Bacillus claussi: en el tratamiento de erradicación del Helicobacter pylori: para reducir los síntomas adversos del tratamiento triple / Bacillus claussi: in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori eradication: to reduce the adverse symptoms of triple therapy

El tratamiento aceptado para la infección por Helicobacter pylori es el uso de inhibidores de bomba de protones (IBP), más dos antibióticos, siendo considerado de primera línea la amoxicilina y la claritromicina. Para el éxito del tratamiento es indispensable el cumplimiento dle mismo y es aquí donde el fracaso en la erradicación del Helicobacter pylori está relacionado al incumplimiento del tratamiento debido a los efectos adversos: náuseas, vómitos, diarrea y alteraciones del gusto. Para investigar la eficacia de la terapia triple para el Helicobacter pylori asociada a un probiótico ( Bacullus Claussi) se realizó un estudio prospectivo, con muestreo no probabilístico, intencional en 100 pacientes desde agosto de 2010 hasta febrero de 2011. Los pacientes fueron distribuidos en 2 grupos de 50 cada uno para recibir: grupo A. Esomeprazol, amoxicilina y claritromicina y grupo B; Esomeprazol, amoxicilina, claritromicina y Bacillus claussi. Se logró la erradicación del Helicobacter pylori en 96% de los pacientes del grupo B en comparación del 80% del grupo A (P = 0,027). El efecto adverso más importante fue la diarrea en el grupo A. La asociación de inhibidores de bomba de protones, antibióticos y Bacillus calussi aumentó el porcentaje de erradicación de Helicobacter pylori, evitando el abandono del tratamiento por la presencia de efectos adversos.

The consensus treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection is based on a Proton Pump Inhibitor plus two antibiotics being considered as first choice amoxicillin and clarithromycin. For a succesfull treatment is primordial its completion and here is where the failure on the Helicobacter pylori infection eradication is relationed to the non fulfillment because of its adverse effects: nauseas, vomiting, diarrhea and alterations of testing. In order to investigate the efficiency of triple therapy treatment associated to a probiotic (Bacillus claussi), its was made a prospective study with no probabilistic and intentional sampling in 100 patients since august, 2011 to february, 2011. Patients were distribuited in two groups of 50 each one, in order to receive the following treatment: Group A: Esomeprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin. Group B: Esomeprazole, amoxicillin, clarithromycin and Bacillus claussi. Eradications of helicobacter pylori infections was obtained in 96% of group patients, in comparation to 80% of group a patients (P = 0,027). The adverse effect most important was diarrhea on the group A. The association of PPI, antibiotics and Bacillus claussi improved the percentage of eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection, avoiding the give up of treatment because the presence of adverse effects.

Evaluación de la persistencia de una formulación comercial de Bacillus sphaericus en criaderos naturales de anofelinos vectores de malaria en estado Bolívar, Venezuela / Evaluation of the persistence of a comercial formulation of Bacillus sphaericus in malaria vectors anopheline larval hábitats in Bolívar state, Venezuela

El municipio Sifontes del estado Bolívar es la principal área endémica a malaria de Venezuela. Durante los últimos cinco años se ha reportado en este municipio un promedio anual cercano a 15 mil casos, alcanzándose durante 2009 la cifra de 20.282, lo que constituye una situación de epidemia. En este municipio se evaluó la persistencia de una formulación comercial de Bacillus sphaericus Neide (Vectolex CG 7,5%) en criaderos naturales de Anopheles marajoara, An. triannulatus y An. braziliensis. Para ello se realizaron dos experimentos en los cuales se evaluaron las dosis de 2 y 3 gr/m2 durante 60 y 90 días. Los resultados indican que hay diferencias en la persistencia por tipo de criadero y especie de anofelino. La tendencia general para todas las especies indica que el porcentaje de reducción de la población larvaria fue de 100% durante la primera semana, luego disminuyó paulatinamente hasta más o menos 40% después de los 28 días, para luego recuperarse a alrededor de 60% a los 45 días, manteniéndose así hasta el día 90 con ambas dosis. Este comportamiento es más evidente para An. marajoara, mientras que con An. triannulatus la eficacia se mantiene alrededor de 80% durante 90 días con 3 gr/m2. Sobre An. braziliensis, la eficacia se mantiene en 100% hasta el día 14 con ambas concentraciones, para luego caer abruptamente sin recuperación. Es la primera vez que se evalúa B. sphaericus sobre estas especies de anofelinos en Venezuela, considerándose estos resultados muy prometedores para el control de vectores

Sifontes municipality in Bolivar state is the main malaria endemic area in Venezuela. During the last five years an annual average of 14,000 cases has been reported, reaching 13,450 during 2008, resulting in an epidemic situation. A commercial formulation of Bacillus sphaericus Neide (Vectolex CG 7.5%), was evaluated in larval habitats of Anopheles marajoara, An. triannulatus and An. braziliensis. Two experiments were carried out in a lagoon and a pasture inundated area, 2 and 3 gr/m2 doses were evaluated during 60 and 90 days. The results point out that there are differences in the persistence depending on the type of larval habitat and anopheline species. The general trend indicated that for all the species the persistence of the Vectolex, therefore the reduction of the larval population was 100% during the first week. However, it felt under 40% after day 28, then recovered by day 45, and remaining around 40% for 90 days with both doses. A similar pattern was observed for An. marajoara, whereas for An. triannulatus the efficacy remained around 80% during 90 days only at 3 gr/m2. With An. braziliensis there was 100% persistence until day 14 with both doses, for then felt abruptly without recovering. This is the first time that B. sphaericus was evaluated for these anopheline species in Venezuela, considering these results promissory for the malaria control program

Effect of gamma irradiation treatment on keratinase production of bacillus licheniformis strains

The biochemical changes of the two tested bacterial strains, namely Bacillus licheniformis CF-26, B. licheniformis PWD-28 were studied when were induced by gamma irradiation for the production of keratinase and the utilization of feathers. Chicken feather is an environmental waste of keratinaceous origin. It is obtained annually in huge amounts poor given its degradability and is not efficiently utilized especially in developing countries. In order to improve the production of the keratilytic enzyme using this waste, the gamma rays were employed and variations among the tested bacteria were obtained. Two efficient local bacterial strains [B. licheniformis CF-26 and B. licheniformis PWD-28] were used. The obtained data for gamma irradiation revealed a decrease in the survival probability of the tested bacterial strains. Data also showed that the bacterial cells of the two tested bacterial strains grown in nutrient broth were more sensitive to gamma irradiation than those grown on nutrient agar slant. Some prototrophic and auxotrophic mutants of B. licheniformis PWD-28 significantly increased keratinase activity in all fermentation periods with that of their parent strains. A significant reduction in enzymatic activity was observed for some prototrophic and auxotrophic mutants of B. licheniformis F-26. The results obtained showed a dose-response for mutation frequency, mutagenecity ratio and a relative increase in mutagenecity ratio of gamma irradiation