdv being the predominant pathogen. The peak period of viral shedding occurred on the 4th to 5th day after symptom onset， suggesting the importance of adherence to strict home isolation for infected persons. Aged18‒ years and average temperature increased 3 days before onset are associated with an increased risk of adenoviral conjunctivitis. It is recommended to strengthen personal protection and keep doing a good job of AHC surveillance and early warning， so as to timely prevent the outbreaks of AHC.
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Objective To investigate the risk factors which can lead to chronic kidney disease (CKD) after radical nephroureterectomy and guide adjuvant chemotherapy for the patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC).Methods 239 patients with UTUC,who were treated at our hospital from October 2010 to February 2015 was analyzed retrospectively.Serum creatinine levels were measured preoperatively and 1 month (range:21days to 35 days) after radical nephroureterectomy.129 males and 110 females patients were enrolled.Ages were from 41 to 94,and mean age was 66 years.All patients underwent radical surgery.The pathological stages included Ta/T1/T2/T3/T4,and grades included G1/G2/G3.We calculated GFR using Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equations in consideration of age,sex,and serum creatinine level.The new-onset CKD after RNU was defined as when the calculated CKD-EPI GFR decreased to less than 60 ml/(min · 1.73 m2).These patients were divided into 2 groups which depended on whether they got CKD after RNU.Cohorts were stratified by gender,age,smoking,BMI,hypertension,diabetes mellitus (DM),tumor location,tumor size,multifocality,pathologic stage,grade,hydronephrosis and preoperative CKD-EPI GFR.The chi-square test was used to examine the relationship among the various cohorts and the CKD after RNU.The Kaplan-Meier method was adopted to identify the relationship between Overall survival (OS).Cancer-specific survival (CSS) and CKD.Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to study the relationship between clinical factors and CKD after RNU using the Cox proportional hazards regression model and chi-square test.Results In our study,the median follow-up time was 41.3 (range from 2-82) months for 239 patients.Median CKD-EPI GFR for all patients before and after surgery was 71.4 (65.2-108.7) ml/(min · 1.73 m2) and 54.7 (37.6-93.8) ml/(min · 1.73 m2),meanwhile 105 cases became new-onset CKD.There was no significant difference in overall or cancer specific survival between CKD + and CKD-(P =0.137,P =0.190).However age (HR =1.825,95％ CI 1.203-2.768,P =0.017),hydronephrosis (HR =0.243,95 ％ CI 0.106-0.613,P =0.034) and preoperative CKD-EPI GFR (HR =0.237,95 ％ CI 0.109-0.524,P =0.021) were significantly correlative with postoperative new-onset CKD.Conclusion Age,absence of hydronephrosis and preoperative CKD-EPI GFR were independent risk factors predicting new-onset CKD.They can be the predictor of new-onset CKD.
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Objective To investigate the risk factors which can lead to chronic kidney disease (CKD) after radical nephroureterectomy and guide adjuvant chemotherapy for the patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC).Methods 239 patients with UTUC,who were treated at our hospital from October 2010 to February 2015 was analyzed retrospectively.Serum creatinine levels were measured preoperatively and 1 month (range:21days to 35 days) after radical nephroureterectomy.129 males and 110 females patients were enrolled.Ages were from 41 to 94,and mean age was 66 years.All patients underwent radical surgery.The pathological stages included Ta/T1/T2/T3/T4,and grades included G1/G2/G3.We calculated GFR using Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equations in consideration of age,sex,and serum creatinine level.The new-onset CKD after RNU was defined as when the calculated CKD-EPI GFR decreased to less than 60 ml/(min · 1.73 m2).These patients were divided into 2 groups which depended on whether they got CKD after RNU.Cohorts were stratified by gender,age,smoking,BMI,hypertension,diabetes mellitus (DM),tumor location,tumor size,multifocality,pathologic stage,grade,hydronephrosis and preoperative CKD-EPI GFR.The chi-square test was used to examine the relationship among the various cohorts and the CKD after RNU.The Kaplan-Meier method was adopted to identify the relationship between Overall survival (OS).Cancer-specific survival (CSS) and CKD.Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to study the relationship between clinical factors and CKD after RNU using the Cox proportional hazards regression model and chi-square test.Results In our study,the median follow-up time was 41.3 (range from 2-82) months for 239 patients.Median CKD-EPI GFR for all patients before and after surgery was 71.4 (65.2-108.7) ml/(min · 1.73 m2) and 54.7 (37.6-93.8) ml/(min · 1.73 m2),meanwhile 105 cases became new-onset CKD.There was no significant difference in overall or cancer specific survival between CKD + and CKD-(P =0.137,P =0.190).However age (HR =1.825,95％ CI 1.203-2.768,P =0.017),hydronephrosis (HR =0.243,95 ％ CI 0.106-0.613,P =0.034) and preoperative CKD-EPI GFR (HR =0.237,95 ％ CI 0.109-0.524,P =0.021) were significantly correlative with postoperative new-onset CKD.Conclusion Age,absence of hydronephrosis and preoperative CKD-EPI GFR were independent risk factors predicting new-onset CKD.They can be the predictor of new-onset CKD.
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Objective To understand hypertension risk factors among adult residents in Hebei province.Methods The adult residents were selected by multistage stratified sampling,and investigated with the same questionnaires,body measurement,blood pressure measurement,blood sample analysis,to analyze risk factors of hypertension by ?2 with simple factor and by logistic regression with mult-factors.Results The prevalence of hypertension in 4200 adult residents(18-69 ages) was 39.6% and age-adjusted rate was 28.5%.The single factors analysis indicated that the prevalence of hypertension was higher in men than in women,in countryside than in city,and increased with age rising.Its prevalence is correlated with education level,marriage status,occupation,income,smoking,passive smoking,manual activity,eating habits,BMI,waist,diabetes,blood fat,status of spirit and health.Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that city,female,educational level of senior high school and above that,farm working,eating less brined vegetables is protective factors for hypertension,and their OR(95%CI) were 0.777(0.644~0.937),0.674(0.551~0.823),0.654(0.534~0.801),0.826(0.684~0.997),0.844(0.729~0.977) respectively,and more than 35 ages,not usually eating vegetable,bad status of health by self-sensations,high serum TC and TG,overweight and obesity were the main risk factors for hypertension,and their OR(95%CI) were 4.145(3.263~5.266),4.460(1.049~18.969),1.234(1.068~1.425),1.400(1.200~1.634),1.420(1.074~1.878),1.478(1.235~1.768),1.728(1.448~2.061) respectively.Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension in adult residents in Hebei province was correlated with multi-factors,so complicated prevention and control in hypertension should be reinforced.