Importancia del vínculo de apego en el proceso de aprendizaje y el desarrollo de las capacidades cognitivas, desde las películas Manos milagrosas y Todos los niños son especiales / Importance of the bond of attachment in the learning process and the development of cognitive abilities, from the movies Miracle hands and All children are special

Este artículo se propone establecer la importancia del vínculo de apego en el proceso de aprendizaje y el desarrollo de las capacidades cognitivas a partir del análisis de dos películas: Manos milagrosas y Todos los niños son especiales, de los directores Aamir Kan y Thomas Carter, respectivamente. Inicialmente, se conceptualizan el vínculo de apego y sus categorías: Apego Evitativo, Apego Ambivalente, Apego Seguro y Apego Desorganizado. Se evidenció que las categorías dependen de la eficiencia de la figura vincular (si cumple o no la función de base segura), potenciando la exploración y reinstalando la seguridad y la cognición de la capacidad que adquiere la criatura para hacer que la figura vincular permanezca en su mente, aunque dicha figura no esté presente; este aspecto es determinante para que se forme el aprendizaje y para que se desarrollen las capacidades cognitivas. Se pudo concluir que el desarrollo del vínculo de apego, a pesar de que tiende a permanecer generacionalmente, no siempre se transmite de manera intacta, porque depende de la comprensión de la criatura, y en ocasiones, los saltos evolutivos, la supervivencia y la permanencia de la identidad, obligan transformaciones o adaptaciones en las estrategias del vínculo.

This article aims to establish the importance of the attachment in the learning process and the development of cognitive abilities with the analysis of the films: Miraculous hands and All children are special directed by Aamir Kan and Thomas Carter, respectively. Initially the bond of attachment and its categories is conceptualized: Avoidance Attachment, Ambivalent Attachment, Secure Attachment and Disorganized Attachment. It was evidenced that the categories depend on the efficiency of the attachment figure (if it comply or not the function of a secure base), enhancing the exploration and restoring the security and cognition of the capacity that the creature acquires to make the attachment figure remain in his mind, even if that figure is not present; this aspect is crucial for the formation of learning and for the development of cognitive abilities. It can be concluded that the development of the bond of attachment, despite the tendency to be generationally, is not always transmitted intact, because the loss of understanding of the creature, and sometimes, evolutionary leaps, survival and permanence of the identity, force transformations or adaptations in the strategies of attachment.

Relação entre práticas parentais e problemas de externalização e internalização: papel mediador do vínculo de apego / Relationship between parenting and internalizing and externalizing problems: the mediating role of attachment

Os problemas emocionais e comportamentais infantis têm sido alvo de crescente investigação devido a sua alta estabilidade e por precederem os transtornos psicopatológicos na vida adulta. Esse estudo objetivou investigar o papel mediador do vínculo de apego na relação entre práticas parentais eproblemas externalizantes (agressividade/delinquência) e internalizantes (retraimento social/ansiedade/depres-são). Um total de 289 crianças (M = 10,5 anos, DP = 0,77) responderam à Security Scale e 181 mães responderam ao Child Rearing Practices Report­Q e, também, ao Child Behavior Checklist. Os resultados revelaram o papel mediador do vínculo de apego materno nos problemas externalizantes, mas não nos internalizantes, e salientam a importância de se considerar a qualidade do apego nas relações entre práticas parentais e problemas emocionais e comportamentais na infância

Children emotional and behavioral problems have been a topic of increasing investigation due to its high stability and its role as a predictor to psychopathological disorders in adulthood. This study investigated the mediating role of attachment to the association between parenting practices externalizing problems (aggression and delinquency) and internalizing (social withdrawal and anxiety / depression). A total of 289 children (Mage = 10,5; SD = 0,77) answered the Security Scale, an instrument about parenting practices (PRRC) and the Child Behavior Checklist. The results indicated that the quality of maternal attachment played a mediating role on externalizing problems, but not on internalizing which emphasize the important role that attachment quality can play in the association between parenting practices and emotional and behavioral problems in childhood