RESUMEN
Diabetes retinopathy （DR） is an important cause that threatens the visual health of adults. There are some treatment methods of western medicine with definite efficacy， such as anti-vascular endothelial growth factor and laser photocoagulation， but they have many adverse reactions such as intraocular infection and visual field damage. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） therapies are safe and effective， which can complement western medicine. Phosphatidylinositol3-kinase （PI3K）/protein kinase B （Akt） signaling pathway regulates a range of processes including glucose metabolism， cell proliferation， and cell transcription and apoptosis， which is closely related to the occurrence and development of DR. Numerous studies have shown that TCM monomers can participate in maintaining the integrity of blood-retinal barrier and inhibiting retinal neovascularization and neurodegeneration in many aspects such as inhibiting oxidative stress and alleviating inflammatory reaction by regulating the PI3K/Akt pathway， so as to delay the progress of DR. Therefore， this study reviewed PI3K/Akt pathway and its relationship with DR， as well as the TCM monomers in interfering with DR based on PI3K/Akt pathway to provide some ideas for the prevention and treatment of DR in integrated TCM and western medicine.
RESUMEN
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental disorder characterized by restitution of trauma and emotional irritability and avoidance caused by sudden, threatening or catastrophic life events. PTSD occurs not only abnormal behavioral indicators but also abnormal neurobiological indicators. Studies on the pathogenesis of PTSD have focused on neuroendocrine system, central nervous system and immune system, mainly finding abnormal levels of stress hormones, pro-inflammatory cytokines, neurotransmitters and neuroprotective factors. Traditional Chinese medicines(TCM) have many advantages in the treatment of PTSD due to their multi-target, multi-component and multi-pathway characteristics. Current studies have showed that a variety of TCM can improve the abnormal behaviors of animals in the models of post-traumatic stress disorder and reverse the neurobiological indicators. As many of these TCM compounds have been used in clinic and have good efficacy, TCM treatment of PTSD has a broad application prospect. However, there is no specific medicine for PTSD, and its mechanisms have not been fully understood. Therefore, this paper reviews the current studies on the treatment of PTSD with TCM, and focuses on the occurrence and treatment progress of PTSD in terms of TCM, mechanisms of action and animal models, so as to provide references for the treatment of PTSD.