Chronic inflammatory periapical diseases: a Brazilian multicenter study of 10, 381 cases and literature review

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of chronic inflammatory periapical diseases in different regions of Brazil and to compare with data from the literature. A multicenter study was carried out in four Brazilian referral centers in oral diagnosis. Histopathological records were reviewed, and all cases diagnosed microscopically as periapical granuloma, radicular cyst, and periapical abscess were included. Demographic and clinical data were collected. Descriptive statistics and Pearson's chi-square test were performed. A total of 10,381 cases of chronic inflammatory periapical diseases were found (13.8% of 74,931 archived specimens) over a period of 65 years. Radicular cysts were the most common lesion (59.9%). Women (56.1%) with a mean age of 37.01 years old (range 13 to 100 ± 14.42) and people of white skin color (59.2%) were the most affected individuals by chronic inflammatory periapical diseases. The lesions were generally asymptomatic (28.1%), located in the maxilla (60.1%), and posterior region (49.8%). The radicular cysts were larger when compared to periapical granulomas (p < 0.001). The disagreement between the clinical and histopathological diagnoses was higher when the final diagnosis was a periapical granuloma (p < 0.001). Chronic inflammatory periapical diseases continue to be common lesions affecting mainly adults. This should be a consequence of the burden of untreated caries in permanent teeth. Women are more affected and radicular cyst was the most common lesion.

Absceso alveolar agudo en pacientes mayores de 19 años. Municipio Unión de Reyes / Acute alveolar abscess in patients elder 19 years old. Municipality Union de Reyes

Introducción: frecuentemente las infecciones de la cavidad bucal son el resultado del deterioro que provoca la caries con exposición de la pulpa dental. Una higiene dental descuidada o inadecuada, y complicaciones asociadas a enfermedades periodontales, son otras de las causas, que pueden incidir en la aparición de procesos infecciosos. Objetivo: caracterizar el comportamiento del absceso alveolar agudo en los pacientes mayores de 19 años en la consulta de urgencia estomatológica del poblado de Alacranes, Municipio Unión de Reyes. Materiales y Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo en pacientes mayores de 19 años, del área de Alacranes municipio Unión de Reyes. El universo de estudio estuvo constituido por los pacientes que acudieron a la consulta de urgencia estomatológica, de enero de 2011 a enero 2012. Con previo consentimiento informado la muestra la constituyó 135 pacientes, con patológica de absceso alveolar agudo, teniendo en cuenta las variables: edad, sexo, etiología y complicaciones. Los datos obtenidos fueron registrados en una base de datos y se procesaron estadísticamente. Resultados: los grupos de 20-29 años y el sexo masculino fueron los más afectados, con 38 % y 54.8 %, respectivamente. La causa fundamental fue la caries dental con un 91.8 %. La celulitis facial resultó la complicación más frecuente. Conclusiones: la etiología más usual del absceso alveolar agudo fue la caries dental. Los pacientes afectados que no recibieron una puntual asistencia sufrieron complicaciones (AU).

Introduction: frequently, oral cavity infections are due to the deterioration caused by caries with dental pulp exposition. An inadequate and careless dental hygiene and complications associated to periodontal diseases are other reasons the may lead to the occurrence of infectious processes. Objective: Characterise the behaviour of the absceso alveolar acute in the greater patients of 19 years in the query of urgency estomatológica of the populated of Alacranes, municipality Union de Reyes. Materials and Methods: a descriptive, observational study was carried out in patients elder 19 years old, in the health area Alacranes, municipality Union de Reyes. The studied universe was formed by the patients assisting to the dentist emergency consultation from January 2011 to January 2012. With previous informed consent, the sample was formed by 135 patients with acute alveolar abscess, taking into account the following variables: age, sex, etiology and complications. The obtained data were recorded in the database and statistically processed. Results: the most affected groups were the 20-29 years-old group and the male sex, with 38 % and 54.8 % respectively. Dental caries was the main cause with 91.8 %. Facial cellulitis was the most frequent complication. Conclusions: dental caries was the most usual etiology of the acute alveolar abscess. The affected patients who did not receive opportune health care suffered complications (AU).

Lesiones periapicales agudas en pacientes adultos / Acute periapical lesions in adult patients

Se realizó un estudio analítico de corte transversal en el área de salud del Policlínico 27 de Noviembre del municipio Marianao, La Habana, en el periodo correspondiente de enero a diciembre de 2009. Se incluyeron todos los pacientes que acudieron al servicio de urgencia y que presentaron lesiones periapicales agudas. Se recogió información de las variables edad, sexo, grupo dentario, causa de la enfermedad, características clínicas e higiene bucal. Esta última se clasificó en las categorías eficiente y deficiente según el índice simplificado de higiene bucal. Se utilizó el X² para estimar la relación entre las variables, y la comparación de proporciones para contrastar la hipótesis de que existieran diferencias entre las lesiones periapicales para las categorías de las variables grupo dentario, causa de la enfermedad y características clínicas. Se encontró un predominio del absceso periapical agudo en un 84,7 por ciento del grupo de edad de 35 a 59 años y del sexo masculino, aunque no se encontraron diferencias significativas para estas variables, ni en los grupos dentarios con respecto a la enfermedad. La higiene bucal resultó estar relacionada con las lesiones periapicales. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en las lesiones periapicales respecto a todas las causas estudiadas, con excepción de las enfermedades periodontales. Respecto a las características clínicas hubo significación en cuanto al aumento de volumen del fondo del surco vestibular y la movilidad dentaria(AU)

A cross-sectional and analytical study was conducted in the health area of the 27 de Noviembre of Marianao municipality, La Habana, from January to December, 2009 including all patients came to emergency service presenting with acute periapical lesions. Information on following variables was available: age, sex, dental group, cause of disease, clinical features and oral hygiene. This latter was classified in the efficient and deficient categories according to the simplified index of oral hygiene. To estimate the relation between the variables and the comparison of ratios to contrast the hypothesis on potential differences among periapical lesions for the category of variables of dental group, cause of disease and clinical features. The was predominance of the acute periapical abscess in a 84,7 percent of the 35-39 age group and of male sex, although there were not significant differences for these variables neither in dental groups regarding the disease. The oral hygiene was related to periapical lesions. There were significant differences in periapical lesions regarding all the study causes, except for the periodontal diseases. Regarding the clinical features there was significance as regards the increase of volume of the vestibular groove fundus and tooth mobility(AU)

Incidence of orofacial pain in patients of Fallujah city/ AL-Anbar-Iraq

Orofacial pain is a common complaint and represents a challenging diagnostic problem. It includes both oral and facial components, like teeth and associated structures, followed by oral mucosa. The aim of the study is to report the causes of orofacial pain [OFF] in Fallujah. the sample of this study included [269 patients] attending the medical centre in Fallujah city with complaining from orofacial pain. In this study the most causes of OFF is dental origin that include 24[8.9%] of cases with acute apical periodentitis and 71[26.4%] with acute apical abscess; pulpitis in 56[20.8%]; acute gingivitis in 70 [26.0%]; periocoronitis in 29 [10.8%]; dry socket in 8 [3.0%]; denture trauma in 2 [0.7%]; cellulites in 4[1.5%]; chronic apical abscess in 1[0.4%]; whereas other causes were migraine in 2 [0.7%]; TMJ disorder in 1[0.4%] and psychological pain in 1[0.4%].OFF derives from a vast number of complex etiologies and majority of the causes was odontogenic origin [98.5%] while the minority is due to nonodotogenic origin [1.5%] and the acute pain has been significantly higher [about 97.4%] than chronic pain [about 2.6%]

Avaliação da prevalência de lesões periapicais examinadas no Laboratório de Patologia Bucal da FO-PUCRS nos anos de 1973, 1983, 1993 e 2003 / Evaluation of the prevalence of periapical pathology examined at the bucal Patholology Lab of the PUC-RS in the years of 1973, 1983, 1993 and 2003

A ocorrência das lesões inflamatórias periapicais é uma questão discutida na literatura. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um levantamento da prevalência de cistos, granulomas e abscessos nos anos de 1973, 1983, 1993 e 2003 na Faculdade de Odontologia da PUCRS, analisando a ocorrência dessas patologias de acordo com a idade, sexo e localização anatômica. Para isto, foram coletados dados nas fichas de biópsia dos casos registrados no Laboratório de Patologia Bucal da Faculdade de Odontologia da PUCRS. Posteriormente os mesmos foram inseridos no programa Access® e analisados estatisticamente. Verificou-se que entre as lesões periapicais, a prevalência do cisto foi de 55.5%, num total de 119 biopsias. O ano com maior número de diagnósticos foi 1993 (61 lesões). O sexo feminino foi acometido por 68.1% dos casos, e a segunda década de vida foi acometida com 26%. A região da maxila anterior mostrou-se a mais atingida (32%) e há uma associação significativa entre a ocorrência de abscessos na maxila e de granulomas na mandíbula

Condiciones bucales dentro del CERESO de León / Oral conditions at the CERESO of Leon city

Se revisaron 50 pacientes al azar, 12 por ciento de un total de 420 internos del Centro de Rehabilitación Social (CE.RE.SO.) en la ciudad de León, Guanajuato, México. Fueron pacientes que asistieron por primera vez al servicio dental, ya que el reclusorio cuenta con un gabinete médico-odontológico de primer nivel, se les efectuó el índice CPOD, condición parodontal, cantidad de prótesis, así como lesiones en tejidos blandos y en diente (forma, color, número y posición). Se reporta que en estos pacientes cada diente tiene una probabilidad del 34.62 por ciento de padecer caries, un 8.81 por ciento de estar ausente, 4.3 por ciento de estar obturado, 1.49 por ciento con elementos protésicos y un 49.3 por ciento de estar sano. Las lesiones más frecuentes para este grupo fueron: las alteraciones gingivales 48 por ciento, los abscesos 38 por ciento y la caries 34.6 por ciento