A Relação Educadora-Bebê com Deficiência e o Cuidado Coletivo na Creche / The Educator-Baby with Disability's Relationship and the Collective Care in Daycare Center / La Relación Educadora-Bebé con Discapacidad y el Cuidado Colectivo en la Guardería

Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar a relação educadora-bebê com deficiência e o cuidado coletivo na creche. Participaram 10 educadoras de duas Escolas Municipais de Educação Infantil de Porto Alegre que atendiam dois bebês com deficiência física. As educadoras participaram de um Programa de Acompanhamento destinado a educadoras que atendiam bebês com deficiência e responderam a uma entrevista. Os dados foram submetidos à análise temática indutiva. Os resultados revelam a importância das educadoras e da creche como ambiente facilitador do amadurecimento pessoal dos bebês com deficiência, o que ficou evidente nos cuidados dispensados a eles de forma sensível. No entanto, pôde-se perceber que o cuidado em ambiente coletivo é desafiador para as educadoras e o bebê com deficiência demanda maior disponibilidade emocional e física delas, o que pode tornar a prática profissional ainda mais fatigante. Pensar em intervenções que considerem as especificidades da relação educadora-bebê com deficiência torna-se relevante no contexto da Educação Infantil, ainda mais ao se considerar a importância da inclusão desde as etapas iniciais do processo educacional.

This study aimed to investigate the educator-baby with disability's relationship and the collective care in the daycare center. Ten educators from two Municipal Schools of Early Childhood Education in Porto Alegre that took care of two babies with physical disabilities participated. The educators took part in a Follow-up Program aimed at educators who attended babies with disabilities and responded to an interview. The data was submitted to inductive thematic analysis. The results reveal the importance of the educators and the childcare center as an environment that facilitates the personal maturation of babies with disabilities which was evident in the care provided to them in a sensitive way. However, it could be seen that care in a collective environment is challenging for educators and the baby with a disability demands greater emotional and physical availability from them which can make professional practice even more weary. Thinking about interventions that consider the specificities of the educator-baby with disability's becomes relevant in the context of early childhood education, especially when considering the importance of inclusion from the initial stages of the educational process.

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar la relación educadora-bebé con discapacidad y el cuidado colectivo en la guardería. Participaron 10 educadoras de dos Escuelas Municipales de Educación Infantil de Porto Alegre que atendieron a dos bebés con discapacidad física. Las educadoras participaron en un Programa de Seguimiento dirigido a educadoras que atendan bebés con discapacidad y respondieron a una entrevista. Los datos se sometieron a análisis temático inductivo. Los resultados demuestran la importancia de las educadoras y la guardería como un entorno que facilita la maduración personal de los bebés con discapacidad, lo que se evidenció en los cuidados que se les brindan de manera sensible. Sin embargo, se pudo apreciar que el cuidado en un ambiente colectivo es un desafío para las educadoras y el bebé con discapacidad les exige una mayor disponibilidad emocional y física, lo que puede hacer que la práctica profesional sea aún mas fatigosa. Pensar en intervenciones que consideren las especificidades de la relación educadora-bebé con discapacidad es relevante en el contexto de la educación infantil, especialmente al se considerar la importancia de la inclusión desde las etapas iniciales del proceso educativo.

Gênero, saúde e prisão: maternidades possíveis no contexto prisional / Género, salud y prisión: posibles maternidades en el contexto penitenciario / Gender, health and prison: possible maternities in the prison context

Este relato baseia-se nas reflexões de uma estagiária que atuou em uma penitenciária do sul do país, durante o último período do seu curso de Psicologia. O objetivo do estágio voltou-se para a atenção integral à saúde da mulher no contexto de privação de liberdade. Tendo em vista ser um artigo derivado de reflexões sobre estágio, trabalharemos aqui com o relato de experiência das atividades desenvolvidas, que foram analisadas conforme as proposições da Análise de Discurso do Círculo de Bakhtin. Foram criados dois grupos distintos de intervenção, sendo um deles composto por mulheres em período de gestação, cujos encontros aconteceram junto a uma equipe interdisciplinar, e o outro composto por mulheres inseridas na área berçário do presídio junto a seus filhos. As análises dos encontros realizados nos permitiram compreender a fragmentação da identidade da mulher atravessada pela lógica do contexto prisional: punir para reabilitar.(AU)

This report consists of the performance of a intern in a penitentiary in the south of the country, in the period that corresponded to the last year of the Psychology course. The objective of the internship was focused on comprehensive care to women's health in the context of deprivation of liberty in a prison. As this is an article derived from reflections on internship, we will work here with the experience report of the activities carried out, which were analyzed according to the propositions of the Discourse Analysis of the Bakhtin Circle. There were two distinct groups, one of which was a group of women in the gestation period, whose meetings took place with an interdisciplinary team, and another group of women in the nursery area of the prison with their children. The analysis of the meetings held allowed us to understand the fragmentation of women's identity crossed by the logic of the prison context: punishing to rehabilitate.(AU)

Este informe se basa en las reflexiones de una pasante que trabajó en un centro penitenciario del sur del país, durante el último período de su curso de Psicología. El objetivo de la pasantía estuvo enfocado en la atención integral a la salud de la mujer en el contexto de privación de libertad. Como artículo derivado de las reflexiones sobre la pasantía, aquí trabajaremos con el relato de experiencia de las actividades desarrolladas, las cuales fueron analizadas de acuerdo a las proposiciones del Análisis del Discurso del Círculo de Bakhtin. Se crearon dos grupos de intervención diferenciados, uno formado por mujeres en gestación, cuyas reuniones se realizaron con un equipo interdisciplinario, y otro compuesto por mujeres insertadas en el área de guardería del penal con sus hijos. El análisis de los encuentros realizados permitió comprender la fragmentación de la identidad de las mujeres atravesada por la lógica del contexto carcelario: castigar para rehabilitar.(AU)

The influence of the quality in daycare environments on children's motor development between six to 15 months old / Influência da qualidade do ambiente das creches no desenvolvimento motor de crianças entre seis e 15 meses

Abstract Objectives: to analyze the influence of the quality in the environment on children's motor development between six to 15 months old attending early childhood education centers. Methods: a cross-sectional and analytical study addressing children's motor development between six to 15 months old, both sexes, enrolled in nursery (0-12 months) and preschoolers (12-24 months). The Affordances in the Home Environment for Motor Development-Infant Scale and Alberta Infant Motor Scale were used in the Brazilian versions Results: the sample was comprised of 104 children and 30 early childhood education centers: presenting a mean age of 9.15 months, 88% attended full-time and 12% part-time schooling (mornings or afternoons). One center was classified with a low Affordances, 26 were considered Sufficient, and three were Adequate. Of the participating children, 40% presented typical motor development. The higher levels of Affordances suggest better motor development, and lower levels of suspected delayed motor development. Conclusion: the environments of early childhood education centers influence children's motor performance, especially daily activities and the use of toys. The lower the Affordances level, more likely children are suspected of delayed motor development.

Resumo Objetivos: analisar a influência da qualidade do ambiente no desenvolvimento motor de crianças na faixa etária entre seis e 15 meses que frequentam centros de educação infantil. Métodos estudo de delineamento transversal e analítico sobre o desenvolvimento motor de crianças entre seis e 15 meses de idade, de ambos os sexos, matriculadas em turmas de berçário (0-12 meses) e maternal I (12-24 meses), com utilização das escalas validadas Affordances in the Home Environment for Motor Development-Infant Scale e Alberta Infant Motor Scale. Resultados: a amostra de 104 crianças e 30 centros de educação infantil apresentou idade média de 9,15 meses, 88% permanecia em período integral e 12% meio período (manhã ou tarde), um centro foi classificado como Affordance Fraca, 26 Suficiente e três Adequada. Das crianças participantes, 40% apresentaram desenvolvimento motor normal. Os maiores níveis de Affordance indicam melhor desenvolvimento motor e níveis menores de Affordance sinalizam suspeita de atraso motor. Conclusão: o ambiente de centros de educação infantil em que a criança está inserida exerce influência no desempenho motor, principalmente ligado às atividades diárias e uso de brinquedos. Quanto menor o nível de Affordance mais possibilidades de suspeita de atraso motor infantil.

Interações educadora-bebê em creches: um estudo sobre concepções de educadoras infantis / Interactions enseignante-bébé dans les crèches: une étude sur les conceptions d'enseignantes de maternelle / Interacciones entre educadora-bebé en guarderías: un estudio sobre las concepciones de educadoras de la primera infancia / Caregiver-child interactions in daycare centers: a study on the conceptions of early childhood educators

Resumo Este artigo aborda as concepções de educadoras infantis sobre suas atuações com bebês em creches e sobre o desenvolvimento dos bebês nesses contextos. Parte-se da compreensão de que as concepções orientam as práticas profissionais, sendo fundamental compreendê-las para formular estratégias interventivas que potencializem as ações profissionais em creches. Participaram do estudo cinco professoras de educação infantil de creches públicas, as quais responderam a uma entrevista cujo áudio foi gravado e posteriormente transcrito. As respostas das entrevistas foram avaliadas por meio da análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Os resultados revelaram uma dissonância entre as verbalizações das educadoras e o que postulam teóricos do desenvolvimento e os documentos oficiais que norteiam a Educação Infantil brasileira. Diante do exposto, afirmamos a relevância das formações continuadas e sugerimos que elas englobem o desenvolvimento infantil e as interações educador-criança-ambiente, na direção de potencializar esses aspectos e favorecer os processos interativos.

Résumé Cet article traite des conceptions des enseignantes de maternelle sur leur travail avec les bébés dans les crèches et sur le développement des bébés dans ces contextes. Nous nous basons sur la compréhension que les conceptions guident les pratiques professionnelles, étant essentiel de les comprendre pour formuler des stratégies d'intervention qui valorisent les actions professionnelles dans les crèches. Cinq enseignantes de maternelle de crèches publiques ont participé à l'étude. Elles ont répondu à une interview dont l'audio a été enregistré puis transcrit. Les réponses aux questions ont été évaluées à l'aide de l'analyse de contenu de Bardin. Les résultats ont révélé une dissonance entre les verbalisations des enseignantes et ce que postulent les théoriciens du développement et les documents officiels qui guident l'éducation maternelle au Brésil. Face à ce qui précède, on soutient la pertinence de la formation continue et suggère qu'elle comprenne le développement de l'enfant et les interactions enseignantes-enfant-environnement, afin de valoriser ces aspects et de favoriser les processus interactifs.

Resumen Este artículo aborda las concepciones de educadoras de la primera infancia sobre su trabajo con bebés en las guarderías y sobre el desarrollo de los bebés en estos contextos. Se parte de la comprensión de que las concepciones orientan las prácticas profesionales, y es fundamental comprenderlas para formular estrategias de intervención que potencien la actuación profesional en las guarderías. En el estudio participaron cinco profesoras de educación infantil en guarderías públicas, quienes respondieron a una entrevista cuyo audio fue grabado y luego transcrito. El análisis de las entrevistas se realizó mediante el análisis de contenido de Bardin. Los resultados apuntan a disonancia entre las verbalizaciones de las educadoras y lo que plantean los teóricos del desarrollo y los documentos oficiales que orientan la educación infantil en Brasil. De lo anterior, se afirma la relevancia de la formación continua y se sugiere que esta incluya el desarrollo infantil y las interacciones educador-niño-entorno, en el sentido de potenciar estos aspectos y favorecer los procesos interactivos.

Abstract Based on the understanding that conceptions guide professional practices and considering such understanding essential for the formulation of intervention strategies that enhance professional actions, this article addresses the conceptions of childhood educators regarding their work with infants in daycare centers and the development of infants in these contexts. This study was conducted with data collected by interviews conducted with five teachers working in public daycare centers. The audio was recorded and transcribed, and responses were analyzed using Bardin's content analysis procedures. Our results indicate a dissonance between what is said by educators and what is postulated by both development theorists and official documents guiding Brazilian Early Childhood Education. These findings assert the relevance of continued training, including child development and environments of caregiver-child interactions to enhance these aspects and favor interactive processes.

Parturition time for the Blacktip shark, Carcharhinus limbatus (Carcharhiniformes: Carcharhinidae), in Southwestern Atlantic

The determination of the period of parturition and identification of nursery areas are fundamental for the management and conservation of a fishing resource. Through combination of monthly abundance, length measurements, and development time of embryos we inferred about parturition time of the Blacktip sharks, Carcharhinus limbatus, from Southwestern Atlantic. Specimens of C. limbatus were caught from 2002 and 2008 by artisanal fleets from three different locations along the Brazilian coast using gillnets (mesh width ranging between 30 and 120 mm between opposite knots and operating from 9 to 120 m in depth), handlines (19 to 140 m depth) and longlines (6 to 90 m depth). Through a comparative analysis of fisheries landing data collected, we have verified neonatal (< 90 cm) catch peaks at specific times of the year in different locations and, matching with birth prediction of embryos, propose that C. limbatuspresents a well-defined parturition time in late spring-early summer in Southwestern Atlantic. Moreover, we indicate supposed nursery grounds for the species along the Brazilian coast. This information will be crucial for stock assessments of the species and may serve as a basis for determining fisheries management measures.(AU)

A determinação do período de parto e identificação de áreas de berçário são fundamentais para o manejo e conservação da espécie. Através da combinação de abundância mensal, comprimentos e tempo de desenvolvimento de embriões nós inferimos sobre a época de parto do tubarão galha preta, Carcharhinus limbatus, no Sudoeste Atlântico. Espécimes de C. limbatus foram capturados entre 2002 e 2008 por frotas artesanais de três locais diferentes ao longo da costa brasileira usando redes de emalhar (largura de malha variando entre 30 e 120 mm entre nós opostos e operando de 9 a 120 m de profundidade), linhas de mão (19 a 140 m de profundidade) e espinhel (6 a 90 m de profundidade). Através de análise comparativa de dados de desembarque pesqueiro, verificamos picos de captura de neonatos (< 90 cm) em períodos específicos do ano em diferentes localidades e, combinando com a previsão de nascimento de embriões, propomos que C. limbatus apresenta um período de parto bem definido no final da primavera e início do verão no Sudoeste do Atlântico. Além disto, nós indicamos prováveis áreas de berçário ao longo da costa brasileira. Estas informações serão cruciais para avaliações de estoque da espécie e poderão servir de base para determinação de medidas de manejo de pescarias.(AU)

Body mass index and blood pressure correlate in nursery school children in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Introduction: Blood pressure (BP) is a vital indicator of health in children and adults. The relationship between body mass index (BMI) and BP is well established in children; and BMI has been shown to maintain an independent relationship with BP even after controlling for many other variables that characterize individuals. High BMI significantly increases the risk of hypertension. Epidemiological studies in various countries have been conducted to determine the relationship between BP and BMI in children; similar comparative studies are lacking in Nigeria, thus necessitating this study.Aim: To determine the relationship between BMI and BP in nursery pupils in Port Harcourt.Methods: Multi-staged sampling technique was used to select 710 nursery pupils from 13 schools. Biodata was obtained using a selfadministered (parent) questionnaire. Height and weight measurement were taken, and BMI calculated. BP was measured using a mercury sphygmomanometer; and relevant data analysis done.Result: There were 710 pupils 365 (51.4%) males and 345(48.6%) females. Mean systolic BP was 93.2 ± 10.6mmHg (70­130 mmHg); while mean diastolic BP was 58.8 ± 8.0mmHg(40 ­ 88.7 mmHg). Mean BMI was 15.0 ± 1.8 kg/m2(9.1 - 25.5 kg/m2). There is a positive linear relationship between systolic and diastolic BP and BMI (correlation coefficient r = 0.03). Obese pupils had significantly higher BP rates (25%) (X2= 15.35, p =0.002). BMI and height were significant predictors of diastolic BP (p<0.001).Conclusion: There is a positive correlation between BMI and BP; and high BMI is an important predictor of high BP in nursery pupils in Nigeria

Espaço do berçário: contribuições de um programa de acompanhamento / Organization of child care space: contributions of a monitoring program / Espacio de la guardería: contribuciones de un programa de seguimiento

Este estudo investigou as contribuições de um programa de acompanhamento com educadoras, baseado na abordagem pikleriana, para a organização dos espaços do berçário e para a interação educadora-bebê. Foi realizado um estudo de casos múltiplos com seis educadoras de berçário de duas creches públicas, que participaram de seis encontros individuais. Seis meses após o término do acompanhamento, as educadoras responderam a uma entrevista, cujas respostas foram examinadas por meio da análise de conteúdo qualitativa. As educadoras relataram mudanças na organização do espaço físico, dos móveis e objetos, bem como uma melhor qualidade da interação educadora-bebê, percebida ao propiciar autonomia e dar mais atenção individualizada nos momentos de cuidados. Os resultados sugerem que o acompanhamento possibilitou mudanças na organização do berçário, que puderam apoiar a interação educadora-bebê e contribuir para a promoção do desenvolvimento infantil

The present study investigated the contributions of a monitoring program for educators based on the Piklerian approach for the organization of child care spaces and for the child-educator interaction. Six educators of two public child care center participated in six individual meetings. Six months after the end of mentoring, the educators were interviewed and the answers were examined through qualitative content analysis: child care space characteristics and educator-child interaction. The educators reported changes in the organization of the physical space, furniture and objects. The teachers also reported a better quality of the educator-child interaction, perceived in their own attitudes providing autonomy, organizing space based on children needs, as well as giving more individualized attention to them in times of care. The results suggest that monitoring could make changes in the child care organization that could support the educator-child interaction and contribute to the promotion of child development

Este estudio investigó las contribuciones de un programa de seguimiento con educadoras, basado en el enfoque pikleriano, para la organización de los espacios de guardería y para la interacción educadora-bebé. Se realizó un estudio de casos múltiples con seis educadoras de dos guarderías públicas, que participaron de seis encuentros individuales. Seis meses después del término del seguimiento, las educadoras respondieron a una entrevista, cuyas respuestas fueron examinadas por medio del análisis de contenido cualitativo. Las educadoras relataron cambios en la organización del espacio físico, de los muebles y objetos, así como una mejor calidad de la interacción educadora-bebé, percibida al propiciar autonomía y dar más atención individualizada en los momentos de cuidados. Los resultados sugieren que el seguimiento posibilitó cambios en la organización de la guardería, que pudieron apoyar la interacción educadora-bebé y contribuir a la promoción del desarrollo infantil

Molecular Epidemiologic Study of a Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Outbreak at a Newborn Nursery and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the molecular epidemiology of a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) outbreak at a newborn nursery and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).METHODS: During the outbreak, from August to September 2017, MRSA isolates collected from neonates and medical staff underwent genotyping and screened for virulence factors. Antibiotic susceptibilities were tested.RESULTS: During the study period, 41 neonates were admitted at the nursery (n=27) and NICU (n=14). Of these, 7 had MRSA infections (skin infection [n=6] and sepsis [n=1]) and 4 were colonized with MRSA. Associated medical staff (n=32) were screened; three were nasal MRSA carriers. Staphylococcal chromosomal cassette mec (SCCmec) type II, sequence type (ST) 89, spa type t375 was found to be the skin infection outbreak causing strain, with multi-drug resistance including low-level mupirocin resistance. SCCmec type IVa, ST 72, and a novel spa type designated t17879, was the cause of MRSA sepsis. Many different types of MRSA were colonized on the neonates; however, SCCmec type IVa, ST 72, spa type t664 was colonized in both neonates and a NICU nurse. All MRSA isolates from colonized infants were positive for the Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) toxin gene.CONCLUSIONS: The strain causing an outbreak of skin infections had multi-drug resistance. Also, MRSA colonized in the neonates were found to carry the PVL toxin gene. Because different strains are present during an outbreak, molecular epidemiologic studies are important to identify the outbreak strain and colonized strains which aid in effective control and prevention of future MRSA outbreaks.

Práticas e percepções de educadores quanto ao aleitamento materno / Educators' breastfeeding-related practices and perceptions / Prácticas y percepciones de educadores sobre la lactancia materna

OBJETIVO: Conhecer as práticas e percepções de profissionais da educação sobre o aleitamento materno. MÉTODOS: Estudo exploratório e descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa. A coleta de dados ocorreu em 2015, com 19 profissionais da educação atuantes em berçários das creches de um município de fronteira do Sul do Brasil. Utilizou-se a técnica do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo para organizar e tabular os dados qualitativos. RESULTADOS: A construção dos discursos do sujeito coletivo permitiu visualizar que, na percepção das professoras, o aleitamento materno é considerado negativo e não há benefícios nessa prática para crianças matriculadas no berçário I, principalmente pela indisponibilidade da mãe em ir à creche. Deste modo, considerou-se o local como não sendo um bom lugar para mãe amamentar. A percepção da profissional sobre o aleitamento materno o coloca como uma barreira à sua prática profissional e, por isso, o ensino, a manutenção e a promoção à amamentação não ocorrem. Além disso, foram mencionadas dificuldades quanto à infraestrutura escolar para a implementação do aleitamento. CONCLUSÃO: As profissionais consideram que o aleitamento materno pode ser uma barreira à sua prática profissional, relatam as dificuldades existentes para essa prática e, efetivamente, não o incentivam.

OBJECTIVE: To know education professionals' breastfeeding-related practices and perceptions. METHODS: Descriptive and exploratory study, with a qualitative approach. Data collection took place in 2015, with 19 education professionals working in nurseries of day-care centers in a bordering municipality of Southern Brazil. The Collective Subject Discourse technique was used in order to organize and tabulate the qualitative data. RESULTS: The construction of the collective subject discourses led to the evidence that, in the teachers' perception, breastfeeding is considered negative and there are no benefits in this practice for children enrolled in nursery I, mainly because the mothers could not manage to go to the daycare center. Thus, the place was regarded as an unsuitable location for the mother to breastfeed. The professional's perception of breastfeeding renders it a hindrance to their professional practice and, therefore, the teaching, maintenance and promotion of breastfeeding doesn´t occur. Moreover, issues regarding the school infrastructure were mentioned as difficulties for the implementation of breastfeeding. CONCLUSION: The professionals consider that breastfeeding may represent a barrier to their professional performance; they report the existing difficulties for such practice and do not actually encourage it.

OBJETIVO: Conocer las prácticas y percepciones de profesionales de la educación sobre la lactancia materna. MÉTODOS: Estudio exploratorio y descriptivo de abordaje cualitativo. La recogida de datos se dio en 2015 con 19 profesionales de la educación que actúan en los nidos de las guarderías de un municipio de la frontera del Sur de Brasil. Se utilizó la técnica del Discurso del Sujeto Colectivo para organizar y tabular los datos cualitativos. RESULTADOS: La construcción de los discursos del sujeto colectivo ha permitido visualizar que la lactancia materna es considerada negativa en la percepción de las profesoras y que no hay beneficios de esa práctica para los bebés matriculados en el nido I, en especial por la indisponibilidad de la madre para irse a la guardería. De esa manera, se consideró el sitio inadecuado para una madre amamantar. La percepción de la profesional sobre la lactancia materna la identifica como una barrera a su práctica profesional y, por eso, la enseñanza, la manutención y la promoción del amamantamiento no se dan. Además de eso, se han mencionado las dificultades de la infraestructura escolar para la implementación de la lactancia materna. CONCLUSIÓN: Las profesionales consideran que la lactancia materna puede ser una barrera a su práctica profesional, relatan las dificultades que hay para esa práctica y, efectivamente, no la incentivan.

Integrative literature review: sleep patterns in infants attending nurseries / Revisión integradora de la literatura: sueño en lactantes que frecuentan guarderías / Revisão integrativa da literatura: sono em lactentes que frequentam creche

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify evidence available in the literature about sleep patterns of infants attending nurseries. Method: An integrative review of studies published in Portuguese, English or Spanish available in full text on LILACS, CINAHL, and PubMed databases. The following descriptors sono, lactente and creches or berçários (in Portuguese) and sleep, infant and childcare or nurseries were used for LILACS, CINAHL and Pubmed, respectively. Nine studies were selected and analyzed. Results: The main component explored in the studies about sleep pattern is the sleep position of the infants, due to its association with sudden infant death syndrome. The results pointed to the need to promote and develop written guidelines regarding behavioral practices to reduce the risk of this phenomenon. Conclusion: Evidence has identified sleep issues, mainly regarding the sleep position of the infant and the environment where the infant sleeps, showing that it is critical to set routines and interventions to improve the quality of sleep care of infants attending nurseries.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Identificar evidencias disponibles en la literatura sobre el sueño del lactante que frecuenta guarderías. Método: Revisión integradora de artículos publicados en portugués, inglés o español, disponibles en su totalidad en las bases LILACS, CINAHL y PubMed. Fueron utilizados los descriptores "sueño", "lactante" y "guarderías" o "cuarto de niños" y "sleep", "infant" y "childcare" o "nurseries" para LILACS y para CINAHL y Pubmed, respectivamente, siendo seleccionados y analizados nueve estudios. Resultados: El principal componente explorado en los artículos acerca del comportamiento del sueño es la posición en que el niño duerme, en vista a su asociación con el síndrome de la muerte súbita infantil. Los resultados resaltaron la necesidad de promoción y desarrollo de normas escritas cuanto a las prácticas comportamentales para reducción de riesgo de ese fenómeno. Conclusión: Las evidencias identificaron problemas relacionados al sueño, principalmente con relación al posicionamiento del niño y al ambiente en que duerme, siendo fundamental el establecimiento de rutinas e intervenciones, visando mejorar la calidad del cuidado con el sueño de los lactantes que frecuentan guarderías.

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar evidências disponíveis na literatura sobre o sono do lactente que frequenta creche. Método: Revisão integrativa de artigos publicados em português, inglês ou espanhol, disponíveis na íntegra nas bases LILACS, CINAHL e PubMed. Foram utilizados os descritores "sono", "lactente" e "creches" ou "berçários e "sleep", "infant" e "childcare" ou "nurseries" para LILACS e para CINAHL e Pubmed, respectivamente, sendo selecionados e analisados nove estudos. Resultados: O principal componente explorado nos artigos acerca do comportamento do sono é a posição em que a criança dorme, haja vista sua associação com a síndrome da morte súbita infantil. Os resultados ressaltaram a necessidade de promoção e desenvolvimento de normas escritas quanto às práticas comportamentais para redução de risco desse fenômeno. Conclusão: As evidências identificaram problemas relacionados ao sono, principalmente em relação ao posicionamento da criança e ao ambiente em que dorme, sendo fundamental o estabelecimento de rotinas e intervenções, visando melhorar a qualidade do cuidado com o sono dos lactentes que frequentam creches.

Administration of the adrenaline auto-injector at the nursery/kindergarten/school in Western Japan

BACKGROUND: In view of the increasing prevalence of food allergies, there has been an associated increase in frequency of situations requiring an emergency response for anaphylaxis at the home, childcare facilities and educational institutions. OBJECTIVE: To clarify the situation of adrenaline auto-injector administration in nursery/kindergarten/school, we carried out a questionnaire survey on pediatric physicians in Western Japan. METHODS: In 2015, self-reported questionnaires were mailed to 421 physicians who are members of the West Japan Research Society Pediatric Clinical Allergy and Shikoku Research Society Pediatric Clinical Allergy. RESULTS: The response rate was 44% (185 physicians) where 160 physicians had a prescription registration for the adrenaline auto-injector. In the past year, 1,330 patients were prescribed the adrenaline auto-injector where 83 patients (6% of the prescribed patients) actually administered the adrenaline auto-injector, of which 14 patients (17% of the administered patients) self-administered the adrenaline auto-injector. “Guardians” at the nursery/kindergarten and elementary school were found to have administered the adrenaline auto-injector the most. Among 117 adrenaline auto-injector prescription-registered physicians, 79% had experienced nonadministration of adrenaline auto-injector at nursery/kindergarten/school when anaphylaxis has occurred. The most frequent reason cited for not administering the adrenaline auto-injector was “hesitation about the timing of administration.” CONCLUSION: If the adrenaline auto-injector was administered after the guardian arrived at the nursery/kindergarten/school, it may lead to delayed treatment of anaphylaxis in which symptoms develop in minutes. Education and cooperation among physicians and nursery/kindergarten/school staff will reduce the number of children suffering unfortunate outcomes due to anaphylaxis.

O berçário da escola pública: aplicação de um programa de intervenção motora oportuna / The public school nursery: implementation of a timely motor intervention program

Introdução: Os programas de intervenção ofertados aos bebês potencializam o seu desenvolvimento. Objetivo: Melhorar a classificação de lactentes com atraso ou suspeita de atraso motor para bebês típicos através de um Programa de Intervenção Motora Precoce (PIMP) durante seis meses. Métodos: Participaram 15 bebês hígidos das classes B, C e D (11 meninos e 4 meninas), residentes no sul do Brasil e avaliados em três momentos: avaliação inicial (1ª avaliação), três meses (2ª avaliação) e seis meses (3ª avaliação) após o início da intervenção. Tarefas de perseguição visual, manipulação e controle postural foram realizadas, totalizando 20 minutos, três vezes por semana, por seis meses. A Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS), que avalia posturas, escore total bruto e percentil e classificação de desenvolvimento, foi utilizada para avaliar as aquisições dos bebês. Foi adotado 5% para o nível de significância. Resultados: Houve diferença significativa em relação às posturas, exceto no "supino" (p = 0,428). Para "prono", "sentado" e "escore total" a diferença foi significativa da 1ª avaliação para a 2ª e 3ª, (p = 0,004), (p = 0,014), (p = 0,001) respectivamente. Na postura em pé houve diferença significativa durante o estudo (p < 0,001). Em relação ao percentil, a 3ª avaliação apresentou resultados mais significativos (p < 0,001) do que os da 1ª e 2ª avaliações, que não diferiram entre si. Conclusão: A classificação do escore AIMS apresentou aumento do percentual de normalidade nos três momentos. Todos apresentaram normalidade ao final do estudo. O efeito do programa interventivo em lactentes ao longo do tempo proporciona impacto positivo nos marcos motores.(AU)

Introduction: Intervention programs offered to babies empower their development. Aim: The goal was to improve the ranking of babies with suspicion of Delay or Motor Delay of Typical babies through an Early Motor Intervention Program (EMIP) for six months. Methods: Fifteen healthy babies' class B, C and D (11 boys and 4 girls), residents in southern Brazil and evaluated at three different points: baseline (1 st assessment), three months (2nd assessment) and six months (3rd assessment) after starting intervention. Chase visual tasks, handling and postural control were performed, 20 minutes, three times a week for six months. The Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS), which evaluates postures, total gross score and percentile and development of classification, was used to evaluate the acquisitions of babies. It was adopted for the 5% level of significance. Results: There were significant differences in relation to the positions except the "supine" (p = 0.428). For "prone position", "sitting" and "total score" the difference was significant for the 1st, 2nd and 3rd assessment (p = 0.004) (p = 0.014) (p = 0.001) respectively. The standing posture significant difference was observed during the study (p < 0.001). Regarding the 3rd percentile evaluation, results showed significant (p < 0.001) than the 1st and 2nd ratings that did not differ from each other. Conclusion: The classification of AIMS score had increased the normal percentage in three stages. All had normal at the end of the study. The effect of intervening program in babies provides positive impact on the motor milestones. (AU)

Short-term outcomes of inborn v. outborn very-low-birth-weight neonates (<1 500 g) in the neonatal nursery at Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa

Background. The Groote Schuur Hospital (GSH) neonatal nursery provides level 3 care for the Metro West Health District in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. Worldwide, very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) neonates delivered in level 3 neonatal units have better outcomes than those transported from other facilities.Objectives. To identify the characteristics and outcomes of VLBW neonates at GSH, with emphasis on differences between inborns and outborns. Methods. This was a retrospective cohort study. VLBW neonates admitted to the GSH neonatal nursery between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2013 were enrolled on the Vermont Oxford Network database and reviewed.Results. Of 1 032 VLBW neonates enrolled, 906 (87.8%) were delivered at GSH and 126 (12.2%) were outborn. Access to antenatal care, antenatal steroids and inborn status were statistically significant predictors of mortality and survival without morbidity. The mothers of inborn patients were more likely than those of outborn patients to have received antenatal care (89.1% v. 57.9%; p<0.0001) and antenatal steroids (64.2% v. 15.2%; p<0.0001). Inborns required less ventilatory support (16.2% v. 57.9%; p<0.0001) and surfactant administration than outborns (25.3% v. 65.1%; p<0.0001), and developed less late infection (8.8% v. 23.4%; p<0.0001), severe intraventricular haemorrhage (3.7% v. 13.9%; p<0.0001) and chronic lung disease (5.3% v. 13.4%; p=0.003). The incidence of necrotising enterocolitis was similar in the two groups (5.9% v. 8.7%; p=0.227). The mortality rate was 18.4% for inborns and 33.3% for outborns (p<0.0001). Mortality declined as birth weight increased. Of the survivors, 85.0% of inborns and 70.2% of outborns did not develop serious morbidity (p=0.003).Conclusions. VLBW neonates delivered at GSH had better outcomes than their outborn counterparts. Perinatal regionalisation is beneficial to our patients, with antenatal care, timeous transfer in utero and antenatal steroids contributing to excellent outcomes

High Prevalence of Rotavirus G4P6 Genotypes among Neonates in Two Korean Hospitals / 대한임상미생물학회지

BACKGROUND: The introduction of rotavirus vaccines has decreased the prevalence of rotavirus infections and might have changed the distribution of rotavirus genotypes. However, neonates are not eligible for vaccination and, therefore, are at risk for rotavirus infection while in the hospital nursery or neonatal intensive care unit. Our aim was to evaluate the shift of genotypes of group A rotavirus strains among neonates cared for in two geographically distant hospitals in Korea. METHODS: Analysis of rotavirus P and G genotypes was performed for 63 neonates (27 neonates in Seoul and 36 neonates in Busan) admitted to two hospitals between 2011 and 2013. RESULTS: Among the 63 tested neonates less than one month of age, 61 (96.8%) were infected with genotype G4P[6]. CONCLUSION: This study identified G4P[6] as the most frequently isolated genotypes among neonates in Korea; therefore, prevention of the G4P[6] genotype should be considered for neonates.

Comparison of perinatal outcomes in late preterm birth between singleton and twin pregnancies

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether late preterm twin neonates have a more favorable perinatal outcome than singleton late preterm neonates. METHODS: We studied 401 late preterm births between 34+0 and 36+6 weeks of gestation, from January 2011 to December 2014 in our institution. We compared the maternal and neonatal characteristics and perinatal outcomes between singleton and twin pregnancies. Perinatal outcomes included Apgar score, admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) or special care nursery, duration of NICU stay, and the rate of composite morbidity (antibiotic use, hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, hyperbilirubinemia requiring phototherapy, respiratory support, and respiratory distress syndrome). RESULTS: A total of 289 neonates were in the singleton group and 112 in the twin group. The twin group showed smaller mean birth weight despite of longer gestational age at delivery. In addition, there were significant differences in the indication of delivery and cesarean section rate between the 2 groups. Overall, the risk of composite morbidity was similar between 2 groups (odds ratio, 1.4; 95% confidence interval, 0.8 to 2.4). CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that late preterm twins do not show a more favorable outcome than singleton late preterm births.

Comparison of the Center for Children's Foodservice Management in 2012, 2014, and 2016 Using Big Data and Opinion Mining

This study compared the Center for Children's Foodservice Management in 2012, 2014, and 2016 using big data and opinion mining. The data on the Center for Children's Foodservice Management were collected from the portal site, Naver, from January 1 to December 31 in 2012, 2014, & 2016 and analyzed by keyword frequency analysis, influx route analysis of data, polarity analysis via opinion mining, and positive and negative keyword analysis by polarity analysis. The results showed that nursery had the highest rank every year and education supported by Center for Children's Foodservice Management has increased significantly. The influx of data has increased through the influx route analysis of data. Blog and cafée, which have a considerable amount of information by the mother should be helpful for use as public relations and participation recruitment paths. By polarity analysis using opinion mining, the positive image of the Center for Children's Foodservice Management was increased. Therefore, the Center for Children's Foodservice Management was well-suited to the purpose and the interests of the people has been increasing steadily. In the near future, the Center for Children's Foodservice Management is expected have good recognition if various programs to participate with family are developed and advertised.

Food allergic reactions in the community: a questionnaire survey of caregivers

PURPOSE: Food allergies are adverse immune reactions to food. Despite their importance, there have only been a few studies conducted on situations that may cause food allergies in Korean children. This study aims to obtain basic data that are necessary to provide information on food allergies to both patients and caregivers. METHODS: In this study, a survey was conducted on 97 caregivers of patients below 18 years old. The patients' situation upon occurrence of food allergy was examined by a questionnaire. RESULTS: Approximately 89.7% of the patients were at 6 years of age or younger. The most common allergens were eggs (37%) and milk (28%) in a total of 163 cases, including multiple responses. Skin symptoms were most common (77.8%). At the time of occurrence, 85% of the patients were with their parents. As for the exposure place, house was 65%, followed by restaurant (16%), nursery (7%), and relative's or neighbor's house (4%). Exclusive of unknown cases, the most common reason of exposure was the caregiver giving the food to the patient for reconfirmation (13.6%). CONCLUSION: It is concluded that the understanding of food allergies based on this research will assist in the management of patients with food allergies.

Effects of Direct Practice of Newborn Health Assessment on Students' Nursing Clinical Competence and Self-Efficacy

PURPOSE: This study was done to examine the effect of direct practice of newborn health assessment on nursing student's clinical competence and self-efficacy and to propose effective strategies for clinical education on newborn care. METHODS: Design was a nonequivalent control group quasi-experimental study. The direct practice program was composed of a lecture, demonstration, drill and feedback using a manikin, and repeated direct practice regarding newborn health assessment. Participants were 65 student nurses taking the pediatric nursing practicum in the nursery room at M hospital. The experimental group (n=33) participated in the direct practice program for newborn health assessment and the control group (n=32) received the traditional practice method. Nursing clinical competence was assessed by two nurse investigators and structured questionnaires were used to measure self-efficacy. RESULTS: The experimental group's clinical competence was significantly higher than that of the control group (t=-4.82, p=.000). However no significant difference was found between the two groups for self-efficacy (t=1.264, p=.211). CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that the direct practice program is effective in improving nursing student's clinical competence, but it was not effective in increasing self-efficacy. Direct practice in various clinical education settings is recommended and longitudinal effects be evaluated.

First Report of Dieback Caused by Lasiodiplodia theobromae in Strawberry Plants in Korea

Dieback in strawberry (Seolhyang cultivar) was first observed during the nursery season (June to September) in the Nonsan area of Korea in the years 2012 and 2013. Initial disease symptoms included dieback on runners, as well as black rot on roots, followed by wilting and eventually blackened, necrotic discoloration in the crowns of daughter plants. A fungus isolated from the diseased roots, runners, and crowns is close to Lasiodiplodia theobromae based on morphological characteristics. Analysis of a combined dataset assembled from sequences of the internal transcribed spacer and translation elongation factor 1-alpha genes grouped nine fungal isolates with the type strain of L. theobromae. The isolates showed strong pathogenicity on strawberry cultivars Kumhyang, Seolhyang, and Akihimae, fulfilling Koch's postulates. Based on these results, the pathogen responsible for dieback on strawberry plants in Korea was identified as L. theobromae.

RSV Outbreak at a Single Postpartum Care Center in Gyeongsangbukdo / 대한주산의학회잡지

PURPOSE: We performed an analysis of the RSV outbreak in a postpartum center in Gyeongsangbukdo to provide preliminary data for health and hygiene management of postpartum care centers. METHODS: All of 22 newborns who were transferred to our hospital from a postpartum care center from December 2014 to January 2015 showed positive for RSV by viral culture and enrolled in the study group. To identify early symptoms in RSV infected newborn in the nursery 31 infants (1 month to 24 month of age) who were hospitalized in our hospital due to RSV infection during the same period were selected as control group and clinical symptoms were compared with the study group. A retrospective study was also performed on the newborns who were cared and not transferred to our hospital in the postpartum care center, as well as the facilities offered by the center. RESULTS: All of 22 neonatal patients who were transferred to our hospital had early symptoms of rhinorrhea and cough compared to control group. Rhinorrhea appeared 4.2±2.0 days before the admission, and cough occurred 1.0±1.1 days after rhinorrhea. The level of infection control specified by the law for general facilities relating to postpartum care centers was applied to the postpartum center, RSV infection was not controlled. Strict hand washing, individual equipment such as stethoscopes and exclusion of visitors with respiratory symptoms were done and infected neonates were segregated in separate air circulation system and cared by nurse-infant ratios from 1:1 to 1:2 depending on the needs of the individual neonates. Additional transmission was not observed after transfer to our hospital CONCLUSION: Neonates with cough and rhinorrhea were initial symptom for RSV infection in the postpartum center and should be evaluated for RSV infection during high risk season. Current guideline or support for infection control in postpartum center should be reevaluated for RSV infection control.