Bronquiolite associada à exposição a aroma artificial de manteiga em trabalhadores de uma fábrica de biscoitos no Brasil / Bronchiolitis associated with exposure to artificial butter flavoring in workers at a cookie factory in Brazil

OBJETIVO: Relatar quatro casos de bronquiolite decorrente de exposição a aroma artificial de manteiga em uma fábrica de biscoitos no Brasil. MÉTODOS: Descrevemos os achados clínicos, espirométricos e tomográficos nos quatro pacientes, assim como achados de biópsia pulmonar em um dos pacientes. RESULTADOS: Os quatro pacientes eram homens jovens, não fumantes, e desenvolveram obstrução persistente ao fluxo aéreo (relação VEF1/CVF reduzida e VEF1 de 25-44% do previsto) após 1-3 anos de exposição a diacetil, sem a utilização de equipamentos de proteção individual, em uma fábrica de biscoitos. A TCAR mostrou achados indicativos de bronquiolite. Em um paciente, a biópsia pulmonar cirúrgica mostrou bronquiolite obliterante associada a células gigantes. CONCLUSÕES: A bronquiolite decorrente de exposição a flavorizantes artificiais deve ser considerada em trabalhadores com obstrução ao fluxo aéreo no Brasil.

OBJECTIVE: To report the cases of four patients with bronchiolitis caused by exposure to artificial butter flavoring at a cookie factory in Brazil. METHODS: We described the clinical, tomographic, and spirometric findings in the four patients, as well as the lung biopsy findings in one of the patients. RESULTS: All four patients were young male nonsmokers and developed persistent airflow obstruction (reduced FEV1/FVC ratio and FEV1 at 25-44% of predicted) after 1-3 years of exposure to diacetyl, without the use of personal protective equipment, at a cookie factory. The HRCT findings were indicative of bronchiolitis. In one patient, the surgical lung biopsy revealed bronchiolitis obliterans accompanied by giant cells. CONCLUSIONS: Bronchiolitis resulting from exposure to artificial flavoring agents should be included in the differential diagnosis of airflow obstruction in workers in Brazil.

Ingestión tóxica de salbutamol: Reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Overdose of salbutamol ingestion: A case report

Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 33 años que ingirió una sobredosis de salbutamol con fines suicidas. Presentó taquicadia, hipokalemia severa, hiperglicemia y acidosis láctica. Recibió fluidoterapia, infusión de potasio y propranolol. Se estabilizó doce horas después del tratamiento.

It is presented a 33 year old woman who ingested an over dose of salbutamol trying to commit suicide. She showed tachycardia, severe hypokalemia, hyperglycemia and lactic acidosis. Hydration, potassium replacement and propranol of were administered. The patient was recovered after 12 hours of treatment.

Spindle damaging effect of salbutamol sulphate on bone marrow cells of mice.

In vivo assessment and identification of aneuploidy are important phases of genotoxicity evaluation. Considerable effort has been devoted to assess the utility of the existing bioassays and to develop simpler techniques for identifying environmental aneugens. Salbutamol sulphate--an antiasthmatic drug was tested for its spindle damaging effects in bone marrow cells of mice using an in vivo technique, for the evaluation of mitotic index, C-mitotic effects, anaphase reduction and hyperdiploidy. Doses of 0.12, 0.24, 1.2, 2.4, mg/kg body weight were dissolved in bidistilled water and administered intraperitoneally to the mice. Colchicine was taken as positive control for its known aneuploidy-inducing effects. The drug showed positive C-mitotic effects accompanied with increases of mitotic index and decreased frequencies of anaphase in higher doses. Significant levels of hypodiploidy also noted at higher doses. The preliminary results indicated that Salbutamol is capable of inducing C-mitotic effects in mouse bone marrow cells, which is suggestive of possible induction of aneuploidy.