Un estudio de la obesidad y la enfermedad periodontal: una revisión de la literatura / A study of obesity and periodontal disease: a review of the literature

Las enfermedades periodontales son enfermedades inflamatorias causadas por bacterias patógenas en el biofilm subgingival, que afectan los tejidos circundantes y de soporte de los dientes, el periodonto. Estas conexiones inexplicables pasan a primer plano a medida que las enfermedades orales, como la enfermedad periodontal, echan raíces. El desafío bacteriano exacerba la producción de citoquinas por el epitelio gingival, lo que resulta en una inflamación incontrolada que conduce a la pérdida de dientes en adultos de diferentes poblaciones. La prevalencia de estas enfermedades aumenta con el envejecimiento, la retención más prolongada de los dientes y el aumento de la incidencia entre la población. Se realiza una búsqueda en los motores bibliográficos de Medline, PubMed y Cochrane encontrándose 33 artículos de valiosa necesidad, de los últimos cinco años. Esta revisión presenta los puntos que resaltan el poder desarrollar nuevos métodos capaces de detectar a las enfermedades periodontales en las primeras etapas (AU)

Periodontal diseases are inflammatory diseases, caused by pathogenic bacteria in the subgingival biofilm, which affect the surrounding and supporting tissues of the teeth, the periodontium. These inexplicable connections come to the fore as oral diseases, such as periodontal disease, take root. Bacterial challenge exacerbates cytokine production by the gingival epithelium, resulting in uncontrolled inflammation leading to tooth loss in adults from different populations. The prevalence of these diseases increases with aging, longer retention of teeth, and increasing incidence among the population. A search was carried out in the bibliographic engines of Medline, PubMed and Cochrane, finding 33 articles of valuable need, 5 years old. This review of the article presents the points that stand out to be able to develop new methods capable of detecting these diseases in the early stages (AU)

Medical conditions associated with tooth loss among Saudi adults

@#Upon reviewing the literature, the prevalence of many systemic conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, asthma and rheumatoid arthritis were reported to be high in Saudi Arabia. The relationship of these conditions with tooth loss among Saudi population was not investigated. Therefore, the aim of the present studyis to explore the relationship between tooth loss and most common medical conditions among Saudi dental patient. The study participants were 250 patients who were randomly selected from the College of Dentistry database of King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Participants were requested to answer self-administered questionnaires related to their demographic as well as general health questions concerned to the presence of systemic medical conditions. Missing teeth were determined after examining the orthopantogram radiographs and reviewing the Romexis and SALUD databases. Descriptive statistics, independent t-test and linear multiple regression model were performed using SPSS software. The mean number of missing teeth among the study population was 5.8 teeth per person. The mean number of missing teeth was higher among subjects with diabetes, hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, or osteoporosis compared to healthy individuals. A multiple linear regression analysis model revealed that diabetes, hypertension and rheumatoid were significant predictors of missing teeth among Saudi population. These results highlight the importance of the effect of medical conditions on oral health.

Estudio de asociación entre enfermedades sistémicas y el fracaso de implantes dentales / Study of association between systemic diseases and dental implant failure

Desde los inicios de la cirugía de implantes orales, se ha recomendado excluir o limitar a ciertos pacientes con problemas de salud o hábitos de tabaquismo. Los enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles de salud, no son considerados una contraindicación absoluta para la utilización de implantes orales, pero si se debe evaluar con detalle el tipo de enfermedad presente, por ser un potencial riesgo que podría afectar el proceso de oseointegración. Hay ciertas condiciones sistémicas, como la osteoporosis, enfermedades cardiovasculares, diabetes mellitus, e hipotiroidismo, así como también, el hábito de fumar, que inciden sobre el éxito, la sobrevida o el fracaso de los implantes. El propósito de la investigación realizada, es determinar si existe asociación entre los fracasos de los implantes dentales y las enfermedades sistémicas en la población de pacientes sometidos a cirugía de implantes dentales del hospital San José de Santiago de Chile. Se realizó un estudio de tipo observacional de carácter retrospectivo y las variables estudiadas fueron las enfermedades sistémicas (osteoporosis, hipertensión, diabetes, e hipotiroidismo) y los criterios utilizados para la evaluación de salud de implantes fueron los del Congreso Internacional de Implantología Oral de Pisa, en donde fracaso es el término usado para los implantes que requieren el retiro o ya se han perdido. Estas variables se registraron desde la ficha clínica y durante un examen clínico, en una ficha de recolección de datos. Esto permitió, describir variables y su distribución, posteriormente analizar los datos obtenidos encontrando evidencias de asociación estadísticamente válidas. Para este estudio podemos concluir, que el análisis de cada una de las variables sistémicas como son la hipertensión, clasificación ASA II, presentan una asociación con el fracaso de implantes dentales, no así la osteoporosis, hipotiroidismo, diabetes, edad, estado nutricional, genero y el habito de fumar.

Since the beginning of oral implant surgery it has been recommended to exclude or limit certain patients with health issues or smoking habits. The chronic non-communicable diseases are not considered an absolute contraindication to the use of oral implants, but the type of disease should be evaluated in detail, as a potential risk that could affect the process of osseointegration. There are certain systemic conditions, such as osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and hypothyroidism, as well as the habit of smoking, that affect the success, survival or failure of the implants. The purpose of the investigation is to determine whether there is an association between the failure of dental implants and systemic diseases in the population of patients undergoing dental implant surgery of San José de Santiago de Chile Hospital. We conducted a retrospective observational study and the variables studied were systemic diseases (osteoporosis, hypertension, diabetes, and hypothyroidism) and the criteria used to assess the health of implants were those of the International Congress of Oral Implantology of Pisa, where "failure" is the term used for implants requiring removal or that were already lost. These variables were recorded from the clinical record and during a clinical examination, in a data collection sheet. This allowed to describe variables and their distribution, and then to analyze the data to find statistically valid evidence. For this study we can conclude that the analysis of each of the variables such as systemic hypertension or ASA II, have an association with the failure of dental implants, but not osteoporosis, hypothyroidism, diabetes, age, nutritional status, gender and cigarette smoking.

Medicina periodontal: uma revisão de literatura / Periodontal medicine: a literature review

Medicina Periodontal é um termo emergente na área da saúde que se ocupa com o estudo do relacionamento bidirecional entre patologias periodontais e certas condições sistemáticas. Esse trabalho tem por objetivo abordar a consolidação da medicina periodontal com um novo paradigma na odontologia e relacionar as principais condições sistemïïaticas que podem ser influenciadas pelas doenças periodontais.

Periodontal medicine is an emerging term in the health area and studies the bi-directional relationship between systemic conditions and the periodontal diseases. The objective of the present work is to do an abbreviation literature review approaching the consolidation of the periodontal medicine as a new paradigm in the dentistry and relating the main systemic conditions that can suffer influence for the periodontal diseases.