Gestión de habilidades profesionales pedagógicas en estudiantes de la Licenciatura en Cultura Física

El perfeccionamiento del proceso de formación de profesionales es una necesidad actual en todas las carreras universitarias, en la que se incluye la Cultura Física; desde este contexto, se declara en el Plan de estudio el carácter eminentemente pedagógico de este perfil profesional, por lo que es necesario preparar a los estudiantes en habilidades profesionales pedagógicas, a partir del proceso de gestión. Para ahondar en la temática, se realizó una investigación con el objetivo de elaborar acciones estratégicas para la gestión de habilidades profesionales pedagógicas en estudiantes de segundo año de la carrera Licenciatura en Cultura Física, en la Universidad de Ciencias de la Cultura Física y el Deporte "Manuel Fajardo". En el desarrollo del estudio, se emplearon métodos científicos del nivel teórico como el analítico-sintético e inductivo-deductivo; del nivel empírico, la observación, entrevista, encuestas, análisis documental, criterio de expertos y criterio de usuarios; del estadístico-matemático, distribuciones empíricas de frecuencias. Los resultados del diagnóstico permitieron detectar insuficiencias en el proceso de gestión con respecto al desarrollo de las habilidades profesionales pedagógicas, por lo que se elaboraron acciones estratégicas que fueron validadas teóricamente por los expertos, quienes las calificaron de muy adecuadas y esta misma categoría fue asignada por los usuarios para denotar la factibilidad de su implementación. Luego de la aplicación de las acciones estratégicas, se evidenciaron niveles superiores de desarrollo de las habilidades profesionales pedagógicas en la muestra estudiada.

A melhoria do processo de formação profissional é uma necessidade atual em todos os cursos universitários, o que inclui Cultura Física; A partir deste contexto, a natureza eminentemente pedagógica deste perfil profissional é declarada no Plano de Estudos, pelo que é necessário preparar os alunos em competências pedagógicas profissionais, a partir do processo de gestão. Para aprofundar o tema, foi realizada uma investigação com o objetivo de desenvolver ações estratégicas para a gestão das competências pedagógicas profissionais em alunos do segundo ano do curso de Licenciatura em Cultura Física, da Universidade de Cultura Física e Ciências do Desporto". Manoel Fajardo." No desenvolvimento do estudo foram utilizados métodos científicos de nível teórico, como analítico-sintético e indutivo-dedutivo; no nível empírico, observação, entrevista, levantamentos, análise documental, avaliação de especialistas e avaliação de usuários; do estatístico-matemático, distribuições de frequência empíricas. Os resultados do diagnóstico permitiram detectar insuficiências no processo de gestão no que diz respeito ao desenvolvimento de competências pedagógicas profissionais, pelo que foram desenvolvidas ações estratégicas que foram validadas teoricamente pelos especialistas, que as classificaram como muito adequadas e esta mesma categoria foi atribuída pelos usuários para denotar a viabilidade de sua implementação. Após a aplicação das ações estratégicas, ficaram evidentes níveis mais elevados de desenvolvimento de competências pedagógicas profissionais na amostra estudada.

The improvement of the professional training process is a current need in all university courses, which includes Physical Culture; from this context, the eminently pedagogical nature of this professional profile is declared in the Study Plan, so it is necessary to prepare students in professional pedagogical skills, starting from the management process. To delve deeper into the topic, a research was carried out with the aim of developing strategic actions for the management of professional pedagogical skills in second-year students of the Bachelor's degree in Physical Culture, at the University of Physical Culture and Sports Sciences. "Manuel Fajardo." In the development of the study there were used scientific methods of the theoretical level such as analytical-synthetic and inductive-deductive methods; of the empirical level, observation, interview, surveys, documentary analysis, expert judgment and user judgment and of the statistician-mathematician, empirical frequency distributions. The results of the diagnosis made it possible to detect insufficiencies in the management process with respect to the development of professional pedagogical skills, so strategic actions were developed that were theoretically validated by the experts, who classified them as very appropriate and this same category was assigned by users to denote the feasibility of its implementation. After the application of the strategic actions, higher levels of development of professional pedagogical skills were evident in the sample studied.

Autoejercitación del ejercicio físico en los estudiantes de Educación Física de la Educación Superior

La atención a la habilidad auto ejercitación del ejercicio físico constituye punto de referencia para el cumplimiento de los objetivos estratégicos planteados por las universidades cubanas, particularmente en la disciplina Educación Física del Plan de estudios E, como un contenido del currículo que favorece el protagonismo del estudiante en su propio proceso de aprendizaje, constituye una necesidad antes los cambios que se operan en el sistema de Educación Superior Cubano, dado fundamentalmente por condiciones que surgieron de aislamiento físico provocado por la COVID 19, unido a la falta de habilidades para realizar actividad física y por garantizar una educación inclusiva, equitativa y de calidad. El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en elaborar una estrategia didáctica para la formación de la habilidad auto ejercitación del ejercicio físico; en la investigación se emplean métodos cualitativos y cuantitativos. Se inicia con el diagnóstico, utilizándose diferentes métodos y técnicas, como la encuesta, la entrevista. Además, se aplica los test para evaluar la condición física y de las insuficiencias que presenta los estudiantes de Educación Física de la carrera de Medicina Veterinaria de la Universidad Agraria de La Habana. La sistematización y los fundamentos teóricos y metodológicos analizados permitieron diseñar una estrategia didáctica, la cual cuenta de cuatro etapas, cada una de ellas con su objetivo y sistema de acciones, las cuales se ofrecen como resultado para la formación de la habilidad auto ejercitación del ejercicio físico en los estudiantes objetos de estudio. La evidencia de los aprendizajes adquiridos por los estudiantes, la valoración de especialistas indica una mejora de los niveles de condición física, las acciones propuestas responden al propósito para el cual fue concebida la estrategia.

A atenção à habilidade de autoexercício do exercício físico constitui um ponto de referência para o cumprimento dos objetivos estratégicos traçados pelas universidades cubanas, particularmente na disciplina de Educação Física do Currículo E, como conteúdo do currículo que favorece o protagonismo do aluno. o seu próprio processo de aprendizagem, constitui uma necessidade face às mudanças que estão a ocorrer no sistema de ensino superior cubano, dadas fundamentalmente pelas condições que surgiram do isolamento físico causado pela COVID 19, juntamente com a falta de competências para a realização de actividade física e garantir uma educação inclusiva, equitativa e de qualidade. O objetivo deste trabalho é desenvolver uma estratégia didática para o treinamento da habilidade de autoexercício do exercício físico; Métodos qualitativos e quantitativos são utilizados na pesquisa. Começa com o diagnóstico, utilizando diferentes métodos e técnicas, como inquéritos e entrevistas. Além disso, são aplicados testes para avaliar a condição física e as insuficiências apresentadas pelos estudantes de Educação Física da carreira de Medicina Veterinária da Universidade Agrária de Havana. A sistematização e os fundamentos teóricos e metodológicos analisados permitiram o desenho de uma estratégia didática, que conta com quatro etapas, cada uma delas com seu objetivo e sistema de ações, que são oferecidas como resultado para a formação da habilidade de autoexercício do exercício físico nos alunos estudados. A evidência das aprendizagens adquiridas pelos alunos, a avaliação dos especialistas indica uma melhoria nos níveis de aptidão física, as ações propostas respondem ao propósito para o qual a estratégia foi concebida.

Attention to the self-exercise skill of physical exercise constitutes a point of reference for the fulfillment of the strategic objectives set by Cuban universities, particularly in the Physical Education discipline of Study Plan E, as a content of the curriculum that favors the student's protagonism in his/her own learning process, constitutes a necessity in the face of the changes that are taking place in the Cuban Higher Education system, given fundamentally by conditions that arose from physical isolation caused by COVID 19, coupled with the lack of skills to perform physical activity and to guarantee inclusive, equitable and quality education. The objective of this work is to develop a didactic strategy for the training of the self-exercise skill of physical exercise; qualitative and quantitative methods are used in the research. It begins with the diagnosis, using different methods and techniques, such as surveys and interviews. In addition, tests are applied to evaluate the physical condition and insufficiencies presented by Physical Education students of the Veterinary Medicine career at the Agrarian University of Havana. The systematization and the theoretical and methodological foundations analyzed allowed the design of a didactic strategy, which has four stages, each of them with its objective and system of actions, which are offered as a result for the formation of the self-exercise skill of the physical exercise in the students studied. The evidence of the learning acquired by the students, the assessment of specialists indicates an improvement in physical fitness levels, the proposed actions respond to the purpose for which the strategy was conceived.

Research on the construction of core medical skill index system for helicopter medical rescue personnel / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective:To construct core medical skill index system for helicopter medical rescue personnel by Delphi expert consensus method.Methods:This study combined literature review and two rounds of Delphi expert correspondence to construct the core skill index system. Total of 22 experts from relevant disciplines were selected purposively to conduct Delphi expert consultation.Results:The effective questionnaire recovery rates of the two rounds of Delphi expert correspondence was 100%; the authority coefficient of experts was 0.87; the Kendall coordination coefficients of the importance of the first and second level indexes were 0.380 and 0.338 in the first round of correspondence, and then 0.415 and 0.357 in the second round. the Kendall coordination coefficients of the feasibility of the second level indexes were 0.347 in the first round of correspondence and 0.354 in the second round. The final core skill index system for helicopter medical rescue personnel includes 4 primary indicators: core medical skill for diseases or trauma in respiratory system, circulatory system, sports system and other system, and 32 secondary indicators.Conclusions:The core medical skill index system for helicopter medical rescue personnel constructed through two rounds of Delphi expert correspondence is scientific and reasonable, which can provide a scientific basis to accurately understand, describe, analyze, and evaluate the competence level of helicopter medical rescue personnel, as well as serve as a content framework for training programs.

Application of multiple exemplar training in the rehabilitation of children with autism / 中国儿童保健杂志

Generalization, the ability to apply learned knowledge or skills to different materials, individuals, or situations, is a challenge for children with autism. This difficulty in generalization hampers their development of independent living, learning, and working skills. Multiple exemplar training is a widely-used and effective teaching method in the field of autism education. This article provides an explanation of the different types of exemplars used in multiple exemplar training, the steps involved in teaching, and various areas of application. Practical recommendations are also offered based on this information, aiming to support skill learning and generalization research for children with autism in our country.

Types analysis and coping suggestion of medical disputes arising from medical remarks / 中国医学伦理学

The language expression level of doctors directly affects the effectiveness of information transmission and communication. In the past 20 years， a large number of studies have conducted questionnaire surveys related to “doctor-patient communication” among medical staff and patients in the form of scales， but there were few studies on the practical application of doctor-patient communication and case analysis of doctor-patient disputes. Using the Complaint Register Book of a tertiary A hospital as research material， this paper summarized five causes of medical disputes caused by medical remarks， namely， stiff tone and improper body language of the medical staff， unclear communication of treatment plans， unable to answer patients’ questions， different doctors’ statements are contrary each other， and a large gap between disease prediction and disease development. This paper aimed to analyze the handling points of such disputes， with a view to applying them in doctor-patient communication courses for medical students or language skills training for doctors in the future， optimizing doctor-patient communication， and promoting the development of doctor-patient relationships.

Analysis and discussion of the research status of thoracoscopic and laparoscopicsimulation training and assessment / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Minimally invasive surgery is the development direction of surgery in the 21st century, and thoracoscopic or laparoscopic skills are essential skills that all surgeons must master. Thoracoscopic or laparoscopic skills training is an important part of surgical resident training. However, there are various methods for thoracoscopic or laparoscopic skill training internationally. The assessment is still in the stage of examiners’ visual observation and subjective evaluation. Here, we reviewed the current research status of thoracoscopic and laparoscopic simulation training and assessment, discussed the development experience and application achievements of Huaxi Intelligent Thoracoscopic Skill Training and Assessment System. We aimed to provide a theoretical basis and practical experience for the development of thoracoscopic or laparoscopic simulation education.

Characteristics and relationship between the development of gross motor skills and executive function in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder / 中国康复理论与实践

ObjectiveTo investigate the developmental characteristics of gross motor skills and executive functions, and the correlation between them in school-age children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). MethodsFrom November, 2020 to May, 2021, 90 children with ADHD were recruited from Peking University Sixth Hospital and Beijing Haidian Wanquan Primary School, and other 90 children with normal development from this primary school were recruited matched their age and gender. Gross motor skills were assessed with the Test of Gross Motor Development in Children, Third Edition (TGMD-3), and inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility were assessed with Stroop Color Words Test (SCWT), Rey-Osterrich Complex Figure Test (ROCFT) and Trail Making Test (TMT), respectively. ResultsThe TGMD-3 score was significantly lower in children with ADHD than in normal children (t = -6.275, P < 0.001), while the test results of SCWT, ROCFT and TMT were worse (|t| ≥ 1.986, P ≤ 0.05). The TGMD-3 score of children with ADHD was negatively correlated with the word sense reaction time (r = -0.261), the number of word sense errors (r = -0.404) and the number of color errors (r = -0.326) (P < 0.05), positively correlated with the delayed structural memory scores (r = 0.228) (P < 0.05), and negatively correlated with the TMT-A reaction time (r = -0.255), the number of TMT-A errors (r = -0.329), TMT-B reaction time (r = -0.214) and the number of TMT-B errors (r = -0.474) (P < 0.05). Stratified linear regression analyses showed that the TGMD-3 score of children with ADHD was significant only in predicting test results for inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility (P < 0.05), with explanations of 8.7% and 22.5%, respectively. ConclusionDevelopments of both gross motor skills and executive function delay in children with ADHD, and there is a relation between them, especially the level of gross motor skills relating to the developments of inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility.

Research on MRE quality control in diagnosing intestinal diseases / 中国医学装备

Objective:To investigate the quality control of magnetic resonance enterography(MRE)in the diagnosis of intestine diseases,and analyze the factors that affected the imaging quality of MRE,and enhance the imaging quality of MRE through adopted the measures of quality control.Methods:The documents of MRE examinations of 167 patients with intestinal disease who admitted to the 900th Hospital of People's Liberation Army Joint Service Support Force from May 2018 to March 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.The image qualities of all patients were evaluated after they completed clinical and image examinations.The reasons that image quality could not meet the requirement of diagnosis were analyzed.And then,the measures of quality control were proposed.Results:In 167 patients with intestinal disease,the MRE images of 153 patients(91.62%)could meet the requirement of diagnosis.In 14 patients(8.38%)whose MRE images could not meet the requirement of diagnosis,the reason of 3 cases(1.80%)was poor respiratory coordination,and that of 2 cases(1.20%)was there were more severe magnetic sensitive artifacts in images,and that of 1 case(0.60%)was severe intestinal peristalsis leaded to blurred images,and that of 2 cases(1.20%)was the flow void effect from intestinal peristalsis inside of intestinal cavity could not meet the requirement of diagnosis,and that of 4 cases(2.40%)was the intestinal tube without incomplete dilation caused by poor oral filling contrast agent,and that of 2 cases(1.20%)was many residues in intestine due to poor preparation for intestine.Aimed at the factors that MRE images could not meet requirement of diagnosis,we proposed the following quality control measures:①the biphasic contrast agents with favorable safety,without severe adverse reactions,which can fully dilate intestinal cavity,should be selected.②we should do well for the dilation of intestinal tube,and inhibit the intestinal peristalsis and conduct respiratory training.③we should conduct scan with wide field at coronal site,so as to display panorama image of intestine.④The scans of conventionally anatomical sequence and functional imaging sequence on axis position were performed on lesions.Conclusion:MRE technique should choose appropriate contrast agent in the quality control of the diagnosis of intestine diseases,and do well the preparation for patients before examination.Using intraluminal contrast agents,conducting intestinal dilation and optimal imaging technique are essential for obtaining intestinal MRE images with high quality.

Multimedia educativa para desarrollar en estudiantes la correlación clínico-imagenológica en la asignatura Cirugía

Introducción: Durante el proceso docente educativo en la asignatura de Cirugía, los estudiantes necesitan apoyarse en estudios imagenológicos y correlacionarlos con su planteamiento clínico para arribar a un diagnóstico certero. Sobre esta base proponen un tratamiento óptimo a pacientes con afecciones quirúrgicas, por lo cual requieren un adecuado desarrollo de esta habilidad. El avance de las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones, y las condiciones en las universidades de ciencias médicas, permiten su utilización como recurso del aprendizaje, en especial una de sus herramientas: la multimedia educativa. Objetivo: Diseñar una multimedia que permita el desarrollo de la correlación clínico-imagenológica en los estudiantes de la asignatura Cirugía. Métodos: Se realizó una investigación educativa de desarrollo tecnológico. En su diseño se utilizaron métodos teóricos: el histórico-lógico, el análisis documental, el enfoque sistémico estructural y el inductivo-deductivo; y empíricos: encuestas, entrevistas, observación, consulta a expertos y triangulación metodológica. Resultados: Se obtuvo una lista de dificultades y de potencialidades, que permitieron construir el contenido de una multimedia, cuyo diseño de carácter marxista-leninista contiene un enfoque pedagógico constructivista, flexible y abierto, con el fin de propiciar la autonomía, la colaboración, el estudio independiente y la innovación virtual. Conclusiones: Se identificaron necesidades de aprendizaje para una adecuada correlación clínico-imagenológica. Las habilidades fundamentales a desarrollar fueron la descripción del estudio imagenológico y la correlación clínica. Se encontró como necesario y pertinente el diseño de una multimedia para contribuir al desarrollo de dicha habilidad. Se diseñó la multimedia y se validó por expertos.

Introduction: During the teaching-educational process in the subject Surgery, students need to rely on imaging studies and correlate them with their clinical approach to arrive at an accurate diagnosis. On this basis, they propose an optimal treatment to patients with surgical conditions, a reason why they require an adequate development of this skill. The advance of information and communication technologies, as well as the conditions in the universities of medical sciences, allow their usage as learning resources; especially one of their tools: educational multimedia. Objective: To design a multimedia that allows the development of the clinical-imaging correlation in students of the subject Surgery. Methods: An educational research of technological development was carried out. Theoretical methods were used in its design (the historical-logical method, documentary analysis, the structural-systemic approach, and the inductive-deductive method), as well as empirical methods (surveys, interviews, observation, expert consultation, and methodological triangulation). Results: A list of difficulties and potentialities was obtained, which allowed building the content for a multimedia, whose Marxist-Leninist character design contains a constructivist, flexible and open pedagogical approach, in order to promote autonomy, collaboration, independent study and virtual innovation. Conclusions: Learning needs were identified for an adequate clinical-imaging correlation. The fundamental skills to be developed were description of the imaging study and clinical correlation. The design of a multimedia to contribute to the development of these skills was found to be necessary and pertinent. The multimedia was designed and validated by experts.

Estrategias de afrontamiento al síndrome de burnout en médicos-docentes universitarios en postpandemia / Coping strategies to burnout syndrome in post-pandemic university physician-teachers / Estratégias de enfrentamento da síndrome de burnout em professores doutores de universidades pós-pandemia

Los médico-docentes han sufrido las secuelas de la pandemia y que sigue evidenciándose en la postpandemia como estrés laboral; por ello tuvieron que aprender estrategias de afrontamiento para superar este problema de salud mental. Objetivo. Analizar las características del Síndrome de burnout Académico de cuatro docentes-médicos universitarios y las estrategias de afrontamiento que utilizaron en un contexto de postpandemia. Metodología. Investigación cualitativa, fenomenológica, interpretativa, en la que se utilizó la entrevista en profundad a cuatro docentes-médicos (2 varones y 2 mujeres), permitió analizar y reflexionar acerca de las experiencias de los participantes de las secuelas que les dejó el SBA después de la pandemia generada por la COVID-19 y cómo realizaron el afrontamiento. Las categorías fueron SBA y afrontamiento. El trabajo se llevó a cabo en tres fases: (a) descriptiva, en ella se organizó y planificó el proceso metodológico y ético, (b) fase estructural, se elaboraron las guías de entrevista, la matriz para organizar la información, transcripción y codificación de la información y (c) fase de discusión, en la se confrontaron las experiencias discrepantes y semejantes que fueron contrastados con otros estudios. Hallazgos. La COVID-19 generó en los médico-docentes SBA, que se evidenciaron en problemas emocionales, cognitivos, conductuales-psicosomáticos y sociales. El afrontamiento integral con las técnicas cognitivo-conductuales, mindfulness, relajación y la religión permitieron revertir los efectos del SBA. A manera de conclusión. El integral de técnicas terapéuticas de afrontamiento a SBA postraumático mostraron ser eficientes.

Physician-teachers have suffered the after-effects of the pandemic, which continues to be evidenced in the post-pandemic as occupational stress; therefore, they had to learn coping strategies to overcome this mental health problem. Objective. To analyze the characteristics of Academic Burnout Syndrome of four university teacher-physicians and the coping strategies they used in a post-pandemic context. Methodology. Qualitative, phenomenological, interpretative research, using in-depth interviews with four physician-teachers (2 men and 2 women), made it possible to analyze and reflect on the participants' experiences of the after-effects of BMS after the pandemic generated by COVID-19 and how they coped. The categories were BMS and coping. The work was carried out in three phases: (a) descriptive, in which the methodological and ethical process was organized and planned, (b) structural phase, in which the interview guides, the matrix to organize the information, transcription and codification of the information were elaborated, and (c) discussion phase, in which the discrepant and similar experiences were compared and contrasted with other studies. Findings. The COVID-19 generated BMS in the physician-teachers, which were evidenced in emotional, cognitive, behavioral-psychosomatic and social problems. Integrated coping with cognitive-behavioral techniques, mindfulness, relaxation and religion allowed reversing the effects of BMS. By way of conclusion. The integrated therapeutic techniques of coping with posttraumatic BMS proved to be efficient.

Os professores de medicina sofreram os efeitos colaterais da pandemia, que ainda são evidentes no período pós-pandemia como estresse relacionado ao trabalho, e tiveram de aprender estratégias de enfrentamento para superar esse problema de saúde mental. Objetivo. Analisar as características da Síndrome de burnout acadêmico em quatro professores-médicos universitários e as estratégias de enfrentamento que eles usaram em um contexto pós-pandêmico. Metodologia. A pesquisa qualitativa, fenomenológica e interpretativa, por meio de entrevistas em profundidade com quatro professores-doutores (2 homens e 2 mulheres), nos permitiu analisar e refletir sobre as experiências dos participantes em relação às sequelas da SBM após a pandemia gerada pela COVID-19 e como eles lidaram com isso. As categorias foram BMS e enfrentamento. O trabalho foi realizado em três fases: (a) descritiva, na qual o processo metodológico e ético foi organizado e planejado; (b) fase estrutural, na qual foram elaborados os guias de entrevista, a matriz para organizar as informações, a transcrição e a codificação das informações; e (c) fase de discussão, na qual experiências discrepantes e semelhantes foram comparadas e contrastadas com outros estudos. Resultados. A COVID-19 gerou BMS nos médicos-professores, que foram evidenciados em problemas emocionais, cognitivos, comportamentais-psicossomáticos e sociais. O enfrentamento integrado com técnicas cognitivo-comportamentais, atenção plena, relaxamento e religião permitiu reverter os efeitos da SGB. À guisa de conclusão. As técnicas terapêuticas integradas de enfrentamento da SGB pós-traumática mostraram-se eficazes.

Managerial Decision-Making of Nurses in Hospitals: creation and validation of a simulation scenario / Tomada de Decisão Gerencial do Enfermeiro da Área Hospitalar: construção e validação de cenário de simulação / Toma de Decisiones Gerenciales del Enfermero en el Área Hospitalaria: construcción y validación de un escenario de simulación

Abstract Objective: to build and validate a clinical simulation scenario on hospital nurse managerial decision-making competence for undergraduate nursing students. Method: a descriptive and methodological study was carried out in a higher education institution, with the participation of 10 judges and five players. To do so, the conceptual simulation model proposed by Jeffries and standards of the International Nursing Association for Clinical Simulation and Learning were used to prepare the scenario and the checklist. Results: the scenario was called "Managerial decision-making of nurses in the face of adverse events in a hospital". The scenario script and checklist were built for validation. The checklist was face- and content-validated. Afterward, judges used the checklist to validate the scenario, which, in its final version, was composed of Prebriefing (seven items), Scenario in Action (18 items) and Debriefing (seven items). Conclusion: the scenario proved to be a teaching strategy that anticipates the reality of future nurses, bringing them the self-confidence to perform their activities and helping them to act critically and reflectively during decision-making processes.

Resumo Objetivo: construir e validar um cenário de simulação clínica sobre a competência tomada de decisão gerencial do enfermeiro hospitalar para estudantes de graduação em enfermagem. Método: estudo descritivo e metodológico realizado em uma instituição de ensino superior, com a participação de 10 juízes e cinco atores. Utilizou-se o modelo conceitual de simulação proposto por Jeffries e guias padronizadas da International Nursing Association for Clinical Simulation in Learning para a elaboração do cenário e do checklist. Resultados: o cenário ficou denominado como "Tomada de decisão gerencial do enfermeiro diante de eventos adversos no contexto hospitalar". Construiu-se o script do cenário e o checklist para a sua validação. Realizou-se validação de face e conteúdo do checklist. Posteriormente, juízes de posse do checklist, validaram o cenário que, em sua versão final, ficou composto por Prebriefing (sete itens), Cenário em Ação (18 itens) e Debriefing (sete itens). Conclusão: o cenário mostrou-se uma estratégia de ensino capaz de antecipar a realidade do futuro enfermeiro, trazendo autoconfiança na execução de suas atividades, contribuindo para agir de forma crítica e reflexiva durante o processo de tomada de decisão.

Resumen Objetivo: construir y validar un escenario de simulación clínica sobre la competencia en la toma de decisiones gerenciales del enfermero hospitalario para estudiantes del grado en enfermería. Método: estudio descriptivo y metodológico realizado en una institución de educación superior, con la participación de 10 jueces y cinco actores. Se utilizó el modelo conceptual de simulación propuesto por Jeffries y guías estandarizadas de la International Nursing Association for Clinical Simulation in Learning para la elaboración del escenario y del checklist. Resultados: el escenario se denominó "Toma de decisiones gerenciales del enfermero ante eventos adversos en el contexto hospitalario". Se construyó el script del escenario y el checklist para su validación. Se realizó la validez aparente y el contenido del checklist. Posteriormente, los jueces en posesión del checklist, validaron el escenario que, en su versión final, quedó compuesto por Prebriefing (siete ítems), Escenario en Acción (18 ítems) y Debriefing (siete ítems). Conclusión: el escenario demostró ser una estrategia de enseñanza capaz de anticipar la realidad del futuro enfermero, trayendo autoconfianza en la ejecución de sus actividades, contribuyendo para actuar de forma crítica y reflexiva durante el proceso de toma de decisiones.

Análisis de un taller sobre intervención policial en situaciones de emergencia: debate constructivo y dialógico sobre la violencia en las relaciones de pareja heterosexual / Analysis of a workshop on police intervention in emergency situations: constructive and dialogic debate on violence in heterosexual couples / Análise de um workshop sobre intervenção policial em emergências: debate construtivo e dialógico sobre violência entre casais heterossexuais

Presentamos a continuación el análisis de la experiencia llevada a cabo en el curso de experto universitario en "Prevención de Violencia de Género", curso realizado por la Universidad de Alicante en coordinación con la Generalitat Valenciana y el Instituto Valenciano de Seguridad Pública y Emergencias (IVASPE). Dirigido a las fuerzas y cuerpos de seguridad (FFCCS). El objetivo es mejorar las habilidades y técnicas de comunicación en las intervenciones de emergencia por violencia en parejas heterosexuales. Nuestra experiencia se enmarca dentro de un diseño de taller de formación especializada de 10 horas de duración en el marco de la asignatura "Habilidades y técnicas de comunicación", cuyo desarrollo se basa en la capacidad que la dialéctica constructiva tiene de afrontamiento y transformación social, así como en la concepción de la violencia contra las mujeres como un atentado contra los derechos humanos y la pertinencia de las habilidades y técnicas de comunicación efectiva en la intervención policial en este tipo de emergencias. Nuestros resultados muestran una buena estructuración de la intervención policial en tres fases (llegada, desarrollo y cierre) y la necesidad de profundizar en la intervención y protocolo a seguir con los agresores.

The following is an analysis of the experience in the university expert course on "Prevention of Gender Violence", a course carried out by the University of Alicante in coordination with the Generalitat Valenciana and the Valencian Institute of Public Safety and Emergencies (IVASPE) aimed at security forces and corps (FFCCS). The objective is to improve communication skills and techniques in emergency interventions for violence in heterosexual couples. Our experience is framed within a 10-hour specialised training workshop design within the framework of the subject "Communication skills and techniques", whose development is based on the capacity that constructive dialectics has for coping and social transformation, as well as on the conception of violence against women as an attack on human rights and the relevance of effective communication skills and techniques in police intervention in this type of emergency. Our results show a good structuring of police intervention in three phases (arrival, development and closure) and the need to deepen the intervention and protocol to observe with the aggressors.

A seguir, é apresentada uma análise da experiência realizada no curso de especialização em "Prevenção da violência de gênero", realizado pela Universidad de Alicante em coordenação com a Generalitat Valenciana e o Instituto Valenciano de Seguridad Pública y Emergencias (IVASPE). Destinado às forças e corpos de segurança (FFCCS). O objetivo é melhorar as habilidades e técnicas de comunicação em intervenções de emergência devido à violência em casais heterossexuais. Nossa experiência se enquadra em um projeto de oficina de treinamento especializado de 10 horas no âmbito da disciplina "Habilidades e técnicas de comunicação", cujo desenvolvimento se baseia na capacidade que a dialética construtiva tem de enfrentamento e transformação social, bem como na concepção da violência contra a mulher como um ataque aos direitos humanos e na relevância de habilidades e técnicas de comunicação eficazes na intervenção policial nesse tipo de emergência. Nossos resultados mostram uma boa estruturação da intervenção policial em três fases (chegada, desenvolvimento e encerramento) e a necessidade de aprofundar a intervenção e o protocolo a ser seguido com os agressores.

EFFECTIVENESS OF SIMULATION BASED TEACHING PROGRAM ON KNOWLEDGE AND SKILL REGARDING BASIC NEONATAL RESUSCITATION PROCEDURES AMONG FEMALE HEALTH WORKERS OF SELECTED AREAS: A STUDY PROTOCOL

Background Of The Study: Worldwide, 136 million babies are born annually. 10 million require some stimulation at birth to breathe, while 6 million require basic resuscitation with a bag and mask. Evidence shows that 1 million neonatal deaths occur yearly on the day of birth. Near about 2 million babies die in the rst week of life and 4 million die in the neonatal period, which accounts for 46% of under-ve mortality. This mortality is estimated to increase to 52% in 2030 unless strategic interventions are implemented. To assess the effect of a simulation-based teaching Objective: program on knowledge and skill regarding basic neonatal resuscitation procedures among female health workers of selected areas. Pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test research design will be used. The duration of the study will Methodology: be one month. 60 female health workers from selected primary health centres and sub-health centres of Nagpur district will be selected as a sample through the simple random sampling technique. The structured questionnaire and standardized observational checklist will be used to assess the knowledge and skill respectively. Validity and reliability of the tool will be determined with appropriate standardized methods. Enhance knowledge and skill after simulation-based Expected Result: teaching program. Female health workers working in primary health centres and sub-health centres of Nagpur Limitation: district will be included in this study. The study ndings will reect the need for simulation based education to Conclusion: enhance the knowledge and skill of female health workers to identify birth asphyxia and its potential complications leading to neonatal mortality during the rst few hours after birth.

Impact of an Assessment‑Based Training Module on Communication Skills in Phase I Indian Medical Undergraduates

Introduction:Good communication skills (CSs) are not only the crux of a good doctor–patient relationship but also the foundation over which any human relationship is based. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of training on CS in Phase I MBBS students in a Government Medical College in West Bengal, India. MaterialsandMethods: One hundred and eighty‑four Phase I medical students were trained on how to communicate properly with their peers, seniors, teachers, college authorities, department staff, patient relatives, and other health professionals. Each participant underwent a set of three assessments (presession, postsession, and late postsession) for both knowledge and skills in CS. After postsession assessment, feedback by the faculties and peers was provided and reflections were obtained from the participants. A prevalidated questionnaire and Gap‑Kalamazoo CS Assessment Form (with some modification) were used for knowledge and skill’s assessment, respectively. At the end of the module, feedback was collected from the participants. Data were tabulated and results were compared and interpreted. Results: Mean score and standard deviation for knowledge assessment were 5.29 ±1.35, 9 ±1.20 and 8.55 ±0.97 in T1, T2, and T3 and for skills’ score were 17.78 ±4.89, 26.32 ±5.04 and 30.77 ±3.66 in SA1, SA2, and SA3, respectively. Most participants showed improvement in T2 with mean improvement score (T2–T1) of 79.57 ±47.25 and mean retention score (T3–T1) of 71.9 ±47.84. About 52% of participants showed deterioration in T3 with late deterioration score (T3–T2) of−4.06±11.42. 33% showed no change in knowledge, i.e., they retained their improvements, whereas 15% showed further improvement. Fifty‑two percent of participants showed skills’ improvement by scores of 7–12, 43% showed retention by 13–18, and late deterioration was shown by 82%, their scores dropped by 0–6. Conclusion: The training module was successfully implemented, and participants appreciated this type of participant centric assessment‑based teaching learning module. They learned about the effective ways of communication in a fun manner and were determined to apply all that they have learned

Cataract surgery outcomes in pediatric patients with systemic comorbidities

Purpose: The aim of the study was to evaluate the outcomes of cataract surgery in patients of the pediatric age group with systemic comorbidities. Methods: Medical records of 54 eyes (30 patients) of the pediatric age group with systemic comorbidities who had undergone cataract surgery in a tertiary?care center were reviewed. The following parameters were recorded: systemic comorbidity; toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex, HIV (TORCH) profile, best spectacle?corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), strabismus, nystagmus, and cataract morphology. Results: Thirty patients with a mean age of 55 months (9 months–14 years) were included. On average, every child was seen by three physicians, and the mean duration between the first visit to a physician and presentation to our center was 2.23 ± 0.67 years. The various causes for delay in referral include multiple referrals due to a lack of general anesthesia services in 78% of cases, a long waiting list at the referral hospital in 35% of cases, and a lack of awareness at the primary?care physician level in 50% of cases. The mean BSCVA at presentation was 1.4 logMAR (0.3 to 3 logMAR). The most common cataract morphology was that of zonular cataract (31.48%; 17/54). Strabismus and abnormal eye movements were observed in 27.7% (15/54) and 33.3% (18/54) of eyes, respectively. Various systemic associations were periventricular leukomalacia (12/30), Down’s syndrome (6/30), seizure disorder (6/30), cardiac valvular anomalies (6/30), Marfan’s syndrome (4/30), hypothyroidism (4/30), rubella (3/20), cytomegalovirus (3/20), cerebral palsy (2/30), nephrotic syndrome (2/30), Type 1 diabetes mellitus (1/30), microcephaly (1/30), cryptogenic West syndrome (1/30), congenital rubella syndrome (1/30), and Tourette syndrome (1/30). The mean postoperative corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) at 2?year follow?up improved to 1.0 logMAR (0 to 3 logMAR). No postoperative complications were reported at the final follow?up. Around 70% of the parents reported improvement in their child’s psychomotor skills. Conclusion: Intellectually impaired pediatric patients with cataract should be operated upon whenever there is a presence of infrastructure, and unnecessary delay in surgery should be avoided by referring the patient to higher centers. Even though objective improvement in visual acuity was suboptimal, there was definitely an improvement in the psychomotor skills of the patients.

Effect Of Plyometric Training On Specific Soccer Skill And Playing Ability Of College Going Male Soccer Players

Background: - Football is one of the most popular games in the world. It has been played by most of the countries. Training programme plays an important role in the lives of human beings for developing their fitness and performances. Purpose: - The purpose of the study was to analyse the effect of six weeks plyometric training programmes on specific soccer skill and playing ability of college going soccer male players age ranging between 18– 22 years. Materials & Methods: - Total 32 subjects were taken for the study from baliapal college of physical education, baliapal, balasore, odisha. They were given the six weeks training programme in the college campus. The training schedule were fixed in the morning session as well as in the afternoon session minimum time duration 90-120 minutes per session with various types of physical exercise and training including warming up, warm down and resting time between and set of exercises. In this investigation, data was collected before and after the training period. The Independent Paired-'t' test was conducted for evaluate the data and the level of significance was fixed at 0.05 level of confidence. Results & Discussion: - The result of the study indicates that the six weeks training programmes were influenced the selected variables such as (i) Mc Donald Soccer Skill Test- Legal kicks within 30 seconds. (ii) Playing ability –It will be taken by the three expert coaches. In Mc Donald Soccer Skill Test, the post-test mean scores (12.40) were increased than the pre-test means (8.30) and there was significant difference found in the pre-test and post-test results. Similarly, post-test mean scores (20.50) in playing ability of the college going soccer players were developed than the pre-test means scores (14.44). The Calculated value of the soccer skill (3.86) and playing ability (4.34) both were better than the table value. So, the results were significant at 0.05 level of confidence. On the basis of the obtained result, it has been observed thatConclusion: - six weeks plyometric training programmes have been affected positively on both kicking performance and playing ability among the college going soccer players.

Visual Contribution to Motor Skill DCD Disorders & Walking Physiology Using Spatial Cognition and Linear Geometries as Landmark Coordination Cues

Problem: Awareness of children, who experience movement, particularly motor coordination difficulties, has increased dramatically over the last ten years. These motor coordination problems of children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) or/and Attention-Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) have been frequently associated with poor visual and spatial eye-vision processing.Background: Motor control difficulties for DCD and ADHD children have been discussed in detail. However, just a little is known about the influence of the natural environment on these disorders. Even more, the built environment’s impact as a spatial cognition and coordination functionality has never been considered.Aim: This pilot and innovative study aim to identify the correlation between and evaluate the visual contribution of the so-called “spatial compound linear geometries” and DCD children’s motor/walking control.Methodology: Twenty children aged 5 to 8 years with DCD difficulties (two intervention groups, one with 10 boys and the other one with 10 girls) were assessed by a statistical structural evaluation in three built environments (two urban parks and one pocket park), under two conditions (rich or not in trees, flora, and PnP linear geometries), and different motor coordination control situations (static balance, dynamic balances, dark condition).Results: The worst performances (regarding movement disorders and motor coordination problems) were observed for both groups with DCD children playing in parks poor in or without trees, flora, and spatial compound linear geometries. Instead, a significant performance (strong statistical correlation) was found for the same intervention group (DCD children’s boys or girls) playing in parks rich in trees, flora, and vegetation (natural environment). The best performance (very strong statistical correlation) was detected in parks rich in a natural environment and linear geometries. Conclusions: While the natural environment contribution is bibliographically known, the best performance finding of the visual contribution of the spatial compound linear geometries, as spatial landmarks enriching the visual-spatial motor/walking functionalities for Children with DCD disorder, could provide new cognitive approaches towards an understanding of children’s Developmental Coordination Disorder and walking physiology. DCD children’s performance, scores, and cues were related to both the natural environment and the spatial compound linear geometries as spatial landmark motor coordination cues and spatio-temporal clues. The significant variability in sensory processing among children with DCD, ADHD, and co-occurring symptoms can contribute to understanding how neurological and social factors correlate across diagnoses. Also, derived observations for stepping errors, Gait analysis (variables), and spatio-temporal clues conclude that visual eye-based processing interrelates with motor coordination problems, performance, inattention, environmental conditions (dark), sex identity (boys, girls), and DCD hyperactivity. Applications: Development of interactive visual applications for (i) human spatial cognition and movement improvement; and (ii) children’s motor control and coordination refinement.

Investigation on demands for license skill training among grassroots public health personnel in Hohhot City / 预防医学

Objective@#To investigate the needs for license skill training among grassroots public health personnel in Hohhot City, so as to provide the advice for improvements in training among grassroots public health personnel in Hohhot City. @*Methods@#A total of 1 802 staff were sampled from 108 grassroots healthcare institutions in four districts, four counties and one banner of Hohhot City using a multi-stage stratified random sampling method. Participants' demographics and five dimensions of training needs, including professional knowledge, professional skills, basic public health service guidelines, epidemiological survey and development of interventions, were collected through questionnaire surveys, and factors affecting the training demands were identified using a generalized linear mixed-effect model.@*Results@#The respondents included 789 men (43.78%) and 958 individuals at ages of 31 to 50 years (53.16%). There were 1 379 respondents (76.53%) that wished to receive training on professional knowledge, 1 312 respondents (72.81%) that wished to receive training on professional skills, 1 012 respondents (56.16%) that wished to receive training on basic public health service guidelines, 333 respondents (18.48%) that wished to receive training on epidemiological survey and 206 respondents (11.43%) that wished to receive training on development of interventions. Participants at ages of 41 to 50 years and 61 years and older, participants with a specialty in nursing, and participants that worked on construction of resident archives and health management of patients with tuberculosis had higher demands for training on professional knowledge; participants that worked on construction of resident archives, children healthcare management and health management of patients with chronic diseases had higher demands for training on professional skills; participants with a specialty in general practice, preventive medicine and public health, participants that worked on construction of resident archives, health management of pregnant and lying-in women, health management of elderly people and health management of patients with severe mental disorders, report and response of infectious diseases and emergency public health events had higher demands for training on basic public health service guidelines; participants that worked on vaccination, report and response of infectious diseases and emergency public health events and assisted management of health and family planning supervision had higher demands for training on epidemiological surveys; participants that worked on health management of patients with chronic diseases, assisted management of health and family planning supervision, and participants with experiences of clinical practices had higher demands for training on development of interventions (all P<0.05). @*Conclusions@#The grassroots public health personnel have a high demand for license skill training in Hohhot City, and age-, specialty- and job-specific training is required.

Combination of test skill course and test skill competition to cultivate applied test talents / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Weifang Medical University has taken the lead in setting up laboratory skills courses to train talents in Shandong Province, and held test skills competitions every year to test the effectiveness of learning. Based on the course of testing skills, medical humanistic literacy has been cultivated, and the basic knowledge and basic operation have been learned; taken the skill contest as the medium, the learning results have been tested and the professional skills have been strengthened. Through the combination of test skill course and test skill competition to cultivate applied test talents adapted to the times, it can meet the needs of all kinds of related posts.

Application of TSPV 4-step teaching in skill training of gynecologic laparoscopic surgery / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To explore the application and teaching effect of TSPV (short for theoretical teaching, simulated surgical skills training, practical surgery training, and video-based review) 4-step teaching in skill training of gynecologic laparoscopic surgery.Methods:A total of 30 trainees who participated in gynecologic laparoscopic surgery training were randomly divided into two groups, with 15 in each group. The experimental group received TSPV 4-step teaching, while the control group adopted traditional teaching and completed training and assessment in stages. The general data, training assessment results, teaching feedback and satisfaction survey of the two groups were compared and analyzed. SPSS 20.0 was used for t-test and Chi-square test. Results:There was no statistical difference in age, gender distribution, education background, clinical working experiences and other general data between the two groups. There was no significant difference in the theoretical examination scores between the two groups [(85.3±4.6) vs. (83.4±4.3), P=0.252]. The scores of simulated operation assessment [(91.7±5.2) vs. [(72.4±5.9), P<0.001] and clinical practice assessment [(88.5±4.8) vs. (82.7±6.7), P=0.011] in the experimental group were better that those in the control group. In addition, the experimental group had a better overall evaluation of teaching satisfaction. Conclusion:TSPV 4-step teaching is a more optimized and popular gynecologic laparoscopic training mode, which is recommended to further promote the validation in teaching.